Mukamva Zithunzi za 20, nchiyani chimabwera m’maganizo? Kwa anthu ambiri, ngakhale ena ogulitsa, ndi aloyi ina ya cobalt yolimba kapena yosamva kuvala. Amayiphatikiza ndi Stellite 6 kapena 12. Ndipamene cholakwika choyamba chimachitika. Ndi chirombo chosiyana kwathunthu. Lingaliro langa loyambirira linali loti kuchuluka kwake kwa chromium ndi tungsten kunapangitsa kuti ikhale yovuta kwambiri kuti iwonongeke kwambiri. Zinatenga zolephera zenizeni zenizeni kuti mumvetsetse niche yake yeniyeni ndipamene mukufunikira kuuma, inde, komanso kulimbana kwakukulu ndi mtundu wina wa kuukira kowononga komwe kungadye magiredi ena amoyo. Si njira yapadziko lonse lapansi, ndipo kuyitenga ngati imodzi ndi njira yachangu yowotcha bajeti.
Zodzoladzola Zakuthupi ndi Chifukwa Chimene Zimanyenga Anthu
Yang'anani zomwe zimapangidwira: pafupifupi 50% Cobalt, 30% Chromium, 4.5% Tungsten, 1% Carbon. Kwa diso losaphunzitsidwa, limamveka ngati mawonekedwe apamwamba a Stellite. Mdierekezi ali muyeso ndi zinthu zazing'ono. Mlingo wa Cr ndiwokwera kwambiri pamndandandawu. Imakankhira aloyi kumalo komwe kusinthasintha kwake mu ma oxidizing acids kumasintha. Ndikukumbukira pulojekiti yopangira pampu yamankhwala pomwe cholembacho chinangonena kuti cobalt alloy yovala ndi ntchito zamankhwala. Wopangayo adapita ndi zokutira zokhazikika za Stellite 6. Zinatenga pafupifupi miyezi itatu kuti kumenyetsa kuchitike m'malo a nitric acid. Kuwunika kwa post-mortem kwatilozera Zithunzi za 20. Chinsinsi sichinali kuuma kokha; chinali chowundanacho, chodzaza ndi chromium oxide chomwe chimapanga ndikusunga pansi pamikhalidwe imeneyo.
Apa ndipamene ma tchati osankha zinthu zachibadwa amalephera. Alemba mndandanda wa ma aloyi kuti awonongeke ndi kuvala, koma gawo la dzimbiri ndilosavuta. Kodi ndi sulfuric, hydrochloric, nitric, kapena slurry yokhala ndi ma chloride? Zithunzi za 20 imawala mu oxidizing media. Mu kuchepetsa zidulo? Osati kwambiri. Muyenera kumudziwa mdani weniweni. Ndidaphunzira izi kudzera mu mayeso okwera mtengo omwe ali ndi tsamba losakaniza mu chomera cha phosphoric acid. Chilengedwecho chinali ndi ma fluoride. Tidagwiritsa ntchito Stellite 20, ndipo ngakhale idakana dzimbiri bwino kwambiri kuposa zomwe zidalipo kale, tidawona mavalidwe osayembekezeka. Ma fluoride anali kufooketsa wosanjikiza wotetezawo. Kunali kupambana pang'ono koma kunawonetsa kufunikira kwapadera kwambiri.
Kuyang'anira kwina kofala ndiko kutheka kwake mu mawonekedwe opangidwa, kapena kani, kusowa kwake. Nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa ngati chitsulo kapena ufa wowotcherera. Ngati mukuganiza kuti mupeza bar stock ndikuyisintha ngati 316 zosapanga dzimbiri, iwalani. Carbide network ndi yankhanza pazida. Timagwirizana ndi ma foundries ndi malo ogulitsa makina omwe amapeza izi. Monga Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), amene ife sourced kuponya zigawo zikuluzikulu. Iwo akhala akuponya ndi CNC makina kwa zaka zambiri, ndipo ndondomeko yawo imalemba za aloyi ngati izi nthawi zonse zimagogomezera makina owumitsidwa a boma okhala ndi makhazikitsidwe okhwima ndi zida zapadera za geometri. Si ntchito yomwe amapereka; ndi luso lochitidwa. Mutha kupeza njira yawo mwatsatanetsatane patsamba lawo https://www.tsingtaocnc.com. Iwo samangogulitsa zinthuzo; amamvetsa kupweteka mutu.
Zowona Zogwiritsira Ntchito: Kupambana ndi Zosowa Zapafupi
Ndi pati pamene ine ndaziwona izo zikugwira ntchito motsimikizika? Kuchepetsa mavavu mu ntchito ya nitric acid ndi buku lophunzirira. Osati mpando wokha, koma pulagi imayambira ndi maupangiri pomwe mumalumikizana mosalekeza mumlengalenga wotentha komanso wotsekemera. Makasitomala anali ndi vuto lopweteka komanso dzimbiri komanso zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zapamwamba. Kusintha ku Zithunzi za 20 chepetsa nthawi yothamanga yotalikirapo ndi gawo la zinayi. Koma kukhazikitsa kunali kovuta. Gawo lapansi liyenera kutenthedwa kale, kuwotcherera kumayendetsedwa kuti zisawonongeke komanso kusweka, kenako kumalizidwa. Sikunali kulowetsa m'malo; inali njira yokonzanso.
Ntchito ina yolimba ndi mitundu ina ya nozzles zopopera zaukali mankhwala slurries. Kuphatikiza kwamphamvu kwambiri kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono komanso kukhudzana ndi mankhwala kumafuna kusakanikirana kwazinthu izi. Tinkagwiritsa ntchito popanga ma nozzles mufakitale yopangira mchere yomwe imagwira ndi acidic, slurry. Miphuno yam'mbuyo ya aluminiyamu ya ceramic oxide inali ikuphulika. Ma nozzles a Stellite 20 ankavala mofanana komanso molosera, kulola kukonzekera m'malo mozimitsa mwadzidzidzi. Mtengowo unali wokwerapo, koma mtengo wa umwini wonse unatsika.
Tsopano kwatsala pang'ono kuphonya. Makina opangira mapepala ankafuna tsamba la dokotala loumitsira mpukutu, loyang'anizana ndi kutentha kwakukulu ndi ma condensate a asidi. Adaumirira pa Stellite 20 kutengera kutentha kwapa data sheet. Tinkakayikira za kutopa kwamafuta. Tsambali linapangidwa, kuikidwa, ndipo limagwira ntchito bwino kwa miyezi isanu ndi itatu. Kenako chinang'ambika, osati chifukwa chakuvala, koma chifukwa cha kutentha kwa njinga. Kodi tikuphunzirapo chiyani? Zithunzi za 20 ali ndi kuuma kwabwino kotentha, koma kukhathamiritsa kwake kwamafuta ndi kukulitsa kwake simatsenga. Pakugwedezeka kwa ma cyclic matenthedwe, magiredi ena a cobalt kapena ma aloyi opangidwa ndi nickel angakhale oyenera. Tidayenera kukankhira m'mbuyo kwambiri pakuwunikanso ntchito.
The Casting and Machining Hurdle
Uwu ndiye khoma lothandiza lomwe ambiri amagunda. Kupeza kuyimba kwa sound Zithunzi za 20 wopanda shrinkage porosity ndi misozi yotentha si nkhani yaing'ono. Kuchuluka kwa alloy kumakhudza fluidity ndi kulimba. Zimafunika kulowera kolondola komanso kamangidwe kokwera. Ndawonapo mbali zokongola zomalizidwa zimalephera kugwira ntchito chifukwa kabowo kakang'ono kakang'ono kamene kamakhala kokhazika mtima pansi ndikuyambitsa kusweka. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kugwira ntchito ndi maziko odziwa zambiri sikungakambirane.
Izi zimabwereranso kwa akatswiri ngati QSY. Zaka zawo 30 zakubadwa chipolopolo nkhungu kuponyera ndi kuponya ndalama kwa ma aloyi apadera amatanthauza kuti atsanulira mazana a kutentha kwazinthu zofanana. Chochitika chimenecho chimamasulira ku mapangidwe a nkhungu ndikukonza magawo omwe amapereka kukhulupirika. Pamene mukuchita zinthu zamtengo wapatali ndi mbali zovuta, simukungogula zitsulo; mukugula chidziwitso chamchitidwe cha foundry kuti chitsulocho chizigwira ntchito.
Pambuyo poponya, kukonza ndi vuto lotsatira. Monga tanenera, ndizovuta. Kupera nthawi zambiri kumakondedwa kuposa kutembenuza. Pamene mphero ya CNC ikufunika pa ma geometri ovuta, chilichonse chimakhala chofunikira: kulimba kwa makina, giredi ya carbide, chakudya ndi liwiro, kugwiritsa ntchito koziziritsa. Munthu akamacheza naye nthawi yomweyo amafika povuta kwambiri. Ndikukumbukira gulu la mbale zovala zapampu zomwe tidapanga. Sitolo yoyamba, malo ogulitsa ntchito wamba, idawononga zidutswa zitatu isanagonje. Sitolo yachiwiri, yomwe imapanga ma superalloys, idakhomera. Chinsinsi chawo? Kuthamanga kwapang'onopang'ono, kudya kwambiri pa dzino, ndi kuphulika kwa mpweya m'malo mozizira madzi osefukira kuti mupewe kutentha kwa nsonga ya carbide. Izi ndi zomwe sizinatchulidwe, zomwe zimalekanitsa kupambana ndi zinyalala.
Kupeza ndi Msampha Wofanana
Mudzawona ogulitsa akupereka Stellite 20 zofanana kapena UNS R30605. Ngakhale nambala ya UNS imayimilira, zomwe zimafanana ndizowopsa. Kusiyanasiyana pang'ono pakuchita kusungunula (air melt vs. vacuum melt), kufufuza zinthu (sulfure, phosphorous), ndi carbide morphology kungakhudze ntchito, makamaka pa dzimbiri. Kwa mavalidwe osafunikira, zofanana zitha kukhala zabwino. Pachigawo chofunikira kwambiri chamankhwala, ndingaumirire gwero lodziwika bwino, lodziwika bwino lomwe lili ndi malipoti otsimikizika a chemistry ndi makina oyesa.
Ichi ndi chifukwa china chokhazikitsidwa ndi ma chain chain. Kampani ngati QSY, yomwe imalemba ma aloyi opangidwa ndi cobalt momveka bwino muzinthu zawo zakuthupi, zakhazikitsidwa kuti zipereke kutsatiridwa. Iwo sali chabe obweza; ndi opanga omwe amafunikira zinthu zosasinthika kuti azidyetsa okha njira zawo zopangira ndi makina. Webusaiti yawo, https://www.tsingtaocnc.com, ikufotokoza zomwe ali nazo muzitsulo zapaderazi, zomwe zimasonyeza kuyanjana kwakukulu ndi gulu lazinthu kusiyana ndi wogawa zitsulo.
Msampha nthawi zonse ndi wokwera mtengo. Stellite 20 ndi okwera mtengo. Chiyeso chopeza njira yotsika mtengo ngati yabwino ndi yayikulu. Ndakakamizidwa kuti ndichite. Nthawi zina mumapeza mwayi; nthawi zambiri mumayimbiranso pakadutsa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Kusanthula kulephera nthawi zambiri kumawonetsa kutsika kwa dzimbiri kapena kuvala kosayembekezereka. Ndalama zomwe zasungidwa pa zinthu zakuthupi zimathetsedwa kuwirikiza kakhumi chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa nthawi ndi ntchito zina. Lamulo langa tsopano ndi losavuta: ngati ntchitoyo ilungamitsa Stellite 20, ndiye kuti lungamitsani kalasi yoyenera ndi wothandizira woyenerera. Ngati bajetiyo siyingatalikike mpaka pamenepo, ndiye kuti tikufunika kukonzanso ntchito yazinthu zotsika mtengo kuyambira pachiyambi, kuvomereza moyo wamfupi wautumiki.
Malingaliro Omaliza: Chida cha Katswiri
Ndiye zikutisiya kuti Zithunzi za 20? Ndi chida cha akatswiri. Sichisankho chanu choyamba cha abrasion. Sichisankho chanu choyamba cha dzimbiri koyera. Ndilo yankho kwa yopapatiza, chilango mphambano awiri, makamaka oxidizing mapangidwe. Mtengo wake ndi waukulu ukagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera, komanso kulakwitsa kokwera mtengo ngati sikunatero.
Chidziwitso sichili mu pepala lokha; zili m'mabala osonkhanitsidwa olakwika komanso kupambana kwakachete kokwanira bwino. Ndiko kumvetsetsa ulendo wonse kuchokera ku ng'anjo yamoto kupita ku mphesa yomaliza, ndi momwe sitepe iliyonse ingapangire kapena kusokoneza ntchito ya gawolo. Ndiko kusiyana pakati pa kutchula chinthu ndikuchipanga kuti chigwire ntchito m'munda.
Kwa aliyense amene angalowe mu projekiti yomwe angafunike, upangiri wanga ndi uwu: fotokozerani malo ogwirira ntchito mosamalitsa mwankhanza - mankhwala, kutentha, machitidwe amakina, mikombero. Kenako, kambiranani ndi ogulitsa zinthu zanu ndi opanga zinthu msanga. Yalani chithunzi chonse. Mnzake wabwino, yemwe ali ndi luso la nthawi yayitali popanga ndi kupanga ma aloyi achinyengo ngati gulu la QSY, adzafunsa mafunso olondola ndipo nthawi zambiri amawona misampha yomwe ingakhalepo popanga kapena kupanga chitsulo chisanatsanulidwe. Kukambirana kumeneko ndiye gawo loyamba komanso lotsika mtengo kwambiri powonetsetsa kuti Stellite 20 ikwaniritsa malonjezo ake.
