Iyo abantu benshi bumvise 'imishino yumukara wicyuma,' bashushanya ikintu kiremereye, gihenze, kandi cyoroshye. Iri ni ikosa rya mbere. Ukuri kurushijeho kuba kure, kandi kubyumva nabi kumaduka bisaba amafaranga nigihe.
Ifarashi Yakazi
Reka tubyumve neza: icyuma kijimye ntabwo cyatoranijwe kubwimbaraga zacyo. Urayikoresha kubushobozi bwayo bwo kugabanuka no kwambara birwanya. Nabonye ibishushanyo byinshi cyane aho umuntu agaragaza icyuma cyangiritse cyangwa nicyuma cyinzu cyangwa shingiro, yirukana umubare munini wimbaraga kurupapuro rwabigenewe, gusa kugirango inteko yose ihinda umushyitsi cyangwa wambare imburagihe aho uhurira. Igishushanyo cya grafite mu cyuma ni intwaro yacyo y'ibanga. Bakora nkibintu byubatswe byinyeganyeza kandi bitanga ingaruka zo gusiga. Nibikoresho byiza cyane muri compression, ntabwo ari impagarara. Niba igice cyawe kibona mbere na mbere imitwaro ikomeretsa kandi ikeneye guceceka kandi itajegajega, icyuma cyumukara nicyiza cyane, guhitamo ubukungu.
Aha niho uburambe hamwe nibikorwa byumushinga biba ingorabahizi. Igipimo cyo gukonjesha mugihe cyo gukomera kigenzura mu buryo butaziguye ingano ya grake ya flake no kugabura, nayo igena imiterere yanyuma. Igice gifite igice kinini kandi igice cyoroheje cyakonje inzira imwe izaba ifite microstructures zitandukanye. Ndibuka icyiciro cyibikoresho byimashini twashakishije mu myaka yashize byateje imbere ubukana budahuye kumuhanda uzamuka hejuru. Ikibazo ntabwo cyari icyiciro cyibikoresho; kwari ugushira ibyago hamwe nubushyuhe bwo gusuka, byatumaga gukonja mubice bimwe na grafite yoroshye mubindi. Igishushanyo cyavuze gusa Icyiciro cya 30 Icyuma Icyatsi, ariko ibyo ntibyari bihagije. Twagombaga gukorana na fondasiyo ku gishushanyo mbonera no kwinjiza sisitemu.
Ibigo bimaze imyaka mirongo mumikino yo gukina, nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), sobanukirwa ibi imbere. Hamwe nimyaka irenga 30 mugukina no gutunganya, babonye iyi mitego. Iyo ushakisha portfolio yabo kuri tsingtaocnc.com, ntabwo ureba gusa ibice byarangiye; urimo kureba inzira yimbitse. Kuri ibara ryicyuma ibice byumukanishi, ibi bivuze kumenya gushushanya ibishushanyo no kugenzura inzira kugirango ubone imiterere ikwiye ahantu heza, cyane cyane kumiterere igoye.
Imashini: Aho Ikibazo Cyukuri Kibeshya
Gukina ni kimwe cya kabiri cyinkuru. Gutunganya ibice byicyuma nubukorikori bwihariye. Umukungugu utazwi - grafite nziza nicyuma - birasebanya kandi bigera hose. Ihungabanya ubuyobozi bwimashini hamwe nudupapuro twumupira niba bidacunzwe neza hamwe no kuyungurura no gufunga. Ntushobora gukoresha ingamba zikonje nkizicyuma; ihazabu irashobora gufunga sisitemu. Ibi twabyize inzira igoye kumurimo mwinshi wo gutunganya pompe amazu. Igikoresho gisanzwe gikonjesha amazi cyahindutse akajagari kangiza kashe ya pompe mugihe cyicyumweru. Twahinduye cyane cyane, gushungura-gukonjesha-gukonjesha no kuzamura uburyo bwo kubungabunga.
Noneho hariho ibikoresho. Carbide yinjiza hamwe na geometrike ityaye, nziza ikora neza, ariko ubuzima bwibikoresho burashobora kuba butateganijwe mugihe ukubise umucanga cyangwa ahantu hakomeye kubera gukonja vuba. Ibikoresho bya PCD (polycrystalline diamant) biratangaje kurangiza ibikorwa byicyuma gisukuye, gihoraho, gitanga ubuzima budasanzwe, ariko ikiguzi cyo hejuru ni kinini. Nukubara: ingano yigice, ibisabwa hejuru kurangiza, no kwihanganira. Kubirambuye-byuzuye kurambirwa kwintebe yumubiri wa valve, twimukiye muri PCD kandi ntitwigeze dusubiza amaso inyuma - ubwishyu bwishyuye ubwabwo.
Iyi niyo mpamvu utanga isoko ihuza casting na Imashini ya CNC munsi y'inzu imwe, nkuko QSY ibikora, ifite inyungu zitandukanye. Barashobora gutegura gahunda yo gukina bakoresheje imashini. Bashobora kongeramo akantu kiyongereye mugace gakunda kugabanuka, cyangwa bagashyiraho umurongo wo gutandukana kugirango bagabanye gutunganya hejuru ya datum ikomeye. Igishushanyo mbonera cyibikorwa byo gukuraho bikuraho imitwe myinshi yumutwe ibaho mugihe cyo gutara no gutunganya bikozwe nabacuruzi batandukanye, batandukanijwe.
Ikibazo cya Alloying Ikibazo hamwe nubuvuzi bwo hejuru
Icyuma kibisi kibisi (nka ASTM Icyiciro cya 20, 30, 35) gikubiyemo 80% bya porogaramu. Ariko rimwe na rimwe ukenera byinshi. Ongeramo chromium byongera ubukana no kwambara birwanya ibice nkingoma ya feri cyangwa imirongo ya silinderi, ariko kandi bituma ibyuma birushaho gucika intege kandi bigoye kumashini. Nickel yongeyeho ifasha gutunganya igishushanyo no kunoza uburinganire nimbaraga, akenshi bikoreshwa mubice binini kugirango wirinde koroshya. Nigikorwa cyo gushyira mu gaciro.
Kandi ntushobora gukoresha na rimwe icyatsi kibisi, nkimashini zikoze imvi zicyuma muburyo bukoreshwa. Irakeneye kurindwa cyangwa kuzamurwa. Fosifatique isanzwe kubirwanya ruswa kandi nkibishingwe. Kubishobora kunyerera nka piston impeta cyangwa plaque compressor, amabati cyangwa gukomera kwa induction birashobora gutomorwa. Ndibuka umushinga wa hydraulic manifold block aho twasibye kuvura hejuru kugirango tubike ikiguzi. Ikosa rikomeye. Ingese ntoya yakozwe mugihe cyoherezwa mumahanga, hanyuma ikanduza sisitemu ya hydraulic yose mugitangira. Igiciro cyo gutsindwa cyagabanije igiciro cyintambwe yoroshye ya fosifati.
Iyo binaniwe (Kandi kuki)
Icyuma kijimye kirakubwira iyo kidashimishije. Kunanirwa kwayo mubisanzwe biroroshye kandi biragaragara. Ijwi rya kijyambere risa nicyuma - ijwi ryijimye aho kuba impeta iyo ikubiswe - ni igenzura ryihuse. Kunanirwa kwinshi mumirima nakoze iperereza byamanutse mubintu bitatu: gukoresha umutwaro uremereye cyangwa uhungabana ntabwo byigeze bigenerwa gukemura (nko gukoresha icyuma cyumuhondo cyumuhondo nka lever), ihungabana ryumuriro (ubushyuhe bwihuse, gushyuha hamwe no gukonjesha bitera ibice), cyangwa kwangirika kubidukikije.
Urubanza rumwe rwihariye rurimo inzu nini ya garebox. Yatsinze ibizamini byose byingutu ariko birananirana muri serivisi nyuma y amezi atandatu hamwe nikibazo gikomeye. Isesengura rya Metallurgical ryerekanye ko igikomere cyaturutse ku mwobo wo kugabanuka munsi yubutaka hafi yimbere yimbere - itera impagarara. Gutoranya ubwabyo byujuje amanota, ariko igishushanyo (inguni ityaye) ihujwe na ntoya, yemerewe gukina kudatungana byateje gutsindwa. Gukosora byari ibintu byoroshye ariko byingenzi byahinduwe: kongeramo radiyo yuzuye kuri iyo mfuruka mubishushanyo, ibishingwe, QSY, byashobokaga kubyakira. Yagaragaje ko kwerekana ibikoresho bidahagije; ugomba gushushanya kubikorwa byo gukina.
Niche ya Shell hamwe nishoramari mu byuma
Ibice byinshi byicyuma byumukara ni umusenyi. Ariko kubice bisaba ubuso bwiza burangiye, birushijeho kwihanganira, cyangwa bigoye cyane, geometrike yoroheje, izindi nzira ziza gukina. Igikonoshwa cyibumba, QSY itondekanya nkumwihariko, ikoresha umucanga usize amabuye kugirango ikore ifu ikomeye, ikikijwe n'inkuta. Itanga kurangiza neza no kugereranya neza kuruta umucanga wicyatsi. Tekereza ibice bito, bigoye bya moteri cyangwa umubiri wa hydraulic.
Gushora imari mubyuma ntibisanzwe bitewe nigiciro, ariko bikoreshwa mubice bidasanzwe, hafi-net-shusho yibice aho gutunganya byaba bigoye cyangwa bigasesagura. Ibisobanuro birambuye ntaho bihuriye. Ni umwihariko muburyo bwihariye, kandi kubona byashyizwe ku rutonde nuwabitanze byerekana urwego rwo hejuru rwubushobozi. Kubijyanye na sensor igoye cyane ifite ibice byimbere, guhindukira ukava mubyuma byahimbwe ugahinduka igice cyishoramari cyumushatsi wicyuma cyahujije ibice byinshi, kunoza neza, no kugabanya igihe cyo guterana, nubwo igiciro kinini cyo guterana.
Ibitekerezo Byanyuma: Kugaragaza Ubwenge
Noneho, mugihe urimo gusobanura ibara ryicyuma ibice byumukanishi, wimuke urenze icyiciro cya ASTM. Tekereza ku mikorere: gusiba, kwikuramo, kwambara. Tekereza urunigi rwo gukora: bizaterwa gute kandi bigakorwa? Vugana nuwaguhaye isoko kubijyanye nubuso bukomeye ninzira ziremereye. Umufatanyabikorwa mwiza ntazasubiramo amagambo gusa; bazabaza ibibazo bijyanye na porogaramu kandi barashobora gutanga igitekerezo cyoroshye cya tweak cyangwa inzira itandukanye nka Igikonoshwa kunoza kwizerwa cyangwa kugabanya ikiguzi cyose. Intego nugukoresha imbaraga ibikoresho byihariye, ntabwo turwanya intege nke zayo. Itandukaniro riri hagati yigice gikora gusa nigice gikora neza mumyaka mirongo.
