Iyo wunvise 'resin-coated sand casting', abantu benshi bahita bashushanya ibyo bisakuzo, ibishishwa bidafite aho bihuriye na moteri cyangwa umubiri wa valve. Ngiyo ishusho yigitabo. Ariko mu iduka, ni gake cyane usukuye. Ikigaragara ni imishyikirano ihoraho hagati yumusenyi, ibishushanyo mbonera, hamwe no kwaguka kwinshi kwumusenyi ubwawo. Abashya benshi, ndetse nabaguzi bamwe, batekereza ko ari verisiyo yumucanga wicyatsi. Iyo myumvire itari yo iganisha ku bihe bimwe bibabaza, kandi bihenze, byo kwiga.
Ubwumvikane buke: Ntabwo ari Coating gusa
Ijambo 'gutwikirwa' rirayobya. Bisobanura urwego rworoshye. Mubikorwa, resin ya fenolike cyangwa furan ntabwo ari igiceri gusa; ni matrike yose yubatswe. Igikorwa cyo gukiza - cyaba gishyushye, agasanduku gashyushye, cyangwa agasanduku gakonje - gategeka ibintu byose uhereye kumiterere yikigereranyo kugeza ihindagurika rya gaze mugihe cyo gusuka. Nabonye amaduka asimbuka ku ijanisha rya resin kugirango azigame ikiguzi, gusa ndangirizaho ibishitsi bisenyuka mugihe cyo gukora cyangwa, birushijeho kuba bibi, bitera inenge nini kumitsi. Ikibanza kiryoshye kirasobanutse, kandi gihinduka gishingiye kumavuta. Kurugero, hamwe na nikel nyinshi cyane, ugomba kwitonda cyane kubijyanye no gufata sulfure muri sisitemu zimwe na zimwe.
Aha niho uburambe bwigihe kirekire murwego rwuzuye rwa serivise. Isosiyete nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), hamwe nimyaka mirongo itatu mugukora no gutunganya, birashoboka ko yatwitse mumase n'umucanga uhagije kugirango biteze imbere. Ntabwo bagura gusa umucanga wateguwe mbere yikigega; birashoboka ko bahindura formulaire kubikorwa byihariye. Iyo umaze igihe kinini ukora, ukusanya isomero ryimpamvu-ningaruka: iyi resin hamwe nigice cyumucanga kumazu ya pompe yicyuma itagira umwanda itanga ubu buso burangiye, ariko kubwicyuma cyoroshye cyane gikingirijwe nicyuma, ukenera catalizator itandukanye nigihe cyo kwihuta.
Igishushanyo mbonera no guhumeka kumusenyi ni ikindi gikoko rwose. Kuberako ifumbire idakomeye kandi yenda gucengera ugereranije numusenyi wicyatsi, imyuka ihunga ifite inzira nke. Ntushobora kwishingikiriza kumitsi. Ibi nabyize inzira igoye hakiri kare, nashizeho sisitemu yo kwinjiza urukurikirane rw'ibyuma bya karubone. Geometrie yari yoroshye, nuko nakoresheje sisitemu isanzwe ikora. Igisubizo nticyari ikintu gikomeye, ahubwo cyakomeje, gipima neza hejuru hejuru ya casting - gaze micro-pinholing. Gukosora ntabwo byari imyanda myinshi, ariko ongera utekereze neza uburyo icyuma cyinjiye mu cyuho kugirango cyuzuze ituze ryinshi. Nibi kunanirwa byoroshye gutandukanya akazi-iduka ryinzobere.
Guhuza Ibikoresho: Aho Alloy itegeka inzira
Tuvuze ibinyobwa, iyi ni ihuriro rikomeye. Gutera umucanga ntabwo arimwe-ihuza-byose kuri buri cyuma. Irabagirana kumashanyarazi, ibyuma bidafite ingese, na cyane cyane ayo mayeri adasanzwe ya alloys QSY urutonde, nka cobalt na nikel. Kubera iki? Kuberako ifumbire itanga uburinganire buhebuje hamwe nubuso bwiza bwo kurangiza kubutaka bukoreshwa nyuma. Ariko sisitemu ya resin igomba guhitamo kugirango wirinde imiti. Gusuka ibyuma bya manganese muremure mubibumbano hamwe na chimie itari nziza ya resin yamenetse birashobora gutuma karuboni ikungahaye cyane kuruhu rwa casting, bigahindura milimetero yambere yicyuma mubutaka bukomeye, budashoboka.
Kubyuma, cyane cyane icyatsi kibisi, ninkuru itandukanye. Inzira irakora, ariko ikibazo cyubukungu kigomba kuba cyiza. Uburebure buringaniye burigihe burenze urugero kubintu byoroshye byuma aho umucanga wicyatsi wabikora. Nyamara, kubintu bigoye, bigabanijwemo ibice byicyuma bisaba neza, nkibice bimwe byimodoka, ni ngombwa. Urufunguzo ntabwo ari uguhatira inzira aho itari. Ndibuka umushinga wurukurikirane rwibikoresho bya manhole-byoroshye geometrie. Umukiriya yashimangiye kubishushanyo mbonera 'ubuziranenge'. Twabikoze, ariko ikiguzi cyibice nticyari cyumvikana. Inyungu 'ubuziranenge' ntiyagaragara. Inzira igomba guhuza igice cyibikorwa byubukungu nubukungu.
Ubuhanga bwibikoresho nicyo wakwitega kubikorwa bihagaritse. Urebye urugero rwa QSY - kuva mugikonoshwa no gushora imari kugeza kumashini ya CNC - gukoresha umusenyi usize birashoboka guhuza umurongo mururwo ruhererekane. Ntabwo bakora ibumba gusa; barimo gukora pre-form kubigo byabo byo gutunganya. Gukina bigomba kuba bifite itandukaniro rito, kugabanuka guteganijwe kugabanuka, hamwe nubuso buhoraho kugirango ibikorwa bya CNC bikurikira bikore neza kandi bidafite ubusa. Igikorwa cyo gushinga cyateguwe hamwe no kurangiza gutunganya. Urwo ni urwego rwo kwishyira hamwe ubona gusa kuva mu myaka mirongo yo gukora akazi kose.
Sekibi murambuye: Ubushyuhe, Igihe, n'imyanda
Ibintu bibiri bikora bitigera bigaragara mu gatabo: kugenzura ubushyuhe no gutunganya umucanga. Igikorwa cyo gutwikira cyumva neza ubushyuhe n'ubushyuhe. Mu iduka ritagengwa n’ikirere mu nyanja ya Qingdao, urugero, ubuhehere bwo mu mpeshyi burashobora guteza akaga igihe cyo gukira n’umusenyi utemba. Urangiza ugahindura catalizator ijanisha kumunsi, hafi kubyumva. Nubuhanzi bushyigikiwe na siyanse.
Noneho hariho umucanga wakoreshejwe - 'umucanga winyuma' cyangwa umucanga utwikwa no guhura nicyuma gishyushye. Ntushobora kujugunya kure. Gutunganya neza amashyuza ni ngombwa kubiciro byombi. Umucanga wagaruwe nabi ufite resin, char, nibihano byangiza imikorere yumucanga mushya. Niba uvanze mumucanga wagaruwe cyane utabanje kubitondekanya neza, imbaraga zawe zububiko ziragabanuka. Nasuye ibishingwe bifite ibikoresho byiza bishya byo gutwika byangijwe numurongo wo gutunganya subpar. Sisitemu yose irakomeye gusa nkumuyoboro udakomeye. Isosiyete ikuze yagize igihe - kandi birashoboka ko ari umurwa mukuru - gushora imari muri sisitemu yumucanga ifunze ikomeza guhuzagurika.
Ubundi buryo burambuye ni imyambarire. Kuberako umusenyi utera kandi ibishushanyo bikoreshwa ahantu hashyushye, gukiza, gahunda yo kubungabunga ibikoresho irakaze. Igishushanyo cyambarwa cyangwa isahani yoroheje gato ntabwo bigira ingaruka kubibumbano gusa; irashobora gutera kwiyambura kunanirwa aho igikonyo cyakize amarira. Ibi ntabwo ari amahame. Biganisha ku gihe cyo hasi, gukora intoki ku bicapo, no guta ibisigazwa. Amaduka yububiko ni ingenzi, akenshi adashyigikiwe, igice cyibikorwa byiza byigishushanyo.
Iyo binaniwe: Gusoma gukina nkinkuru
Isesengura ryananiwe niho ubumenyi nyabwo butuye. Inenge ya casting ninzira yo kwandika raporo. Numusenyi wa resin, inenge zifite umukono wihariye. Vineing, kurugero, ibyo bisa nkibishushanyo hejuru yubutaka, mubisanzwe bigaruka kumusenyi wagutse no gukomera kwububiko. Irakubwira ivanga ryumucanga rishobora kuzimya, cyangwa ubushyuhe bwambere bwubushushanyo ntibuhuye. Gutwika, igicucu cyinshi, cyahujwe n'umucanga ku cyuma, cyerekana ubushyuhe bukabije kandi birashoboka ko ibisigazwa bimeneka cyane.
Inenge yuzuye amayeri irashobora kuba ijyanye na gaze. Nkuko byavuzwe, kubera ko ifumbire idahwitse, gaze igomba guhunga ikoresheje umuyaga wabugenewe cyangwa igahatirwa gukemurwa mubyuma. Niba umuyaga wawe udahagije cyangwa ubushyuhe bwawe bwo gusuka buri hejuru cyane, ubona ubwoba. Ariko dore amayeri: gutandukanya gaze nububiko na gaze nicyuma ubwacyo (nka azote pinholing). Ikibanza, imiterere, nubuso bwimbere bwa pore nibimenyetso. Imyuka ya gazi ikunze kugaragara munsi yubutaka, irazengurutse, kandi ifite imbere, irasa imbere. Gukemura birashobora gusobanura guhindura ubwoko bwa resin, kugabanya catalizator, cyangwa kongeramo imyanda myinshi - kudahindura chimie yashonze. Ubu buhanga bwo gusuzuma ni bwiza, bwegeranijwe, uburambe bw'amaboko.
Synthesis: Impamvu yihariye namateka bifite akamaro
Noneho, kuzenguruka inyuma, ibi byose bivuze iki kumuntu ushaka isoko yizewe kuri umusenyi usize? Bisobanura kureba ibirenze urutonde rwibikoresho. Bisobanura gushakisha inzira yerekana uburebure bwokemura ibibazo. Kuramba kw'isosiyete, nk'amateka ya QSY y'imyaka 30, ni porokisi kuri ibi. Bisobanura ko barokotse umurongo wo kwiga, kubura ibikoresho, ibigeragezo byatsinzwe, kandi banonosoye inzira zabo kugeza aho kwizerwa. Bashobora kuba barabonye ubwihindurize bwa tekinoroji ya resin kuva kare, sisitemu iremereye cyane kugeza kubidukikije byangiza ibidukikije.
Itangwa ryinzira zuzuzanya-gushora imari muburyo bukomeye, CNC itunganya ibice byarangiye - nayo ivuga byinshi. Irerekana ko basobanukiwe aho ibishishwa bibumbiye mubidukikije bigari. Ntabwo ari igikoresho cyonyine, ahubwo ni ikintu cyihariye kuri porogaramu zihariye: geometrike igoye mu gusaba ibinyomoro aho ibisobanuro biturutse muri reta ya reta bigabanya ibiciro byo gutunganya ibintu hamwe ningaruka.
Mu kurangiza, guteramo umusenyi guterwa neza ntabwo ari formulaire. Byerekeranye na pratique, hafi ya intuitive, kugenzura ijana guhinduka. Nukumenya ko ikirere ejo gishobora guhindura imvange yumucanga uyumunsi, kandi ko intsinzi yikintu cyamadorari 50.000 yatunganijwe itangirana no guhitamo umufuka wamadorari 5. Nubwoko bwubuhanga bufite ishingiro, budashimishije buturuka kubikora umunsi, umunsi, mumyaka mirongo. Kandi nibyo urimo kugura rwose.
