Munthu akanena kuti makina opangira makina a CNC apamwamba kwambiri, chinthu choyamba chomwe chimabwera m'maganizo ambiri ndi makina okhala ndi chowongolera komanso lonjezo la ma microns. Ndilo gawo la izo, zedi, koma ndi gawo lophweka. Vuto lenileni, ndi pamene phindu lilidi, sikungokhala kulolerana; ndikumvetsetsa kuti kulolerana kuli kofunikira, komwe kumakhala koyenera kukhala nako, ndi momwe njira yonseyo-kuyambira kusankha zinthu mpaka kukonza mpaka kukonzanso-kumalumikizana kutsimikizira kapena kuwononga kulondola uko. Ndawonapo mashopu ambiri, ngakhale makasitomala, akumangika pamakina a makinawo kwinaku akunyalanyaza chilengedwe chozungulira. Ndiko komwe zinthu zimapita chammbali.
Maziko: Sizokhudza Makina Okha
Mutha kukhala ndi mphero yaposachedwa ya ma axis asanu, koma ngati zopangira zanu sizikugwirizana, mukulimbana ndi nkhondo yotayika kuyambira pachiyambi. Apa ndipamene maziko ngati QSY amakhala mwayi chete. Akugwira ntchito kwa zaka zopitilira 30 popanga ndi kupanga, awona momwe kupsinjika kwamkati kwamkati kapena kusiyanasiyana pang'ono kwa kapangidwe ka aloyi kuchokera pagulu la kutentha kumatha kuwononga nthawi mkulu mwatsatanetsatane CNC Machining kuzungulira. Sikungopanga chipika cha katundu; ndi kumvetsa mbiri ya zinthu. Kugwira ntchito ndi ma aloyi apadera monga opangidwa ndi cobalt kapena nickel si ntchito yamabokosi. Zidazi zimagwira ntchito molimba, zimakhala zopweteka, zimachotsa kutentha mosiyana. Njira zamapulogalamu ndi zida za 304 zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri motsutsana ndi Inconel 718 ndizosiyana, ngakhale mapulani omaliza akuwoneka ofanana. Kulondola kuli kochulukira mu chidziwitso cha sayansi monga momwe ziliri mu G-code.
Ndikukumbukira pulojekiti ya chigawo cha hydraulic valve, chowoneka ngati chosavuta. Kusindikizaku kumafuna kulekerera kolimba. Magulu oyambirira, opangidwa kuchokera ku bar standard bar, adadutsa QC koma adalephera kuyesa kumunda pansi pa kupsinjika-kusokoneza pang'ono, koma zokwanira kuti ziwonongeke. Nkhaniyi idachokera kumayendedwe a mbewu zomwe zidachokera ku mipiringidzo. Tinasinthiratu kugwiritsa ntchito chopanda chopanda kanthu, chomwe chimakhala ndi njere zofananira. Magawo a makina, kuthamanga ndi ma feed, adayenera kusinthidwanso chifukwa zida zopangira zidachita mosiyana pansi pa wodula. Ntchito yolondola apa idaphatikizapo kuvomereza mawonekedwe ena oyambira, osati kungodula. Ndiwo mtundu wa chiweruzo chomwe chimabwera kuchokera ku zochitika zosiyanasiyana, zomwe mumawona zikuphatikizidwa pamalo ngati Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology (QSY), kumene kuponyera ndi kukonza pansi pa denga limodzi kumadziwitsa machitidwe onse awiri.
Mzati wina womwe nthawi zambiri umanyalanyazidwa ndi fixturing. Pantchito yolondola kwambiri, makamaka pamiyeso yotsika, yosakanizika kwambiri, zosintha zamakhalidwe sizingakambirane. Cholinga chake ndikutsanzira malo okwera a msonkhano womaliza kapena kupanga phiri la kinematic lomwe limachepetsa kupsinjika ndi kupotoza. Ndataya maola kuthamangitsa chakhumi (0.0001) kungozindikira kuti vise ikupereka nkhawa zambiri kuposa ntchito yopangira makina. Nthawi zina, chinthu cholondola kwambiri chomwe mumachita ndikupanga ndikusindikiza makinawo musanakhudze gawolo.
Njira: Kumene Chiphunzitso Chimakumana ndi Malo Ogulitsira
Tiyeni tikambirane ndondomeko yeniyeni ya makina. Lingaliro lolakwika lodziwika bwino ndilakuti kulondola kwambiri kumatanthauza kutenga magawo ang'onoang'ono, pang'onopang'ono kudutsa gawo lonselo. Ndi njira yabwino yopangira kutentha ndi kupotoza zida. Njira yanzeru ndi yosakanizidwa: movutikira kuchotsa zinthu zambiri ndikukhazikika mkati, kenako nditsika pang'onopang'ono pomaliza. Kuwongolera kutentha ndikofunikira. Pa bulaketi yamumlengalenga yovuta kwambiri yomwe tidagwirirapo ntchito, tinkayenera kukonza nthawi yozizirira pakati pa opareshoni komanso kugwiritsa ntchito choziziritsira chowongolera kutentha kuti gawolo likhale mkati mwa madigiri seshasi ochepa. Kulipiritsa kwamafuta a makina kumatha kuchita zambiri.
Kusankha zida ndi kasamalidwe ndi dzenje lina la akalulu. Kugwiritsa ntchito mphero yomaliza ya carbide pomaliza chitsulo cholimba chachitsulo sikungakupangitseni kumaliza kapena kukhala ndi moyo wautali. Tinayamba kugwiritsa ntchito zida zokutira za diamondi pazinthu zopanda chitsulo komanso zoyikapo za geometry pomaliza zitsulo. Koma sikuti kungogula chida chabwino kwambiri. Ndi za kuyang'anira zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito munthawi yeniyeni, mwina kudzera mumayendedwe a probe kapena kuyang'anira phokoso ndi kuwunika. Chida chowonongeka sichimangotulutsa mapeto oipa; imakankhira zinthu, kupanga zolakwika zamagulu. Anu CNC Machining ntchito protocol iyenera kukhala ndi moyo wa chida chokhazikika komanso mayendedwe owunikira.
Ndiye pali metrology. Simunganene zolondola popanda kuzitsimikizira. Kukhala ndi CMM ndikwabwino kuti muwunikenso komaliza, koma kutsimikizira mwatsatanetsatane ndikofunikira. Ma probes okhudza pamakina ndi ofunikira kwambiri pakuwunika zinthu zovuta mukatha kuzikonza, zomwe zimalola kuti pakhale zovuta zapakatikati. Koma kumbukirani, kubwereza kwa probe ndi kulondola kwa makina a geometric ndi zinthu zosiyana. Tinaphunzira izi movutikira pagulu la mbale zolumikizira. Kafukufukuyu adati bowolo linali langwiro, koma CMM idawonetsa cholakwika chozungulira pang'ono. Vutoli linali kuchepa pang'ono mu axis yozungulira yomwe kafukufukuyu sanathe kuzindikira. Tsopano, timagwiritsa ntchito kafukufukuyu pofufuza malo ndi kudalira CMM kuti ipeze chiphaso cholondola. Ndizokhudza kugwiritsa ntchito chida choyenera pagawo lotsimikizira.
Nkhani Yofunika Kwambiri: Nyumba Yosavuta Yokhala Ndi Bearing
Ndikufuna kugawa gawo lomwe likuwoneka ngati lachikale: nyumba yonyamula pompo yothamanga kwambiri. Zolembazo zimafuna kulolerana kwa H7, kutsirizika kwapadera, ndi mawonekedwe a nkhope yokwera. Zinthu zake zinali zachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chowirikiza—cholimba ndi chingamu. Kuyesera koyamba, kugwiritsa ntchito chibwano-nsagwada zitatu ndikukonza chilichonse pakukhazikitsa kumodzi, kudalephera cheke cha perpendicularity. Mphamvu yokhotakhota idasokoneza gawo la mipanda yopyapyala.
Tinakonzanso ndondomekoyi. Opaleshoni yoyamba: makina nkhope yokwezera ndi mainchesi omwe ali kumbuyo kwawo ndikukhazikitsa kumodzi, ndikupanga zolembera zabwino. Opaleshoni yachiwiri: tembenuzirani gawolo ndikumangirira pogwiritsa ntchito mandrel achizolowezi omwe amalowetsa m'mimba mwake, kukakamiza zigawo zolimba zokha, ndikusiya malo obowola aulere. Izi zinathetsa kupotoza. Chifukwa choboola chokha, sitinangochiwerengeranso. Tidagwiritsa ntchito bala yotopetsa yokhala ndi mutu wowongolera bwino, kutenga magawo awiri a masika kuti ayankhe pa kukakamiza kwa zida zilizonse zotsalira. Choziziriracho chinasinthidwa kukhala njira yothirira kwambiri kuti ipititse patsogolo kutha pa gummy.
Chotsatira chinali gawo lokhazikika, lokhazikika. Koma gawo lautumiki linali zolemba zomwe tidapereka - pepala lokhazikitsira ndi lipoti loyendera lomwe likuwonetsa ndendende momwe tazikwaniritsa. Kuwonekera uku kumasintha ntchito imodzi kukhala mgwirizano wodalirika. Ndi kuya uku kwa uinjiniya wa njira komwe kumatanthawuza chowonadi mkulu mwatsatanetsatane makina wothandizira, osati malo ogulitsa ntchito omwe ali ndi makina abwino.
Pamene Kulondola Kwambiri Sili Yankho
Izi zitha kumveka ngati zosemphana, koma gawo lalikulu popereka mautumikiwa ndikudziwa nthawi yoti uwalangize motsutsana nawo. Sikuti mbali iliyonse iyenera kusungidwa mpaka ± 0.01mm. Kufotokozera mochulukira mtengo wa ma drive ndi nthawi yotsogolera mokulirapo. Wothandizirana nawo wabwino aziwunikanso kapangidwe kake ka kupanga (DFM) ndikufunsa kuti: Kodi gawoli limagwira ntchito bwanji? Kodi utali wozungulirawu uyenera kukhala mbiri yeniyeni, kapena ndi yongololedwa? Ndasungira makasitomala ndalama zochulukirapo popereka lingaliro la kukula kobowola m'malo mwa dzenje lokhazikika, kapena kulolerana kwamalonda pazinthu zosafunikira, ndikuyang'ana bajeti yolondola pazinthu ziwiri kapena zitatu zomwe zimafunikira kuti zigwire ntchito.
Apa ndipamene kupanga kophatikizana kumathandiza. Ku QSY, ndi chipolopolo chawo komanso luso lopangira ndalama, amatha kulangiza kupanga mawonekedwe pafupi ndi ukonde, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa CNC makina zofunika kukwaniritsa kulondola komaliza. Iyi ndi njira yochepetsera ndalama komanso nthawi zina yapamwamba kuposa kupanga chilichonse kuchokera ku block block. Ndi mawonekedwe athunthu a gawo la moyo.
Kulephera ndi mphunzitsi. M'mbuyomu, tidayamba ntchito yopanga sensor mount mu aluminiyamu. Mbaliyi inali ndi nthiti zozama komanso zowonda. Tidathamangitsa kulondola pamabowo omangika, koma tidanyalanyaza kuganizira dongosolo la magwiridwe antchito. Tinapanga nthiti pomaliza, ndipo kutulutsidwa kwa kupsinjika kwa zinthu kunapangitsa kuti gawo lonselo ligwedezeke pang'ono, ndikuponyera bowolo. Kodi tikuphunzirapo chiyani? Nthawi zina, muyenera kupanga makina osalimba kwambiri poyamba, kapena kuphatikiza njira zochepetsera nkhawa. Kulondola ndikutsatana, osati kopita.
The Human Element in Digital process
Pomaliza, tisaiwale wopanga mapulogalamu ndi wogwiritsa ntchito. Mapulogalamu apamwamba kwambiri a CAM amatha kupanga kachidindo koyenera, koma sangathe kutengera luso la wodziwa makina. Chidziwitso chimenecho chimakuwuzani kuti muyandikire ngodya yakuthwa yamkati ndi njira ina yopewera macheza a zida, kapena kusintha kuchuluka kwa chakudya chifukwa mawu odulidwawo siwolondola. Kudziwa mwakachetechete kumeneku ndi komwe kumatsekereza kusiyana pakati pa kapangidwe ka digito ndi gawo lakuthupi.
Maphunziro ndi kupitiriza ndizofunikira. Munthu wokhazikitsa ayenera kumvetsetsa chifukwa chake kuseri kwa pepala la ndondomekoyi. Chifukwa chiyani gawolo latsekeredwa pano osati apo? N'chifukwa chiyani dongosolo lazida ili latchulidwa? Akamvetsetsa cholingacho, amatha kuwongolera bwino komanso kuwongolera. Chikhalidwe chothetsera vutoli ndi chomwe chimalekanitsa anthu ogwira ntchito zaluso kuchokera ku batani-pushers.
Pomaliza, mkulu mwatsatanetsatane CNC Machining ntchito ndi lonjezo la kulosera ndi khalidwe. Ndilolonjezano lomangidwa pazigawo zitatu: zida zokhoza (makina, zida, metrology), chidziwitso chakuya (zida, kutsata, kukonza), komanso ukadaulo wa anthu. Ndi kuphatikiza kwa zigawo izi, monga momwe zimawonekera m'ntchito zophatikizika, zomwe zimakwaniritsa lonjezolo. Simatsenga; Ndi ntchito yosamala, nthawi zina yokhumudwitsa, yokhazikika mwatsatanetsatane. Ndipo zikabwera palimodzi, ndipamene mumapeza magawo omwe samangokumana ndi pepala, koma amachita mosalakwitsa mudziko lenileni.
