Reka tuvuge kuri 310S idafite umwanda. Nimwe mumanota atabwa hirya no hino, akenshi hamwe no kubaha nabi. Abantu bumva ubushyuhe bwinshi, okiside ikirere, bakibwira ko ari isasu ryubumaji. Ntabwo aribyo. Nibintu byiza cyane, ntunyumve nabi, ariko imikorere yacyo iterwa rwose nibidukikije kandi, cyane cyane uburyo itunganywa. Nabonye imishinga myinshi cyane aho 310S yagaragajwe hafi na rote, biganisha ku gutsindwa gutunguranye cyangwa guteganya ingengo yimari mugihe 314 cyangwa se nikel idasanzwe ya nikel ishobora kuba yarakinnye ubwenge. Nikel nyinshi hamwe na chromium (25/20 nominal) birayiha imbaraga zikomeye zo guhangana, ariko iyo miterere imwe ituma iba inyamanswa gukorana - gukomera kubikoresho, bikunda gukora cyane, hamwe ningorabahizi nyayo yo gusudira utabanje gukangurira cyangwa gukurura icyiciro cya sigma niba utitonze ukoresheje ubushyuhe hamwe no kuvura ubushyuhe nyuma ya weld. Ibi ntabwo ari ibintu byibitabo; nicyo wiga nyuma yo gukuraho ibice bike.
Isezerano rya Alloy na Machine Ukuri
Aho wumva rwose itandukaniro na 310S ibyuma bitagira umwanda ni ku musarani cyangwa urusyo. Ugereranije na 304 cyangwa 316, ni shampiyona itandukanye. Imbaraga nyinshi zishyushye bivuze ko zitoroha cyane munsi yubushyuhe bwo gukata, bityo ukarwana buri gihe. Dukoresha imirimo myinshi ya CNC hano, kandi kuri 310S, duhita tugabanya umuvuduko no kugaburira. Ntushobora kuba umunyamahane. Niba ugerageje kuyisunika nkibyuma byoroheje, uzatwika inseri muminota. Twashize kumurongo wa karbide yihariye hamwe na geometrie ityaye, nziza kandi nziza. Coolant ntishobora kuganirwaho-gukonjesha umwuzure, kandi byinshi muri byo, ntabwo ari ugukonja gusa ahubwo bifasha kumena no kwimura izo chipi zikomeye, zikomeye. Niba utubuto dutangiye kurira inyoni, urasaba kongera gutema no kurangiza hejuru yangiritse.
Ndibuka icyiciro cyamatanura yabugenewe twakoresheje kuva kuri plaque 310S. Icapiro ryahamagaye ahantu-kwihanganira ahantu hamwe no kurangiza neza. Kugerageza kwambere, twakoresheje ibipimo byakoraga kuri 316L. Igisubizo? Kuganira, kurangiza nabi, no gushiramo gutsindwa igice cyambere. Twagombaga gusubira inyuma, kongera gukora progaramu hamwe na SFM yo hasi cyane, kongera ibiryo gato kugirango tujye munsi yumurimo ukomye, kandi dukoreshe ibintu bishya, byeguriwe ibikoresho. Yongeyeho hafi 40% mugihe cyo gutunganya, umukiriya ntabwo yabanje kubyishimira, ariko nibyo cyangwa gutanga igice cyananirana muri serivisi. Gusobanura ko umushoferi wigiciro ari igice cyakazi.
Ubundi buryo bworoshye nuburyo ibintu bimeze. Inkomoko yacu 310S ibyuma bitagira umwanda akabari hamwe nisahani kuva murusyo ruzwi, ariko nubwo bimeze bityo, ubona itandukaniro. Imiterere ya Annealed ni ngombwa mugutunganya. Twigeze kwakira ibyoherejwe bigaragara ko byometseho ariko bigakorwa nkigice cyakomeye. Kugenzura ubukana byari imipaka. Kuzimya urusyo rwa annealing cycle ishobora kuba yarazimye, hasigara imihangayiko isigaye. Tugomba gukora re-anneal murugo mbere yo gukomeza, byatinze umushinga wose. Noneho, turagerageza icyitegererezo muri buri cyiciro gishya kubikorwa bito mbere yo gukora ububiko bwuzuye kumashini ya CNC. Nintambwe ntoya, itwara igihe ikiza umutwe munini.
Gutekereza Ibitekerezo: Ntabwo ari ugushonga gusa
Ibikorwa byacu byo gushinga hamwe na 310S ahanini biva mubikorwa byo gushora imari no kubumba ibishishwa kubintu bigoye, bikikijwe n'inkuta zoroshye nka burner nozzles, umuyoboro urabagirana, hamwe nuburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe. Igikorwa cyo gutara kuriyi mavuta niho imiterere yubushyuhe bwo hejuru ari inkota y'amaharakubiri. Ukeneye ubushyuhe bwo hejuru cyane bwo gusuka ugereranije nu byiciro byo hasi byo mu cyuma - akenshi usunika 1500 ° C cyangwa irenga. Ibi bisaba gusubizwa hejuru muri sisitemu yububiko. Ikoti risanzwe rya zirconia-silica ntishobora kugabanya; dukunze kuzamura kuri silika yahujwe cyangwa ivangwa rya alumina-silikate yihariye kugirango twirinde ibyuma-ibumba reaction hamwe nubusembwa bwubuso.
Gukomera biranga ni amacenga. Ifite urwego rurerure rwo gukonjesha, rukaba rufite akamaro kanini kugirango rwuzuze imiterere itoroshye ariko rutuma rushobora kwangirika gushushe hamwe na micro-porosity niba sisitemu yo kwinjira no kuzamuka idakozwe neza. Twize ibi inzira igoye kumurongo hakiri kare kumurongo wa pyrolysis. Igishushanyo cyagize impinduka zitunguranye. Ndetse hamwe nibyo twatekerezaga ko kugaburira bihagije, twabonye ibice byiza muri zone yinzibacyuho. Gukosora birimo gushushanya uburyo bwo gushyiramo inzibacyuho buhoro buhoro no gukoresha impanuka ziterwa na exothermic risers kugirango ibice byingenzi bishonge igihe kirekire, biteza imbere gukomera. Yongeyeho igiciro cyikigereranyo, ariko niyo nzira yonyine yo kubona amajwi.
Nyuma yo guta ubushyuhe bwo kuvura birakomeye rwose. As-cast 310S izaba ifite imiterere ifite amacakubiri kandi birashoboka ko icyiciro cya kabiri nka sigma niba cyakonje buhoro mubice bimwe. Igisubizo cyuzuye cyo kuvura annealing-mubisanzwe gushyuha kuri ° C bikurikirwa no kuzimya vuba (amazi cyangwa umwuka wihuse) - nibyingenzi kugirango bongere gushonga karbide na intermetallics no kugarura imiterere ya austenitis, bahuje ibitsina. Simbuka iyi ntambwe, kandi igice cy'ubushyuhe bwo hejuru cyangirika cyangirika no guhindagurika. Twagize abakiriya babaza niba bashobora gusimbuka anneal kugirango babike ikiguzi kumiterere yoroshye. Igisubizo gihora gihamye oya. Umutungo wamakuru mumpapuro zidasanzwe zifata igisubizo gikwiye-ibikoresho bifatika.
Umutego wo gusudira: Aho imishinga myiza igenda nabi
Niba hari agace kamwe katera gutsindwa cyane hamwe na 310S, ni gusudira. Nuburiganya byoroshye kubona ubwiza bwamajwi weld ifite intege nke. Ikibazo cyibanze cyane ni imvura ya karbide muri zone yibasiwe nubushyuhe (HAZ) - gukangurira. Mugihe 310S irwanya 304 bitewe na chromium yo hejuru, ntabwo irinda, cyane cyane niba ibice bizabona igihe kirekire murwego rwa 800-1000 ° F muri serivisi. Icyuma gisudira ubwacyo nacyo gikeneye kuba ntagereranywa. Hafi buri gihe dukoresha ibyuma byuzuza 310 cyangwa 310H, ariko nubwo bimeze bityo, ugomba kureba numero ya ferrite. Nubusanzwe ni zeru, bivuze ko gusudira ari austenitis byuzuye kandi bikunda guturika bishyushye niba gukumira ari byinshi.
Akarorero kerekana: twatanze urukurikirane rwa 310S rwinshi muri societe yumuriro wa okiside. Byari byiza gushora imari, byakozwe kuri spec. Amaduka yumukiriya wenyine yabasudiye mu nteko nini. Nyuma y'amezi atandatu, twabonye guhamagara: ibice byaturukaga kuva kumano. Iperereza ryerekanye guhuza ibintu: bakoresheje 309 yuzuza (ibisanzwe ariko ntabwo ari byiza kurwego rwubushyuhe bwuzuye), ubushyuhe bwa interpass bwari hejuru cyane, kandi inteko yarabujijwe cyane. Icyuma gisudira, hamwe nuburinganire bwacyo butandukanye bwo kwagura ubushyuhe hamwe nubudahangarwa buke muri leta nkuko byasudutse, ntibishobora gukemura ibibazo byumuriro mugihe cyikizamini. Igisubizo cyari uburyo bwo kongera gusudira hamwe no kugenzura byimazeyo ubushyuhe (butari hejuru cyane, gusa birahagije kugirango wirinde ubushuhe), amasaro make yinjiza amashanyarazi, hamwe nigisubizo cya nyuma anneal yinteko yose - cyari igikorwa kinini cyitanura. Byari isomo rihenze kuri bo kuberako impamvu yo gusudira (WPS) ibaho kubwimpamvu.
Kubihimbano byacu bwite, ubu dushimangira ko twujuje ibyangombwa WPS kuri buriwese 310S ibyuma bitagira umwanda gusudira hejuru yubugari runaka. Harimo kwandika ibintu byose: kuzuza ibyuma byinshi, gukingira gaze (twongeramo akantu ka helium rimwe na rimwe kugirango twinjire neza mubice binini), amperage, voltage, umuvuduko wurugendo, hamwe nibipimo byo kuvura ubushyuhe nyuma ya weld. Nimpapuro, ariko nuburyo bwonyine bwo kwemeza ko byasubirwamo kandi ukirwanaho nyuma.
Amasoko n'akamaro ko gukurikiranwa
Ntabwo 310S yose yaremewe kimwe. Itandukaniro riri hagati yurusyo rwo murwego rwo hejuru hamwe nuwagabanije kugabanura akenshi ntabwo ruri muri chimie kuri seritifika - bose bazahura na ASTM A276 cyangwa A479 - ariko muburyo buhoraho, isuku yimbere, hamwe nubwizerwe bwo kuvura ubushyuhe. Kubintu bikomeye byubushyuhe bwo hejuru, itandukaniro rito muri silicon cyangwa cerium irashobora kugira ingaruka kubipimo. Kurikirana umwanda urashobora kwihutisha kwangirika. Twashizeho umubano ninganda nke zizewe mumyaka, kandi twishyura premium kubyo. Birakwiye.
Aha niho umufatanyabikorwa wuzuye-kugenzura ibintu. Mu iduka ryacu, Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), gukora amavuta nkaya ni igice cya ADN yacu nyuma yimyaka mirongo itatu. Ntabwo turimo gukata cyangwa guterera gusa icapiro; turimo gucunga ibintu byose byubuzima kuva kumurongo wurusyo kugeza igice cyarangiye. Kuri a 310S ibyuma bitagira umwanda ibice, ibyo bivuze ko tugura ububiko bwemewe, dukora imashini ya CNC munsi yubugenzuzi, hanyuma tugaha igisubizo annealing kumaduka y itanura twagenzuye (cyangwa dukoresha ibyacu kubice bito), hanyuma amaherezo tugakora NDT nkibizamini byo gusiga irangi ahantu hose hakomeye. Uku guhuza guhagaritse-cyangwa byibuze, gucungwa neza gutambitse gutambitse-nibyo birinda ubwoko bwananiwe nasobanuye kare. Ntushobora kugura ibikoresho gusa no kubijugunya mumaduka yimashini. Ukeneye utanga isoko yumva metallurgie inyuma yamabwiriza yo gutunganya.
Ndibuka umukiriya wari ukeneye umuyoboro usimbuza urumuri rwa carburizing. Bari baguze mubihimbano rusange. Imiyoboro yananiwe imburagihe, kugabanuka no guturika. Twasesenguye igice cyatsinzwe. Chimie yari yazimye (nikel nkeya), microstructure yerekanaga imiyoboro minini ya karbide, kandi OD yari ifite amarira atunganya. Nibice bihendutse byabatwaye amahirwe mugihe cyo hasi. Twabagize igikoresho gishya kivuye neza kandi gitunganywa 310S, hamwe no kwihanganira cyane kugororoka no kubyimbye. Ubwanyuma numvise, iyo seti yarenze iyayibanjirije kubintu bitatu. Igiciro cyo hejuru cyari hejuru, ariko igiciro cyose cya nyirubwite cyari gito. Nibyo kubara kwukuri hamwe nibikoresho nkibi.
Kurangiza nta mwanzuro: Nigikoresho, ntabwo ari Talisman
Rero, ibyo ni uguta ubwonko kuri 310S. Ibyingenzi byingenzi ntabwo ari urutonde rwumutungo - urashobora kubibona mubitabo byose. Nibyo kwerekana no gukora hamwe 310S ibyuma bitagira umwanda bisaba kubaha umwihariko wacyo. Ntabwo ari igitonyanga-gisimbuza ibindi byuma bya austenitis. Agaciro kayo karafunguwe gusa nibisobanutse neza, bigenzurwa. Niba urimo gutegura ikintu kizabona serivisi zihoraho hejuru ya 1000 ° C mubidukikije bya okiside, kandi urashobora gukemura ibibazo byo guhimba, ni amahitamo meza. Ariko niba ubushyuhe bwawe bwikurikiranya cyangwa ikirere kigabanya sulfide, ushobora kuba muri 330 cyangwa agace kavanze 600. Niba kandi udafite iduka ryimashini cyangwa uruganda ruzi neza kubyitwaramo, uba ukina urusimbi.
Ibiganiro tugirana na injeniyeri ahantu nka QSY ni bike kubijyanye no kuvuga igiciro nibindi bijyanye no gusuzuma porogaramu. Ubushyuhe ntarengwa ni ubuhe? Nibizunguruka? Ikirere ni iki? Niki ubuzima buteganijwe? Noneho tuvuga inzira: guta cyangwa gutunganya ibintu byakozwe? Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe? Ni ikizamini ki? Ibyo gusubira inyuma, gusangira gukemura ibibazo, nibyo bihindura ibisobanuro ku gishushanyo mubice bikora kandi bimara. Ibikoresho ni intangiriro. Amarozi nyayo, niba ushobora kuyita, ni mubyiciro byose biza nyuma.
Birashoboka ko aricyo gitekerezo cya nyuma. Hamwe nikintu nka 310S, ntabwo rwose ugura ibyuma. Urimo kugura ubuhanga bwo kubihindura neza. Icyizere cy'uko iyo gishyizwe mu itanura cyangwa reaktor, ntuzabona umuhamagaro ufite ubwoba mu gicuku. Ayo mahoro yo mumutima aturuka kubintu bisobanutse, bidashimishije byerekana igipimo cyibiryo, imbonerahamwe ya annealing, ibiti byo gusudira, hamwe n'ibizamini bikomeye. Ntabwo ari igitsina, ariko nicyo gitandukanya itandukaniro igice cyakozwe gusa nigice cyakozwe neza.
