Makasitomala akamafunsa za mtengo woponyera mchenga, chinthu choyamba chomwe ndimawauza ndikuyiwala mtengo wa kilogalamu yomwe mwina adawona pa intaneti. Ndiwo msampha waukulu kwambiri. Mtengo weniweniwo si kulemera kokha kwachitsulo; ndi zonse zomwe zimachitika chitsulo chosungunula chisanakhudze mchenga. Ndakhala zaka zambiri m'ma foundries, ndipo mapepala omwe amabwera pa desiki yanga nthawi zambiri amaphonya madalaivala obisika. Sikuti ndikupeza zotsika mtengo, koma kumvetsetsa zomwe mukulipira. Tiyeni tizidule kuchokera pateni kupita mmwamba.
Kumene Ndalama Imapita: Zimayamba ndi Chitsanzo
Aliyense amayang'ana kwambiri zakuthupi - chitsulo choponyedwa, chitsulo cha ductile, chitsulo. Koma mtengo wamtunduwu ndiwowononga bajeti, makamaka pamathamanga otsika. Chitsanzo chosavuta chamatabwa cha nyumba ya zida zamtundu umodzi? Mwina zotheka. Koma ngati mukufuna kukhazikika kwa magawo 500, mukuyang'ana chitsulo chopangidwa ndi makina. Kumeneko ndi ndalama zisanu musanapange gawo limodzi. Chisankho apa chimayang'ana chilichonse: mtundu wa nkhungu, ma angles olembera, kuthekera kocheperako. Pezani njira yolakwika, ndipo mtengo wa unit wanu ukukwera chifukwa cha kuwongolera pamanja komwe kumafunikira pakusewera kulikonse. Ndawonapo mapulojekiti omwe mtengo wake wapateni udaposa mtengo wonse woponyedwa pagulu loyamba. Ndi ndalama zomwe zimayenera kulipidwa, ndipo si onse ogulitsa omwe amawonekera pa izi.
Ndiye pali core boxes. Ngati gawo lanu lili ndi zibowo zamkati, muyenera ma cores. Chigawo chilichonse chimafunikira bokosi lake kuti lipange mawonekedwe a mchenga. Zovuta zambiri = mabokosi ambiri = zida zam'tsogolo. Apa ndi pamene ntchito ndi odziwa bwenzi ngati Malingaliro a kampani Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. zimapangitsa kusiyana. Ndi zaka zawo 30 akusewera, amadziwa kupanga mapangidwe ndi mabokosi oyambira kuti athe kupanga, nthawi zambiri akuwonetsa zosintha zazing'ono zomwe zimachepetsa kwambiri zovuta za zida popanda kusokoneza ntchito. Ndi mainjiniya akutsogolo awa omwe amawongolera kumbuyo mtengo woponya mchenga.
Zinthu zapatani zimafunikanso. Kwa nthawi yayitali, chitsulo ndi njira yokhayo. Koma nthawi ina ndinakankhira chitsanzo cha epoxy cha matupi amagetsi osapanga dzimbiri, ndikuganiza kuti tipulumutsa. Kusuntha koyipa. Kutentha ndi kuphulika kwa mchenga wa silika kunavala ndondomekoyi pofika zaka 100, zomwe zinayambitsa kusintha komwe kunapangitsa kuti atayidwe. Zomwe zimaganiziridwa kuti zopulumutsa zinathetsedwa ndi kukanidwa. Kodi tikuphunzirapo chiyani? Osatsika mtengo pa tooling. Chitsanzo ndiye maziko a mtengo wanu wonse.
Olakwa Obisika: Zokolola ndi Kumaliza
Zokolola ndi chinsinsi chonyansa cha mtengo woponya mchenga. Mumayitanitsa 100 kg ya castings, koma muyenera kuthira 150 kg yachitsulo chosungunuka. Chifukwa chiyani? Dongosolo la gating ndi zokwera - njira zomwe zimadyetsa zitsulo mu nkhungu - ndi gawo la kulemera kwake koma zimadulidwa ndikusinthidwanso. Zokolola ndi kuchuluka kwa kulemera kwake komwe kumakhala gawo lomaliza lotumizidwa. Mbali yovuta, yokhala ndi mipanda yopyapyala imatha kukhala ndi zokolola za 50% kapena kuchepera. Chifukwa chake, ndalama zanu zakuthupi ndizowirikiza kawiri. Othandizira omwe ali ndi vuto lowongolera njira amakhala ndi zokolola zochepa, ndipo mumalipira zowonongazo.
Apa ndi pamene ukatswiri wa ndondomeko umalekanitsa masitolo. Malo opangira ma geting ndikugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu oyerekeza amatha kutulutsa zokolola zambiri. Ndikukumbukira pulojekiti ya bulaketi yayikulu yoyika chitsulo ku QSY. Mainjiniya awo adakonzanso mageti, kusuntha kuchoka pachipata chapamwamba kupita kumalo olamulidwa odzaza pansi. Idachulukitsa zokolola kuchokera pa 58% mpaka 72%. Kusintha kumodzi kokhako kunagwetsa mtengo woponya mchenga pafupifupi 8% kumbali ya zinthu yokha. Simatsenga; umagwiritsidwa ntchito zitsulo ndi mphamvu zamadzimadzi.
Kenako akubwera kumaliza. Zingati CNC makina chofunika? Kuponya mchenga kumakupatsani mawonekedwe apafupi, koma malo ovuta nthawi zonse amafunikira makina. Millimeter iliyonse ya katundu yomwe mumasiya kukakonza ndi chitsulo chowonjezera chomwe mudalipira kuti muponye, ndiye kuti mumalipira nthawi yowonjezereka kuti mudule. Ndakangana ndi opanga kwa maola ambiri ndikuwonjezera 1mm machining allowance pankhope yosafunikira motsutsana ndi kutsiriza monga kuponyedwa. Kuti 1mm kudutsa dera lalikulu kumawonjezera kulemera, kumachepetsa zokolola, ndikuwonjezera nthawi yopangira makina. Ndi kuchepa kwa ndalama. Njira yabwino ndikusankha malo ogwirira ntchito okha ngati malo opangidwa ndi makina. Lolani kuyimba kukhale kuyimba kwina kulikonse.
Volume ndi Geometry: Ubale Wopanda Linear
Mtengo suli wofanana ndi voliyumu. Zidutswa 100 zoyamba ndizokwera mtengo kwambiri chifukwa zimanyamula katundu wathunthu wapateni ndi khwekhwe. Mtengo wopindika umatsika kwambiri pambuyo pa zidutswa mazana angapo, chifukwa mukungolipira ndalama zosinthika monga chitsulo, mphamvu, ndi ntchito yowumba. Koma pali thanthwe lina: geometry. Mawonekedwe osavuta, otsekeka ndi otsika mtengo kuumba ndi pachimake. Onjezani mulu wa nthiti zamkati, makoma opyapyala oyandikana ndi zigawo zokhuthala, kapena kulolerana kolimba pamiyeso yoponyedwa, ndipo mukufunsa vuto.
Zigawo zokhuthala zimaziziritsa pang'onopang'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale porosity. Zigawo zowonda zimazizira msanga. Ikani izo palimodzi, ndipo mumapanga malo opsinjika maganizo ndi misozi yotentha. Choyambiracho chiyenera kuwonjezera kuzizira (zoyika zitsulo mumchenga) kapena zokwera zapadera kuti zithetse kulimba, zomwe zimawonjezera ntchito ndi zovuta. Ndinaphunzira izi movutirapo ndi mapangidwe a nyumba ya mpope. Tidali ndi flange ya 3mm pafupi ndi abwana okwera 25mm. Kuponyedwa kunapitirira kusweka. Yankho lake linali kuwonjezera fillet ndi kusintha kwapang'onopang'ono, komwe gulu lojambula poyamba linakana chifukwa cha zokongoletsa. Tidachitabe, ming'alu idasiya, ndipo mtengo wake unatsika chifukwa chiwongola dzanja chidatsika. Nthawi zina, kupanga ndondomeko ndiyo kupulumutsa ndalama zambiri.
Uwu ndiye mtengo wa masitolo ophatikizika omwe amayang'anira zonse zoponya ndi CNC makina. Kampani ngati Mtengo wa QSY, yomwe imapereka zonsezi, ikhoza kulangiza kuyambira pachiyambi. Akhoza kunena kuti, Siyani khomalo ngati likuponyedwa, koma pangani kuti 2mm ikhale yocheperapo kuti tithe kuyimitsa bwino komanso kulolerana. Amawona ulendo wonse kuchokera ku mchenga kupita ku gawo lomaliza, kotero kuti upangiri wawo wamtengo wapatali ndi wokwanira, osati wogawanika.
Zopeka: Si Chitsulo Zonse Zomwe Zili Zofanana
Kungoti chitsulo choponyedwa ndi mawu omwe amandipangitsa kulira. Iron Gray, ductile iron, austempered ductile iron (ADI) -iliyonse ili ndi mtengo wosiyanasiyana wazinthu zopangira komanso zofunikira pakukonza. Chitsulo chachitsulo chimafuna chithandizo cha magnesium, chomwe chimawonjezera masitepe ndi mtengo. Ma aloyi apadera? Ndilo dziko lina. Mtengo wa QSY imatchula zinthu monga ma aloyi opangidwa ndi faifi tambala, omwe amatha kuwononga kuwirikiza ka 10-20 pa kilogalamu imodzi kuposa chitsulo chotuwira. Koma mtengo wokulirapo si mtengo chabe; ndi kugwira. Ma aloyiwa nthawi zambiri amafunikira kuwongolera mwamphamvu kusungunuka, mchenga wowuma wosiyanasiyana kuti upewe kuipitsidwa, komanso chithandizo chapadera cha kutentha.
Kusankha zinthu zoyenera ndi kusinthanitsa mtengo. Ndinkagwira ntchito pa mbale yopangira zida zamigodi. Choyambirira chinali chachitsulo choyera cha chromium chokana kukhumudwa kwambiri. The mtengo woponya mchenga anali mkulu, ndipo kukonza izo pambuyo pake kunali koopsa. Tinazijambula muzitsulo zochepetsetsa zokhala ndi zokutira pamwamba zolimba. Zinachita 80% komanso 50% ya ndalama zonse. Wothandizirayo anasangalala kwambiri. Udindo wa foundry ndikupereka zosankhazi, osati kungosindikiza mwachimbulimbuli.
Kuchuluka kwa zinyalala kumadaliranso zinthu. Zipangizo zowonongeka zimakhala zosavuta kusweka panthawi yogwedeza (kuchotsa mchenga) kapena kudula zipata. Mtengo wokwera kwambiri umakweza mwakachetechete mtengo wanu wogwira bwino pagawo lililonse. Choyambitsa chodalirika chidzakhala ndi njira zokhazikika kuti izi zikhale zotsika, chifukwa chake moyo wautali mu bizinesi, monga zaka makumi atatu za QSY, nthawi zambiri zimagwirizana ndi ndalama zobisika zotsika. Iwo awona zolephera ndipo adamanga machitidwe kuti apewe.
Kupyolera pa Mawuwo: Mtengo Wonse wa Mwini
Pomaliza, zenizeni mtengo woponya mchenga ndi ndalama zonse za umwini. Kuponya kotsika mtengo komwe kumalephera m'munda kapena kumayambitsa kukonzanso kwa milungu ingapo mu shopu yamakina anu ndiye gawo lokwera mtengo kwambiri lomwe mungagule. Kusasinthasintha ndikofunikira. Kodi kuponya kwa 500 kudzafanana ndi koyamba? Kusintha kwa dimensional kumakhudza mzere wanu wophatikiza. Kuphatikizika kapena porosity kungayambitse kutayikira kapena kulephera kwamapangidwe.
Apa ndipamene certification ndi ndondomeko zolembedwa zimafunikira. Satifiketi yoyenera, lipoti loyendera nkhani yoyamba, matchati owongolera kachitidwe - izi zimawonjezera kutsika kwa mtengo wagawo koma zimapulumutsa ndalama zambiri pachiwopsezo. Pazinthu zofunikira, nthawi zonse ndimapanga bajeti ya izi. Ndi inshuwaransi.
Kotero, pamene mukuyesa mtengo woponya mchenga, yang'anani kupyola mzere wapansi pa mawuwo. Funsani ndondomeko ya ndondomekoyi, funsani za zokolola zomwe zikuyembekezeka, mvetsetsani mapu omaliza, ndikusankha mnzanu amene akuwona chithunzi chonse. Cholinga si mtengo wotsika kwambiri pa chidutswa chilichonse; ndi mtengo wotsika kwambiri wa gawo lodalirika, logwira ntchito lomwe limatulutsa katundu wanu pakhomo. Ndiko kuwerengera komwe kuli kofunikira pafakitale.
