Iyo wunvise 'ifu ya metallurgie ibyuma', ishusho ihita ishobora kuba muribi bintu byuzuye, bikora cyane murwego rwoherejwe na laboratoire. Ukuri kumaduka akenshi usanga ari akajagari, hamwe nubucuruzi hagati yiyo microstructure nziza nubukungu bwubugome bwibikorwa. Ntabwo ari ugukanda gusa no gucumura; bijyanye no gucunga ibiteganijwe - byombi nibikoresho byabakiriya.
Ikinyuranyo hagati yurupapuro rwihariye nububiko
Akenshi tubona ibibazo, rimwe na rimwe binyuze mubafatanyabikorwa nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), bafite uburambe bwimbitse mugukina no gutunganya, kubaza niba igice cyakozwe binyuze mubushoramari gishobora guhindurwa ifu ya metallurgie kubiciro cyangwa imikorere. Ikibazo cya mbere ntidushobora na rimwe? ariko se? Kubikoresho bigoye bisaba imbaraga zumunaniro mwinshi, PM arashobora gutsinda. Ariko kubintu byoroheje, bikikijwe n'inkuta zubatswe, gakondo gakondo cyangwa no gutunganya ibicuruzwa byabigenewe akenshi bikomeza kuba bihendutse, cyane cyane mububiko buke. Kureshya hafi-net-shusho irakomeye, ariko igiciro cyibikoresho byibyo bikoresho bigoye bipfa birashobora kuba umwicanyi.
Ndibuka umushinga wibikoresho bya hydraulic. Igishushanyo cyerekanaga ubucucike bwa 7.4 g / cm3 kuri ifu ya metallurgie ibyuma kugirango umenye neza. Twabigezeho dukoresheje gukanda kabiri no gucumura, ariko uruzinduko rwintambara nyuma yo gucumura byari inzozi. Igice cyasaga neza kiva mu itanura, ariko ibipimo bya CMM byavuze indi nkuru. Twamaranye ibyumweru duhindura igishushanyo mbonera, cyane cyane twubaka mu kugoreka icyerekezo gitandukanye, cyunvikana rwose. Cyakoze, ariko cyongeyeho 15% mugihe cyiterambere. Nicyo giciro cyihishe-itera.
Aha niho kugira umufatanyabikorwa wimashini bidashoboka. Ndetse hamwe nibikorwa byiza bya PM, akenshi ukenera urupapuro rwanyuma rwo kwihanganira ibintu bikomeye cyangwa kurangiza. Isosiyete nka QSY, hamwe niyabo Imashini ya CNC ubuhanga, biba ngombwa. Ntushobora kubaha igice cyacumuye kandi utegereje ibitangaza; ibikoresho bitwara bitandukanye nibyuma bikozwe. Birarenze kandi birashobora kugira ubwoba. Twize kwerekana ubucucike bukomeye hamwe nubukomezi ku gishushanyo twohereza kubakanishi, ntabwo ari urwego rwa alloy gusa. Inyandiko nka irimo ibintu bisigaye, koresha ibikoresho bikarishye bikiza buriwese umutwe.
Ibintu bifatika birenze ibyuma na karubone
Ifu y'icyuma fatizo ni canvas gusa. Ubuhanzi buri mubyongeweho-ifu yabanjirije-amavuta hamwe namavuta. Gukoresha ifu ikwirakwizwa-ifu nka Distaloy, hamwe na nikel n'umuringa byabanje gushyirwamo ibice byicyuma, bitanga ibintu byinshi bahuje ibitsina nyuma yo gucumura ugereranije no kuvanga ifu yibanze. Ariko bihenze cyane. Kubisabwa kwambara cyane, turashobora kujyana nifu yambere yabugenewe irimo molybdenum, hanyuma ukongeramo umuringa na grafite kugirango imbaraga. Ikirere cyacitse kiba ingorabahizi - icyuho cyigice cyangwa amoniya yamenetse kugirango birinde decarburisation. Fata ibyo bibi, kandi ibyuma byawe bikomeye ntibizakomera.
Hariho imyumvire itari yo ivuga ko ibice bya PM ari intege nke. Ntabwo arukuri niba bikozwe neza. Binyuze mu manza zikomeye nka carboneitriding, twageze ku buso bwa 60 HRC kuri ifu ya metallurgie ibyuma ibice byo kohereza imodoka. Urufunguzo ni ukugera kubucucike buhagije mbere. Igice kiri kuri 6.8 g / cm3 kizaba gifite imikoranire ihuriweho na gaze ya carburizing kandi iganisha ku burebure bwimanza. Shyira kuri 7.2 cyangwa irenga, kandi yitwara cyane nkibikoresho bikomeye mugihe cyo kuvura ubushyuhe.
Kunanirwa inkuru: twigeze kugerageza gukora akantu gato, imbaraga-zikomeye hamwe na undercut. Igishushanyo cyasabye ko hashyirwaho undercut mugihe cyo gukanda kugirango wirinde gukora kabiri. Byasaga naho ari byiza. Ariko mugihe cyo gusohora gupfa, icyo gice cyoroshye, cyegeranye ariko kitaracumura (icyo twita igice cyicyatsi), cyacitse hafi buri gihe. Twagerageje kuvanga amavuta atandukanye mu kuvanga ifu kugirango tunonosore imigendekere kandi tugabanye ubukana, ariko guhangayikishwa cyane nubukanishi byari hejuru cyane. Tugomba guhindura igice, koroshya imiterere no kwemera imikorere ya CNC nyuma yo gukora undercut. Byari ibintu bisanzwe byo gupfobya icyo icyatsi kibisi gishobora gukora. Isomo kwari ugushushanya inzira, ntabwo guhatira inzira guhuza igishushanyo.
Iyo PM ahuye nizindi nzira
Uyu ni umwanya ushimishije. Ibigo nka QSY umwihariko muri gushora imari na Igikonoshwa. None PM irushanwa ryari, kandi ryuzura ryari? Ku mavuta azwiho kugora imashini, nka superalloys ishingiye kuri nikel, PM na casting bashoramari ni abahatana. PM irashobora gutanga imiterere myiza yintete. Ariko, kubice binini cyane (tekereza hejuru ya kg 10), gukanda nini biba bidashoboka, kandi gukina biracyiganje. Twabonye uburyo bwimvange aho PM igoye mbere yogushiramo hanyuma igahuzwa ninteko cyangwa imashini ikoresheje gushakisha cyangwa gusudira. Nibyiza, ariko bikemura ibibazo byihariye.
Kurubuga rwabo, tsingtaocnc.com, QSY itondekanya ibikoresho nka cobalt-ishingiye kuri nikel. Aba ni abakandida ba mbere kuri Minisitiri w’intebe, cyane cyane ku bice bisaba guhangana n’ubushyuhe bwo hejuru no kwambara, nkintebe za valve cyangwa ibyuma bya turbine. Inzira ya poro irashobora kugabanya imyanda yibintu kuri aya mavuta ahenze. Ikibazo ni ukubacumura utabanje kwanduza; akenshi bisaba itanura ryinshi. Igiciro cyicyo gihe cyitanura gitekwa mugiciro cyigice. Icyemezo cya matrix rero burigihe kigaruka mubunini, bigoye, nigiciro cyibikoresho.
Ndabona ibikorwa nyuma yo gucumura bishimishije. Igice cyacumuye nticyarangiye. Irashobora gukenera ubunini (ongera wongere ukande ku rupfu), kuvura amavuta ya okiside yo hejuru no gufunga byoroheje, cyangwa uburyo butandukanye bwo gusiga cyangwa gutwikira. Twigeze kugira igice cyibice byatsinze ibizamini byose byubukanishi ariko tunanirwa kwipimisha umunyu kugirango birwanye ruswa. Ubwoba, nubwo budafitanye isano, bwari bufashe umutego wo gufata isahani, nyuma ikaza gusohoka igatera ibisebe. Gukosora byari intambwe yo gutera akabariro mbere yo gushiraho - ibintu byoroshye, bidahenze ntabwo buri gihe kurupapuro rusanzwe ariko birakomeye rwose kubikorwa bimwe.
Ukuri kwubukungu nimbaraga za Niche
Umunsi urangiye, ifu ya metallurgie ibyuma ntabwo ari amasasu. Ninzira ifite ahantu heza cyane. Umubare munini (kugirango uhindure ibikoresho), uringaniye kandi uringaniye (kugirango ukoreshe net-shusho ya net), nibikoresho byungukira kuri microstructure ya PM. Tekereza kuri moteri yimodoka, ibikoresho byingufu, cyangwa ibikoresho byo gufunga. Kuri prototypes imwe cyangwa amajwi make cyane, akenshi uba mwiza gutunganya imashini ikomeye, niyo yaba isesagura. Gutandukanya-ingingo ni ingingo ihoraho yo kujya impaka.
Aho bimurika rwose biri mubintu bifatika ntushobora kubona ahandi byoroshye. Gukora igice hamwe nuburyo bugenda buhoro - tuvuge, impera imwe ikungahaye kumuringa kugirango itwarwe neza nubundi iherezo ryicyuma gisanzwe cyimbaraga - birashoboka mumuzingo umwe wa sinter-sinter ukoresheje ubuhanga bwo gupfa no gushushanya ifu. Twagerageje kwiyitirira amavuta nkaya, dukoresheje ibyuma byuma byinjiye muri polymer. Cyakoze, ariko kugenzura ubujyakuzimu bwinjira mubibazo byari ikibazo tutigeze dukemura byimazeyo kubyara umusaruro.
Urebye ahantu hanini, ubufatanye hagati yabatunganya PM na mashini zuzuye nibyo bitanga ibice bikora. Firime nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. Yerekana ubushobozi bwo hasi butuma PM ibaho kubisabwa neza. Dukora hafi-net-shusho yambaye ubusa hamwe nibikoresho byayo bigenzurwa; barayizana kurwego rwayo rwanyuma nubuso bwo kurangiza. Nintoki isaba kumvikana-kumenya ko ubuso bwacumuye butandukanye, kumenya aho ububobere bushobora kuba, no guhindura ibiryo, umuvuduko, ninzira zikoreshwa. Ibyo biganiro, kuruta igikoresho kimwe, nicyo gihindura ifu yicyuma igice cyimashini yizewe.
