Iyo abantu benshi bumvise 'inganda zikora neza', bashushanya icyumba cyiza, gikonjesha ikirere hamwe na robo zivuga bucece, zicira ibice byiza. Iyo ni ishusho yo kwamamaza. Ukuri ni hasi cyane kunyeganyega hamwe na hum yimbitse y'urusyo rwa 5-axis ifata igice kinini kuri 316L idafite umwanda, umwuka uhumura ibyuma bikonje kandi bishyushye. Ubusobanuro nyabwo ntabwo buri mumashini yikirahure yimashini; ni mumyaka mirongo yubumenyi bwamoko yukuntu wafata ishoramari rito cyane utarinze kugoreka, cyangwa ugashyiramo geometrie kugirango ukoreshe kuri gummy nikel ishingiye ku mavuta idashobora gukata ahubwo izabyara igiti kinini, gifite ubururu bwubururu kibabaza gukuraho. Icyo cyuho kiri hagati yigitabo nigorofa yububiko niho inganda ziba kandi zihumeka.
Urufatiro: Itangirana na Casting
Ntushobora kuvuga kubyerekeye kwihanganira kwihanganira utiriwe uvuga ibyo urimo gukora. Iyi ni ingingo y'ibanze benshi birengagiza. Inzira nziza yuburyo bwateguwe nta gaciro ifite niba igice kibisi gifite uburebure bwurukuta rudahuye cyangwa kugabanuka imbere. Nabonye imishinga myinshi yananiwe kuko gutunganya byafashwe nkicyiciro cyihariye cyabakozi. Isano iri hagati yimishinga nububiko bwimashini ntabwo ari intoki; ni ibiganiro bikomeza. Niyo mpamvu ibikorwa bihuza gukina no gutunganya munsi yinzu imwe, nkibyo nabonye hamwe na Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology (QSY), bifite aho bihurira. Amateka yabo yimyaka 30 muri casting bivuze ko amakipe akora imashini adakorana nagasanduku kirabura. Bazi ibintu byihariye biranga ibishishwa byabo hamwe nishoramari - imirongo isanzwe yo gutandukana, imishinga iteganijwe, ingingo zishobora guhangayikishwa mumazu akomeye. Ubu ntabwo ari ubumenyi budafatika; ni ukumenya ko kubintu runaka bya turbine, ugomba gusiga 0.5mm yimigabane yinyongera kuri flange imwe kuko niho igikonoshwa ceramic gikunda kurira mugihe cyo kwangiza. Ubwo bushishozi ntabwo buturuka kubigenzuzi bitanga isoko; biva mumateka asangiwe kandi, mubyukuri, ububabare busangiwe.
Fata akazi kabo hamwe na alloys, nka cobalt cyangwa nikel. Ibi ni ubugome kuri mashini. Bakora-gukomera ako kanya, baratukana, kandi bakunda gusudira ku gikoresho cyo gutema. Niba uburyo bwo gutara butangiza micro-porosity cyangwa imiterere yintete idahuye, inzira yo kuyitunganya izayibona, mubisanzwe mugucamo amadolari 150 $. Uburyo bukomatanyije butuma ibitekerezo bisubirwamo. Abakanishi barashobora gusubira mumakipe yashinze bakavuga bati, Iki cyiciro kivuye mu cyuho cyitwa 'C' gitera kwambara ibikoresho bikabije kurupapuro rurangiza, kandi barashobora guhindura ubushyuhe bwo gusuka cyangwa igishushanyo mbonera. Ihindura ikibazo cyiza mumahirwe yo gutezimbere. Ubu bufatanye ni ingenzi kuri inganda zitunganya neza, nyamara akenshi biratangwa mwizina ryo gutanga amasoko atandukanye.
Ndibuka urubanza rurimo ibintu byinshi kuri sisitemu ya hydraulic. Icapiro ryahamagaye urusobe rugoye rwo guhuza bores hamwe nukuri kwimyanya ihamagarwa. Igice cyatugezeho nkumukino urangiye utanga isoko yo hanze, icyuma-gisa neza nicyuma. Twamaranye iminsi kuri progaramu ya CMM no gutunganya, gusa twakuyeho ibice bitatu byambere mugihe cyo gutunganya. Ikibazo? Imbere yumucanga wimbere yari yarahindutse gato, bituma uburebure bwurukuta kuruhande rumwe nominal, ariko kurundi ruhande, byari hejuru yikigereranyo cyarangiye. Mugihe twabivumbuye mugihe kirambiranye, twaba tumaze gushora amasaha yigihe cyimashini. Umusaruro uhuriweho waba warafashe iyo mpinduka yibanze mugihe cyo kugenzura kwabo imbere mbere yuko ikubita kumeza ya CNC, ikabika ikiguzi na gahunda.
Agasanduku k'ibikoresho: CNC ni Intangiriro
Gukora CNC ni ifarashi ikora, ntagushidikanya. Ariko mubikorwa byuzuye, imashini nigiciro gihenze cyane, inyundo yuzuye. Ubukorikori nyabwo buri mubikoresho, ibikoresho, hamwe nurutonde. Kurugero, gutunganya igice cyoroshye kitagira ibyuma bishora ibyuma byubuvuzi. Igice gishobora kugira urukuta rwa 1mm. Ikibazo ntabwo ari ugukata; ifashe igice utagihonyora cyangwa ngo yemere kumvikana no kuganira. Twakunze gushushanya ibikoresho byo gutamba bitandukanya datum zimwe, bigashyigikira geometrie y'imbere hamwe no gushonga cyangwa gushonga kuzuza mugihe cyo gutunganya, hanyuma bigakurwaho murwego rwa kabiri. Ni akajagari, kongeramo intambwe, ariko niyo nzira yonyine yo kwihanganira. Ibigo byabaye muri inganda zitunganya neza igihe kinini, nka QSY hamwe nimyaka yabo yimyaka itatu, ufite akabati yuzuyemo ibikoresho byabigenewe hamwe nibitabo byo mumutwe byigihe cyo gukoresha ubwo buryo. Ngiyo imari shingiro.
Noneho hariho imbyino yihariye yibikoresho. Gukora ibyuma bisanzwe bikozwe mubyuma nubuhanga. Gukora nikel-ishingiye kuri alloy casting kubushyuhe bwo hejuru ni alchemy. Urimo kuringaniza umuvuduko wo kugaburira, kugaburira, ubujyakuzimu bwo gukata, hamwe nigitutu gikonje ntabwo ari ukugera gusa hejuru yubuso, ahubwo ugenzura ubushyuhe bwinjira mubice kugirango wirinde gutera ubushyuhe bwumuriro cyangwa byongera ibintu bikunda gukora cyane. Ibipimo wakoresha kuri mugenzi wawe wibyuma byangiza ibikoresho kandi bikangiza ubusugire bwubutaka bwa nikel. Aha niho ubushobozi rusange bwo gutunganya CNC butondekanya kurubuga buba busekeje. Ikibazo nyacyo ni: ni ubuhe burambe bwawe bwihariye hamwe nuyu muryango wibikoresho kuri ubu bwoko bwa geometrie? Urebye QSY yibanze ku mavuta yihariye, biragaragara ko bagomba guteza imbere iki gitabo cyimbitse, kidasanzwe. Ntabwo ari ikintu ushobora kugura ukoresheje imashini nshya; yishyuwe mubice byakuweho nibikoresho byacitse mumyaka.
Porogaramu ni urundi rwego. Porogaramu ya CAM kubintu bigoye, byinshi-axis icyarimwe gutunganyiriza hamwe hamwe nubuhanzi. Ntabwo ari ukwirinda kugongana gusa. Nukugumya guhora igikoresho gihoraho kugirango wirinde impinduka zitunguranye zitandukanya igikoresho, hasigara umurongo wabatangabuhamya ugaragara kuruhande. Nibijyanye no guhitamo inzira kugirango ugabanye igihe cyo kugabanya ikirere igice aho amafaranga yimigabane atandukana kuko ni casting. Porogaramu nziza cyane nzi zitekereza mumwanya wa 3D muburyo bwimbitse kandi ukumva ufite kinematike yimashini - barabizi ko kuba software ivuga ko igikoresho gishobora kugera kumufuka ntabwo bivuze ko gikwiye kuva kuri iyo mpande mugihe urebye ubukana bwabafite ibikoresho byagutse. Ubu bwenge bukora nigitanda cyukuri.
Ukuri kwa Gritty: Ubworoherane namakuba
Umuntu wese akunda kugabanya ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira kurubuga. Dufashe +/- 0.005mm! Nukuri, mubidukikije bigenzurwa, kumunsi wuzuye, hamwe nigice kimwe, cyiza. Ukuri k'umusaruro kuratandukanye. Gufata umwanya nyawo? Harimo gusobanukirwa nimpagarara zisigaye muri casting, gutegura gahunda yo gutunganya ikuraho ibintu muburyo bumwe kugirango wirinde guterana amagambo, kandi akenshi, ushiramo ibipimo mubikorwa kugirango uhindure ibintu byose. Uwiteka inganda zitunganya neza yuzuyemo imirambo yimishinga yafashe kwihanganira izina ku gaciro keza nta gahunda yo gutandukana.
Ubushyuhe nubwicanyi bucece. Icyo cyuma gishobora gupimwa neza mucyumba cyo kugenzura 20 ° C. Ariko niba yarakorewe mu iduka ryari 28 ° C, kandi igice ubwacyo cyari gishyushye cyo gutema, ibipimo byose ni bibi ku bushyuhe bwavuzwe. Kubisobanuro nyabyo, ukeneye kugenzura ibidukikije, cyangwa ugomba kubyishyura. Ibi nabyize inzira igoye hakiri kare hamwe nicyiciro cyamazu ya aluminium. Bose batsinze ubugenzuzi bwa nyuma mugitondo. Nyuma ya saa sita, ubwo iduka rimaze gushyuha, CMM yerekanye ko bore yagabanutse birenze kwihanganira. Ibice ntibyari byarahindutse; aho twerekeza. Noneho, kubintu byingenzi, turashobora kugenzura ikirere inzira zose cyangwa kubaka ibintu byindishyi zumuriro muri offsets yacu - ibintu bito ariko byingenzi.
Kunanirwa numwarimu mwiza kuruta igitabo icyo aricyo cyose. Twigeze kugira imibiri yumuringa wibyuma aho twahuye nibibazo byo kurangiza rimwe na rimwe mumaso yo gufunga kashe - ubwoko bumwe bwo gutanyagura mikoro. Twagenzuye byose: ibikoresho, umuvuduko, ibiryo, kwibanda kuri coolant. Ikibazo cyakomeje kubaho. Nyuma yibyumweru, twabikurikiranye muburyo budahuye muburyo bukomeye bwo gukina kuva mugice kimwe cyibikoresho fatizo bijya mubindi. Igisubizo nticyari mubikoresho byo gutunganya byonyine; byari mu gukaza umurego ibyangombwa bisabwa hamwe na fondasiyo no kongeramo ikizamini cyihuse mugice cya mbere cya buri cyiciro. Ubu bwoko bwo gukemura ibibazo ni intandaro yakazi. Nibikorwa byiperereza, ntabwo ari ugusunika buto gusa.
Ibyiza Byuzuye: Urujya n'uruza
Ibi biransubiza ku gaciro ko guhuza vertical. Iyo urebye urwego rwisosiyete nkibiri hejuru https://www.tsingtaocnc.com kuri Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd., guhuza ibishushanyo mbonera, gushora imari, hamwe no gutunganya CNC ntabwo ari urutonde rwa serivisi gusa. Ni filozofiya ihuza umusaruro. Igikonoshwa gishobora gukoreshwa muburyo buremereye, bworoshye ibyuma byuma byuma aho icyambere ari ingano nigiciro. Igikorwa cyo gushora imari gikururwa kubintu bikomeye, bikikijwe n'inkuta zidafite ibyuma cyangwa nikel alloy aho hafi-net-shusho ari ngombwa kugirango ugabanye igihe cyo gutunganya ibintu bihenze kubintu bidasanzwe. Hanyuma, ishami rishinzwe gutunganya CNC rirangiza akazi hamwe no gusobanukirwa byimazeyo inkomoko yabakinnyi.
Urujya n'uruza rw'amakuru nta nkomyi. Umukanishi uhuye nikintu gikomeye gitunguranye arashobora kugenda hejuru yumuyobozi washinze. Injeniyeri yubushakashatsi irashobora kwicarana na programu ya CAM mugihe cyambere cyo gutegura akazi kugirango yerekane, Turashobora kongeramo urubavu ruto rwo gushimangira hano mubibumbano kugirango tugabanye ibiganiro muriki gikorwa cyo gusya, niba gahunda yawe ishobora kwakira kubireka. Ubu bufatanye bubaho mugihe nyacyo, bitarenze ibyumweru bya imeri hagati yamasosiyete atandukanye afite ibyihutirwa byihutirwa. Igabanya cyane ibitazwi byangiza ibintu bigoye gukora.
Kubakiriya, ibi bivuze ingingo imwe yo kubazwa. Nta mutanga wa casting ushinja iduka ryimashini gutunganya cyane urukuta ruto, kandi nta duka ryimashini rishinja uruganda guterwa nabi. Itsinda rimwe rifite inzira zose kuva icyuma gishongeshejwe kugeza kirangiye, cyagenzuwe igice. Uku guhuza ntigiciro cyinshi mugihe urimo ukorana nagaciro-gaciro, amajwi make yibice byindege, ingufu, cyangwa ubuvuzi aho kunanirwa atari amahitamo. Uwiteka inganda zitunganya neza ni amaherezo yinganda. Urizera uwaguhaye isoko hamwe nigishushanyo cyawe, ingengabihe yawe, nicyubahiro cyawe. Icyitegererezo cyahujwe cyubaka icyo cyizere ku rufatiro rukomeye rwo kugenzura no kugaragara.
Kureba imbere: Ikintu cyumuntu cyihangana
Hamwe n'ibiganiro byose byinganda 4.0, AI, hamwe ninganda zimurika-byuzuye, biroroshye gutekereza ko ibintu byabantu mugukora neza bigenda bigabanuka. Njye mbona, birahinduka gusa. Imashini irashobora gukora itagenzuwe, ariko umuntu aracyafite igishushanyo mbonera, agategura uburyo bwo guhuza n'imihindagurikire y'ikirere, agasesengura amakuru ya CMM nyuma yimikorere, akanasuzuma ihindagurika ridasanzwe rihuza mugihe cyoroshye. Ibyo bisaba ubushishozi, uburambe, hamwe nubwoko bwitondewe udashobora kwandikisha muri software. Umukanishi w'inararibonye ushobora kumva amajwi yaciwe akamenya kwinjiza bitangiye gucika intege biracyari umutungo w'agaciro.
Ejo hazaza, kumaduka ashaka kuguma mumikino ihanitse, ni ukurongora ubwo buhanga bwabantu hamwe na digitale ya digitale. Ntabwo ari ukwihanganira gusa, ahubwo ni ukubasha kwerekana uko wabifashe, hamwe namakuru yaturutse muri casting (suka temp, igipimo cyo gukonjesha) inzira yose kugeza isesengura ryanyuma ryimashini. Ubu buryo bushingiye ku makuru butuma habaho kunonosorwa. Niba ugenzura byombi no gutunganya, ufite amakuru yuzuye yashizweho kugirango ukore, ninyungu ikomeye yo kunoza imikorere no kwizeza ubuziranenge.
Noneho, mugihe cyo gusuzuma inganda zitunganya neza, reba ibirenga imashini hamwe na ISO ibyemezo. Shakisha ubujyakuzimu bwibintu byihariye bifatika, ibimenyetso byo gukemura ibibazo, hamwe numuco wubukorikori bufata buri gishushanyo nkigisubizo cyakemutse, ntabwo ari itegeko ryuzuzwa gusa. Ari muburyo burambuye bwo guhuza ibice, mugusubiramo ibitekerezo hagati yitanura nu mugenzuzi wa CNC, no mumasomo yatsindiye bigoye kuva kunanirwa byashize ko ukuri kwukuri guhimbwa. Ngiyo itandukaniro hagati yumucuruzi nabafatanyabikorwa. Ibisigaye ni ugukuraho ibyuma gusa.
