Mukamva 'njira yodabwitsa yopangira ndalama,' malingaliro ambiri amalumphira molunjika ku 'zigawo zovuta' kapena 'njira yotayika ya sera.' Izi sizolakwika, koma ndi poyambira pomwe nthawi zambiri zimabisa zenizeni zenizeni. Nkhani yeniyeni sikungokhudza kupeza makoma ochepa kapena mfundo zabwino; ndi za kukambirana kosalekeza pakati pa zokhumba za mapangidwe, khalidwe lazachuma, ndi kuthekera kwachuma. Mapepala ambiri amalonjeza mwezi, koma zenizeni pansi pa sitolo ndizofanana ndi makulidwe a zipolopolo, njira zolowera, ndi mphamvu zamagetsi. Ndizochepa zamatsenga komanso zambiri zokhudzana ndi kunyengerera kolamulidwa.
Masewera a Zipolopolo: Zoposa Nkhungu Yokha
Chigoba ndi kumene nkhondoyo nthawi zambiri imapambana kapena kutayika. Sichithunzithunzi chabe cha gawolo; ndi mawonekedwe, kutentha, ndi mankhwala. Timakamba za ceramic slurries ndi stucco, koma mdierekezi ali mu kuyanika mkombero ndi chinyezi yozungulira. Ndawona gulu lina langwiro kuponya ndalama matupi a ma valve amasweka chifukwa chinyezi cha chipinda chowumitsira chinakwera 10% usiku wonse. Chigobacho chinkawoneka bwino, koma kupanikizika kobisika kunalipo, kuyembekezera kusweka panthawi ya sera. Ndiwo mtundu wa zinthu zomwe mumaphunzira powononga zinthu zamtengo wapatali za madola mazana angapo, osati kuchokera m'buku.
Apa ndipamene zinachitikira ntchito yaitali, monga 30-kuphatikiza zaka kuseri kwa kampani monga Malingaliro a kampani Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd., amakhala chogwirika. Sikuti kukhala ndi zida; ndi za kukhala ndi chidziwitso chokhazikika cha momwe kusiyanasiyana kwa nyengo, ngakhale nyengo, kumakhudzira slurry viscosity ndi kuyanika kinetics. Cholinga chawo pa chipolopolo nkhungu kuponyera monga luso pachimake pambali kuponya ndalama amalankhula ndi kumvetsetsa kuti chilango chopanga nkhungu ndicho maziko. Simungathe kuwalekanitsa awiriwo.
Ndipo zipangizo ndizofunikira kwambiri. Kuthira aloyi wopangidwa ndi cobalt mu chipolopolo chopangidwa kuti zisapangitse zosapanga dzimbiri ndi njira yopangira chipolopolo komanso kuipitsidwa kwapamtunda. Ma coefficients owonjezera kutentha ayenera kufananizidwa. Kwa ma aloyi a nickel apamwamba, nthawi zambiri timasinthira kumalaya apadera opangidwa ndi zirconia kuti tipewe kutha kwa peel ya lalanje. Ndi tsatanetsatane, koma ndi tsatanetsatane yemwe amasankha ngati turbine blade idutsa NDT kapena kutayidwa.
Kulondola ndi Njira, Osati Lonjezo
'Kulondola kwambiri' ndiye malonda omwe amapezeka paliponse. Chowonadi ndi chakuti, kulondola mkati intricist Investment casting ndi zotsatira za kuchepa kwa zosinthika zoyendetsedwa. Zimayamba ndi ndondomeko ya sera. Ngati jekeseniyo siikwanira bwino, kapena kutentha kwa sera ndi kukakamiza sikunayimbidwe, mukubwereza zolakwikazo motsatira njira iliyonse. Ndimakumbukira pulojekiti ya chida chopangira opaleshoni pomwe tidathamangitsa kulolerana kwa ± 0.1mm pa bore yovuta. The kuponya ndalama ndondomeko inachitikira, koma chitsanzo cha sera, choperekedwa ndi gulu lachitatu, chinali ndi kalembedwe kakang'ono, kosagwirizana. Tinakhala kwa milungu ingapo tikukonza makinawo tisanabwererenso kukakonzanso chida cha sera. Kuponya kumangokulitsa zomwe mumapereka.
Ichi ndichifukwa chake kuphatikiza kwa CNC makina sichingakambirane mwatsatanetsatane. Kuponya kumakufikitsani 95% pamenepo, nthawi zambiri ndi tsatanetsatane wodabwitsa. Koma 5% yomalizayo - malo ovuta kwambiri, ulusi, nkhope zosindikizira - imafuna makina. Sitolo yomwe imapereka zonse pansi pa denga limodzi, monga QSY, sikungowonjezera ntchito; iwo akuwongolera mndandanda wonse wamtengo wapatali. Katswiri wamakina amamvetsetsa kutsika komwe kungachitike ndikusokonekera, ndipo amatha kukonza CNC kuti iyeretse m'malo modula mwakhungu. Imachepetsa kuyanjana kwa gehena ndipo, koposa zonse, imalepheretsa masewera olakwa pakati pa ma dipatimenti oponya ndi makina pomwe gawo latha.
Mayendedwe a post-casting ndipamene kulolerana kwamalingaliro ambiri kumakumana ndi zenizeni. Chithandizo cha kutentha kwa kuchepetsa nkhawa chingathe kupotoza mbali. Kodi ndondomeko yanu imawerengera zimenezo? Kodi mumayikonza panthawi yamankhwala? Kapena mukukonzekera opareshoni yowongoka? Awa si mafunso amaphunziro. Panyumba yapampu yomwe tidapanga mu duplex zosapanga dzimbiri, tidayenera kupanga mawonekedwe okhazikika kuti azitha kukhazikika bwino. Popanda izi, makina otsatila akadakhala zosatheka popanda kutaya makulidwe a khoma.
Equation ya Alloy: Kusankha Nkhondo Yoyenera
Kusankha kwazinthu nthawi zambiri kumayendetsedwa ndi malo ogwiritsira ntchito mapeto-kuwonongeka, kutentha, kuvala. Koma kuchokera ku mawonedwe oponya, banja lililonse la alloy limamenyana mosiyana. Kuponya chitsulo ndi carbon zitsulo ndi okhululuka ndithu; amadya bwino, amakhala ndi kuchepa kodziwikiratu. Zovuta zomwe zili nawo ndikupewa kuphatikizika kwakukulu komanso kukhala omveka bwino m'magawo okhuthala.
Zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, makamaka magiredi austenitic ngati 316, ndi chilombo chosiyana. Amakhala ndi nthawi yayitali yoziziritsa, yomwe ndi yabwino kudyetsa koma amakonda kutsika pang'ono (porosity) komanso kung'ambika kotentha ngati polowera ndi kukwera kwake sikunapangidwe bwino. Simungangokulitsa chitsanzo chachitsulo cha kaboni kuti chikhale chosapanga dzimbiri ndikuyembekeza kupambana. Njira yolimba ndiyosiyana kwambiri.
Ndiye mumalowa m'malo opangira ma alloys apadera - opangidwa ndi nickel ndi ma aloyi opangidwa ndi cobalt. Apa, mtengo wazinthu ndi wokwera kwambiri kotero kuti zidutswa zilizonse zimapweteka. Nthawi zambiri amaponyedwa pansi pa vacuum kapena mlengalenga woyendetsedwa kuti ateteze makutidwe ndi okosijeni azinthu zogwira ntchito monga aluminiyamu ndi titaniyamu. Madzi amatha kukhala ochepa, kotero zigawo ziyenera kukhala zokhuthala. Malo awo osungunuka kwambiri amafunikira machitidwe olimba a zipolopolo. Kugwira ntchito ndi zinthu izi ndizochepa pakupanga kuchuluka kwachulukidwe komanso zambiri zakuchita njira yabwino, nthawi zambiri imodzi, yopangira njira. Ndiko komwe kuwongolera machitidwe kumapereka zopindulitsa kwambiri. Kuthekera kwamakampani ndi ma aloyi awa, monga zikuwonekera pagawo la QSY pamalo awo tsngtaocnc.com, ndi chizindikiro cha kukhwima kwawo, osati mndandanda wazinthu zomwe agwira.
Zinthu Zikavuta: Maganizo Osokoneza
Kusanthula kulephera ndi gawo lophunzitsa kwambiri la ntchito. Mbali ina imatuluka ndi chilema cha pamwamba, chobowola, kapena chong'ambika. Zomwe zimachitika nthawi yomweyo ndikuwongolera kutentha kothira kapena chipolopolo chizitentha. Nthawi zina izo zimagwira ntchito. Nthawi zambiri, ndi hering'i wofiira.
Ndimakumbukira zojambula zingapo za zida zapamadzi zomwe nthawi zonse zimawoneka zotsekera zoziziritsa pa flange yopyapyala. Timawonjezera kutentha kwa kutentha, komwe kumathandizira pang'ono koma kukulitsa kukula kwa tirigu ndikuwonjezera mphamvu zamakina. Nkhani yeniyeni inayambika ku ma geting system. Chitsulocho chinali kuyenda kutali kwambiri ndi kutaya kutentha kwambiri chisanadzaze flange yotsirizayo. Tinakonzanso wothamanga kuti apereke zitsulo zotentha kwambiri kudera limenelo, kuwonjezera madzi pang'ono, ndipo vutoli linatha popanda kusokoneza zitsulo. Phunziro: yankho nthawi zambiri limakhala mu geometry ya njira yachitsulo yamadzimadzi, osati gawo lokhalokha.
Chinthu chinanso chodziwika bwino ndikuzindikira porosity. Kodi ndi mpweya wotuluka mu chipolopolo chonyowa kapena mpweya wotsekeka? Kapena ndi shrinkage porosity chifukwa cha kudya kosakwanira? Gasi porosity imakhala yozungulira komanso yonyezimira mkati. Shrinkage imakhala ya dendritic komanso yosakhazikika. Mmodzi amafuna bwino chipolopolo kuphika kuphika kapena dewaxing ulamuliro; chinacho chimafuna kukwera kwakukulu kapena kuzizira. Kulakwitsa kumatanthauza kuti mukukonza vuto lomwe silinakhalepo kwa miyezi ingapo.
Chowonadi Chophatikiza: Kuchokera ku CAD kupita ku Crate
Masiku ano, ogwira mtima kwambiri intricist Investment casting si ntchito yodziyimira yokha. Ndi payipi ya digito kupita ku thupi. Zimayamba ndi mayankho a DFM (Design for Manufacturability) pamtundu wa 3D. Kodi tingathe kuzilemba? Kodi tingadyetse? Kodi zipata ndi zolowera timayika kuti? Ntchito yogwirira ntchito limodzi iyi imapulumutsa ndalama zotsika mtengo.
Chitsanzo palokha nthawi zambiri 3D kusindikizidwa mu utomoni kapena sera ngati zipangizo prototypes kapena mabuku otsika. Izi zimadutsa zida zachikhalidwe, koma zimabweretsa zovuta zake ndi zotsalira zowotcha komanso kusweka kwa zipolopolo. Ndi chida chodabwitsa, koma ndi njira ina yosinthira kuti igwire bwino, osati chipolopolo chasiliva.
Pomaliza, zonse zimabwereranso kutsimikizira. Kuwunika kwa CMM, kuyesa kwa radiographic, kuyesa kukakamiza. Gawo loponyedwa liyenera kutsimikiziridwa motsutsana ndi cholinga chake chogwira ntchito. Deta yotsekedwayi ndi yomwe imalola kuti maziko asamangopanga zigawo, koma kuti apange zigawo zodalirika. Ndiko kuwongolera komaliza-kuchokera kusankha aloyi ndi chipolopolo nkhungu kuponyera kudzera kuponya ndalama ndi post-casting CNC makina-zimene zimatanthawuza wothandizira wokhoza. Chimasandutsa chojambula kukhala chinthu chogwira ntchito, chodalirika chokhala mu crate, kukonzekera msonkhano wake womaliza. Ndiwo mathero osasangalatsa, otheka a zovuta zonse izi.
