Iyo wunvise 'cobalt alloy', ishyirahamwe ryihuse akenshi ni ubukana bukabije nubushyuhe bwo hejuru. Ibyo ntabwo ari bibi, ariko ni intangiriro yerekana ibibazo nyabyo, bikomeye byo gukorana nayo. Inganda rimwe na rimwe zifata nk'isasu ry'amarozi, igisubizo cyo guta cyangwa kwambara. Mubunararibonye bwanjye, iyo mitekerereze iganisha ku gutsindwa bihenze. Ukuri nukuri, imyitwarire yacyo ihujwe cyane nuburyo bwihariye kandi, cyane cyane inzira zikoreshwa mugushiraho. Ntabwo ari ibikoresho gusa; ni isano hagati ya chimie nubukorikori.
Igorofa Igorofa
Reka tuganire. Hamwe na cobalt, cyane cyane amanota menshi muri chromium na tungsten nka Stellite 6 cyangwa 21, ubushyuhe bwisuka ni imbyino kumpera yicyuma. Birakonje cyane, kandi ubona ubukonje bukonje no kuzura bituzuye mubice bito. Birashyushye cyane, kandi ushobora guhura nimbuto zikabije no gutandukanya karbide, byangiza rwose imitungo wishyura. Nabonye ibice biva mubibumbano bisa neza, gusa birananirana imburagihe muri serivisi kuko imyitozo yo gushonga yari yarahagaritswe na dogere nkeya cyangwa igipimo cyo gukonja nticyagenzuwe. Nibikoresho bihana kugereranya.
Aha niho hashingiwe ibisekuru byumushinga. Amaduka ahora asuka ibyuma gusa azarwana. Ukeneye ikirere cyagenzuwe gushonga, akenshi argon cyangwa vacuum, kugirango wirinde okiside yibintu bikora nka chromium. Ndibuka umushinga mumyaka yashize aho twakuye bamwe mubakinnyi cobalt kashe ya turbine kuva muruganda rusange. Ibipimo by'ibipimo byujujwe, ariko mu kugerageza, berekanye okiside ya catastropique ku bushyuhe. Nyirabayazana? Ibimenyetso bya pisijeni mugihe cyo gusuka byateje okiside yoroheje kumupaka wingano. Igice cyashizwe mubuhanga, ariko ntigikora.
Ibi bihuye nibyo ubona kubuhanga babanye nibi bikoresho. Fata Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY). Imyaka mirongo itatu yibanda kubishishwa no gushora imari kubintu bidasanzwe ntabwo ari umurongo wo kwamamaza gusa. Kuri a cobaltSisitemu y'ibishishwa bya sisitemu (akenshi bishingiye kuri ceramic ya zirconi) hamwe na de-waxing na firing cycle birasa na microstructure ya nyuma yibikoresho. Kubona ubwo burenganzira buri gihe ni itandukaniro riri hagati yikintu nimpapuro ziremereye. Urubuga rwabo, https://www.tsingtaocnc.com, rusobanura neza akazi kabo hamwe nuruvange, kandi ni ugukusanya ubumenyi bwihariye bwibikorwa bisobanura ubushobozi, ntabwo ari urutonde rwamazina yibintu gusa.
Imashini: Aho Igitekerezo gihurira nigikoresho
Niba gukina ari kuvuka byoroshye, gutunganya ni intambara igenzurwa. Imyitozo yo kunangira akazi ya benshi cobalt ni umugani. Ntushobora kuyegera nko gutunganya ibyuma. Igikoresho cyijimye gato, igipimo cyibiryo kitari cyo, kandi wahise ukomera hejuru yubuso, bigatuma inzira ikurikira idashoboka kandi birashoboka ko waca karbide yawe. Igishishwa kigomba kuvaho nka chip ishyushye, yaka, ikomeza. Niba urimo kubona umukungugu cyangwa uduce duto, umaze gutakaza.
Gushiraho ni byose. Rigidity ntishobora kuganirwaho. Ibiganiro byose cyangwa gutandukana bizatera ibikoresho kunanirwa ako kanya. Ibi twabyize inzira igoye tugerageza gusya umwirondoro utoroshye kuntebe ya Satelite. Twakoresheje gahunda isanzwe ya CNC kubyuma, gusa kugabanya umuvuduko no kugaburira. Byari ibyago. Igikoresho cyamaze iminota, kandi hejuru yo hejuru yarashwanyaguritse. Igisubizo nticyari umuvuduko gusa; byari byuzuye byongeye gutekereza: geometrike yihariye (rake nziza, impande zikarishye), ubukonje bwumuvuduko mwinshi werekeza neza kumupaka kugirango ucunge ubushyuhe no kumena chip, hamwe ninzira yo gusya trochoidal kugirango uhore usezerana. Nuburyo bukuramo busaba ubumenyi bwiyongera.
Nagaciro kamaduka ahuriweho. Ikigo gitanga casting na CNC gutunganya munsi yinzu imwe, nka QSY, bifite inyungu ifatika kuri cobalt ibice. Abakanishi baho ntibabona amayobera, ultra-bigoye ubusa bageze kumuryango wabo. Bakunze kugira uruhare mubyiciro, bakumva igice gisigaye gihangayikishijwe no gukina, uturere twateganijwe gukomera, hamwe nibishobora kuba birimo. Uku gukomeza kwemerera inzira yogutezimbere bidashoboka mugihe cyo gutara no gutunganya bicecekeye. Gutanga ibitekerezo birataziguye: umukanishi abona agace k'ubukomezi butunguranye kandi arashobora gusubira mumushinga kugirango baganire kubisuka cyangwa ubushyuhe kuri kiriya cyiciro.
Umutego wo Guhitamo Umutego
Ntabwo ari bose cobalt Byaremwe bingana, kandi porogaramu itegeka amanota muburyo butajya bugaragara. Stellite 6 nakazi ko gukoreramo muri rusange. Stellite 12 itanga karbide murwego rwo kwambara nabi. Ariko rero ufite amanota nka Haynes 25 (L-605) cyangwa 188, agenewe cyane imbaraga zubushyuhe bwo hejuru hamwe na okiside irwanya ikirere, hamwe nibikorwa bitandukanye byo gusudira no gusudira. Kugaragaza ibitari byo ni ikosa rihenze.
Ndibuka ikibazo aho umukiriya yashimangiye gukoresha Stellite 6 kumwanya wo hejuru wubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa valve kuko bari bafite ububiko bwayo. Yakoze nabi, ibabazwa no kwambara okiside no guhindura bike. Ikibazo ntabwo cyari cyiza cyibikoresho; byari umuryango mubi utari wo kubwibyo bihuza ubushyuhe nikirere. Twahinduye kuri nikel ishingiye kuri nikel hamwe na aluminium oxyde ikora, yakemuye ikibazo. Isomo? Amavuta ya Cobalt ntabwo ari igisubizo cya monolithic kubishyushye kandi bikomeye. Matrisa yabo (yaba ikungahaye kuri cobalt cyangwa igoye cyane) hamwe na karbide imiterere isobanura icyicaro cyabo.
Aha niho ibintu bitanga isoko bigenda biba ingorabahizi. Isosiyete ikora urutonde cobalt, nikel ishingiye kuri nikel, nibindi byerekana ko twumva ko guhitamo ibikoresho ari icyemezo cyibanze. Ntabwo basunika gusa ibyo bafite; bafite ibikoresho byo kuganira niba cobalt alloy ari igisubizo cyukuri, cyangwa niba superalloy itandukanye yakora neza. Ubwo buryo bwo kugisha inama bwavutse kubwo kubona intsinzi n'ibitagenda neza mubisabwa.
Gusudira no Gusana: Ubuhanzi bwibishoboka
Gusana cyangwa kubaka bishaje cobalt ibice binyuze mu gusudira ni isi yihariye. Akenshi nuburyo buhenze cyane bwo kwagura ubuzima bwigice kinini, gihenze nkicyuma cya turbine cyangwa screw. Ariko yuzuyemo imitego. Umwanzi wibanze arimo guturika, haba gushushe mugihe cyo gukomera cyangwa guhagarika umutima biturutse kubushyuhe bukabije bwaho.
Imyitozo isanzwe nugukoresha guhuza ibyuma byuzuza ibyuma, ariko nubwo bimeze bityo, mbere yubushyuhe hamwe no kugenzura ubushyuhe bwa interpass nibyingenzi rwose. Urimo gukora cyane cyane kurema pisine. Byihuse cyane, kandi ufunga imihangayiko. Buhoro cyane, kandi zone yibasiwe nubushyuhe iba nini cyane, birashoboka guhindura ibyuma byibanze. Njye namaze amasaha menshi yo gusana gusudira kugirango habeho impimbano nini, gusa numvise ping iteye ubwoba yikigina kimaze gukonja, gusa kuberako twasibye kuvura buhoro, kugenzurwa nyuma yubushyuhe muburiri.
Gusana neza akenshi biva mubumenyi bwimiryango. Abasudira beza bakura ibyiyumvo byamazi nibara. Ntabwo arikintu ukura kurupapuro. Niyo mpamvu ibikorwa bimaze igihe byubaka ubumenyi bwinzego. Iyo isosiyete nka QSY ivuga imyaka 30 mu gukina no gutunganya, iyo ngengabihe isobanura ko babonye kandi bishoboka ko bakoze uruhare rwabo mu bikorwa byo gusana no gutunganya ibyo bikoresho byoroshye, bakusanya amategeko adasobanutse, atanditse agenga intsinzi.
Urebye Imiterere y'ibinyampeke
Ubwanyuma, kwizera a cobalt ibice bisobanura kwizera microstructure yayo. Icyemezo cyo guhuza chimie nurupapuro rwambere rwinkuru. Ibisobanuro nyabyo byanditse mubunini bw'ingano, ikwirakwizwa na morphologie ya karbide, no kubura inenge. Ugomba kubireba. Makro-etch irashobora kwerekana ibibazo byo gusuka, kugabanuka, cyangwa gufunga ubukonje. Microscopi kuri 100x cyangwa 500x irakubwira niba karbide ikomeye, idashobora kwihanganira kwambara itatanye cyangwa ikusanyirijwe mumurongo ucitse.
Nibisuzumwa byanyuma, bitaganiriweho kugenzura ubuziranenge. Twanze ibyiciro byatsinze ibipimo byose na chimique kuko metallografiya yerekanaga ivangura rikabije rya dendritic. Igice cyaba cyambaye kimwe kandi bikananirana vuba. Uru rwego rwo kugenzura ni igice cya paki mugihe ukorana nabaguzi bakomeye. Ni itandukaniro hagati yo kugura ibikoresho no kugura garanti yimikorere. Ubucucike, amajwi, microstructure - ibi nibisubizo bifatika byibikorwa byose bigenzurwa byavuzwe mbere.
Noneho, mugihe usuzuma inkomoko, shakisha ibimenyetso byubugenzuzi bwuzuye. Ntibashobora gutanga casting gusa, ariko inkuru iri inyuma yayo? Bashobora kuganira kumurongo wo kuvura ubushyuhe, igipimo cyo gukonjesha, hamwe nintego za microstructural? Ubushobozi bwo kubikora, bwavutse kuva kumyaka yibandaho nkuko bigaragara hamwe nibintu nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology, nibyo bitandukanya umucuruzi wibicuruzwa numufatanyabikorwa wukuri wo gukora kubisaba cobalt Porogaramu. Ibikoresho nibyiza gusa nkibikorwa bibikora, kuva mumazi kugeza igice cyarangiye.
