Iyo abantu benshi bumvise 'gutunganya neza CNC gutunganya', bahita batekereza kwihanganira gukomeye, wenda ± 0.001 cyangwa byiza. Icyo ni igice cyacyo, byanze bikunze, ariko ni intangiriro, ntabwo ari umurongo wanyuma. Ikibazo nyacyo ntabwo ari ugukubita umubare gusa gushushanya rimwe; irikubita buri gihe, kumurongo numero 1 nigice numero 10,001, hejuru ya geometrike igoye nibikoresho bitababarira. Amaduka menshi avuga ko abikora, ariko ikinyuranyo hagati yo gusaba no gutanga niho imirimo nyayo-namakosa ahenze-ibera.
Urufatiro: Ntabwo ari Imashini gusa
Umuntu uwo ari we wese arashobora kugura urwego rwohejuru 5-axis urusyo. Imashini ni ikintu gisabwa, ariko ni urusobe rwibinyabuzima rugukikije rugena neza ukuri. Ndavuga kugenzura ibidukikije. Ibi twabyize inzira igoye mumyaka yashize. Ufite akazi ko gutunganya urukurikirane rwa aluminium sensor inzu, ifite umwanya wukuri wa 0.005mm. Ibice byari byiza mugitondo, ariko hagati ya saa sita, byavaga hanze. Yadutwaye icyumweru kugirango tuyisubize ubushyuhe bwububiko bwazamutseho 4 ° C gusa uhereye mugitondo gikonje. Kwiyongera k'ubushyuhe mumiterere yimashini, igice, ndetse nibikoresho byari bihagije kugirango uta ibintu byose. Nibwo twashora imari mukurwanya ikirere cyuzuye kubutaka. Nibiguzi byinshi, bidashimishije bitagaragara mubitabo byimashini, ariko ntibishobora kuganirwaho.
Noneho hariho gucunga ibikoresho. Kuri sosiyete nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), isanzwe ikora ibikoresho bikomeye nka cobalt ishingiye kuri alloys, kwambara ibikoresho ntabwo ari umurongo ugaragara; ni impinduka ugomba gutegereza no kwishyura kuri gahunda yawe. Ntushobora gukoresha igikoresho cyo kunanirwa mugihe wirukanye micron. Dushyira mubikorwa sisitemu yo kugenzura ubuzima, ariko niyo ikenera urwego rwabantu. Ijwi ryo gukata, isura ya swarf-abakanishi b'inararibonye batezimbere. Nibi bihuza inzira itajenjetse hamwe nubushishozi burambuye bikugeza hariya.
N'ibikoresho. Aha niho imirimo myinshi ijya kuruhande. Urashobora kugira spindle isobanutse neza kwisi, ariko niba igice cyimuye micron mugihe kirenze urugero, byose ni kubusa. Kubice bikikijwe n'inkuta zisanzwe mubikorwa byo gushora imari dukora, dushushanya urwego rutanga inkunga itajenjetse nta gutera impagarara cyangwa kugoreka nuburyo bwubuhanzi ubwabwo. Rimwe na rimwe, igishushanyo mbonera hamwe na prototyping icyiciro bifata igihe kirekire kuruta gahunda ya CAM.
Ibikoresho: Ikarita yo mwishyamba neza
Urupapuro rwerekana gutunganya neza CNC gutunganya akenshi irabagirana hejuru yimyitwarire yibintu. Gukorana nurwego QSY ikora-uhereye kumyuma itandukanye hamwe nicyuma kugeza kuri nikel-ishingiye kuri nikel-bivuze ko udakata ibyuma gusa; urimo gushyikirana nayo. Ibikoresho byose bifite imiterere yabyo munsi yo gukata.
Fata 17-4 PH idafite umwanda, ibintu bisanzwe bihagije. Mubisubizo byakemuwe neza, ni gummy kandi ikunda gukora-gukomera. Niba ibiryo byawe n'umuvuduko wawe byanze bikunze, ntabwo wambaye igikoresho gusa; urimo gukora ubuso bukomeye inzira ikurikira izarwana nayo, itangiza kunyeganyega no kwica neza. Ugomba kwinjira munsi yurwo rwego rukomereye akazi, ukumva urwanya-intuive mugihe ugerageza gusobanura neza. Ku rundi ruhande, gutunganya icyuma gicagaguritse kuri hydraulic manifold bisaba ubundi buryo kugirango wirinde gukata mikorobe ku nkombe, bishobora kwangiza kashe.
Ikizamini nyacyo kizana hamwe na alloys. Twakoze icyiciro cya Inconel 718 bigize turbine umwaka ushize. Guhangayikishwa cyane no guterwa ishoramari byari ngombwa. Wakagombye gufata icyambere cyiza, igice cyasa neza neza kuri CMM, hanyuma ukagihindura, ugakora imashini kurundi ruhande, ukareba mubitera ubwoba uko byagenda. Ubusobanuro bwatakaye mugihe cyo gukata, ariko nyuma yimyitwarire yimbere yagabanijwe. Igisubizo cyarimo inzira ibyiciro byinshi: inzitizi yo kugabanya ibibazo nyuma yo gukomera, hanyuma igice cya kabiri kirangiza, ikindi gihamye, hanyuma amaherezo yo gutunganya. Yongeyeho igihe nigiciro, ariko niyo nzira yonyine yo kwemeza ihame ryimiterere isabwa. Ibi ntabwo biri mubitabo bisanzwe byo gutunganya; byizwe binyuze muri itera, kandi rimwe na rimwe, gutsindwa.
Urunigi rwibikorwa: Kuva Kasting kugeza Kurangiza Igice
Uburyo bwacu bwo guhuriza hamwe kuri QSY, bukubiyemo ibishishwa byombi / gushora imari hamwe no gutunganya imashini za CNC, bitanga umwanya wihariye. Ibisobanuro nyabyo akenshi bitangira kera mbere yuko igice cyinjizwa mumashini ya CNC. Gukora igishushanyo mbonera hamwe nubunini bwurukuta rudahuye cyangwa kugabanuka imbere bizakurwanya intambwe zose mugihe cyo gutunganya, nubwo gahunda yawe yaba nziza.
Twabonye ko gufatanya naba injeniyeri bashinga kuva kuri CAD ari ngombwa. Nibijyanye no gushushanya kubikorwa byombi. Kurugero, turashobora gutanga igitekerezo cyo kongeramo udupapuro duto twibitambo kuri casting - ahantu hazajya hatunganyirizwa mugikorwa cyanyuma - kugirango tumenye ko dufite datum yuzuye, idahwitse kubyo dukora byose. Ubu buryo bwo guhuza ibikorwa bikuraho isoko nini yo guhinduka.
Indi sano ikomeye ni igenzura ryingingo ya mbere. Iyo icyiciro cya casting kije murwego rushinzwe imashini, ntidukeka gusa ko moderi ya CAD ari ubutumwa bwiza. Tuzakora 3D-gusikana icyitegererezo cyo gukora kugirango dukore icyitegererezo nyacyo. Ibi bituma abategura gahunda ya CAM bahindura inzira yinzira zabo kugirango babaze itandukaniro rito muburyo bwa casting. Nibijyanye no guhuza nukuri, ntabwo gukurikiza igitekerezo cyiza gusa. Iyi ntambwe yakijije imirimo itabarika mu gusiba mu gukumira igikoresho cyo guca ikirere kuko urukuta rwari ruto 0,5mm kurenza izina, cyangwa rugwa kuko rwari rwinshi.
Gupima neza: CMM ni Umucamanza, Ntabwo ari Umufatanyabikorwa
Ibi birashobora kumvikana, ariko kwishingikiriza gusa kuri raporo ya CMM yo gusohoka ni umutego. Guhuza Ibipimo byo gupima ni ibintu bitangaje, ibikoresho byingenzi, ariko biguha ifoto, ntabwo ari firime yuzuye. Igice kirashobora gupima neza kumeza ya granite ya CMM ariko bikananirana mumikorere. Turashaka gupima imikorere aho bishoboka hose.
Ndibuka ibintu bigoye bya valve umubiri ufite ibyambu byinshi. Raporo ya CMM yerekanye ko kwihanganira imyanya byose byari muri 0.01mm - neza muri 0.02mm. Ariko mugihe umukiriya yagerageje kuyiteranya, ibice byo gushyingiranwa ntibishobora guhuza. Ikibazo? CMM yapimaga umurongo wa bore yigenga uhereye kumiterere ya datum. Igiteranyo cyo gukusanya amakosa yiminota mike mugice cyose, software ya CMM yatunganije neza mubitekerezo, ntabwo yafashe ibyiyumvo byukuri byo guterana. Twarangije gukora ibyuma bikomeye byerekana igipimo cyigana ibice bifatika. Igice cyagombaga gukanda mukipima hamwe numutima wihariye. Icyo gipimo, ntabwo ari raporo ya CMM, cyabaye umukemurampaka wanyuma wubuziranenge.
Kurangiza Ubuso nubundi buryo bwibisobanuro bikunze kuvugwa. Igice kirashobora kuba cyuzuye ariko gifite ubuso bubi butera kwambara cyane cyangwa kubuza kashe ikwiye. Kubice bya hydraulic, tuzajya dusobanura kandi tumenye indangagaciro za Ra na Rz hejuru yikimenyetso gikomeye. Ntabwo ari ukureba gusa; bijyanye n'imikorere. Ibi bisaba guhuza neza inzira yinzira yuburyo bwibikoresho, igikoresho cyizuru cya geometrie, shyiramo urwego, hamwe na progaramu ya coolant - byose byahujwe neza kubintu byihariye bivuye mububiko bwa QSY, bwaba ibyuma byangiza cyangwa ibyuma bitagira umwanda.
Ikintu cyumuntu: Aho Algorithm ihagarara
Hanyuma, ntushobora gukoresha urubanza. Porogaramu ihanitse cyane ya CAM ntishobora kukubwira ko inzira yigikoresho runaka, nubwo ikora neza, izakora ihindagurika ryimiterere kumurongo muremure, woroshye. Ibyo biva kubakoresha cyangwa programmer wabonye bibaho mbere. Intebe-y-ipantaro ubumenyi nicyo gikemura itandukaniro riri hagati yo gutunganirwa muburyo bwa digitale nukuri kwumubiri.
Turashishikariza umuco aho abakanishi bagaburira abategura porogaramu. Icyitonderwa nko gukoresha inzira ya trochoidal hano aho kuba gahunda isanzwe yo mu mufuka, igikoresho cyaganiriweho kwiruka ni umukungugu wa zahabu. Ibi bitekerezo bisubirwamo, bikunze kwandikwa kumugenzi wakazi cyangwa kuganirwaho hejuru yikawa, nibyo bihora binonosora inzira zacu. Ihindura urutonde rwamabwiriza mubuzima, butezimbere sisitemu.
Noneho, mugihe urimo gusuzuma uwaguhaye a gutunganya neza CNC gutunganya umushinga, reba ibirenze imashini zabo. Baza uko ikirere cyifashe. Baza uburyo bayobora kwambara ibikoresho kuri superalloys. Baza urugero rwuburyo bakemuye igice cyintambara. Ibisubizo byabo bizakubwira byinshi kubushobozi bwabo nyabwo bwo gutanga ibisobanuro neza kuruta agatabo keza cyane. Ni muribi bisobanuro, bidasobanutse neza nibyo byukuri byatsinzwe cyangwa byatakaye.
