Urumva 'ibyuma bisobanutse neza' hanyuma ugahita utekereza kwihanganira gukomeye, hejuru yubusa, ahari ibice byindege. Ngiyo ikibuga cyo kwamamaza. Ukuri kuri fondasiyo ni imishyikirano ihoraho hagati ya geometrie nziza kuri moderi ya CAD hamwe na fiziki yinangiye yicyuma gishongeshejwe. Ibisobanuro nyabyo ntabwo biri mubipimo gusa; ni mu guhanura uko ibyuma bya 316L cyangwa bito-byoroheje bizitwara kuva igihe biva kuri salle kugeza bikonje muri shakeout. Abasore benshi batanga amasoko bakosora kuri raporo yanyuma, babuze inzira yose yakozwe ituma iyo raporo ishoboka. Aho niho ikiguzi nyacyo n'agaciro biri.
Umukino wa Shell: Birenze Ibishushanyo
Benshi bahuza neza no gushora imari, inzira yatakaye. Nibyiza, ariko kumurongo wibice byibyuma, cyane cyane bifite ubunini buringaniye hamwe nubunini bukenewe cyane, shell mold casting nakazi kataririmbwe. Ku maduka nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), aho bamaze imyaka irenga mirongo itatu, urabona guhitamo atari dogmatique. Ni ingirakamaro. Igiceri kibumba, ukoresheje umucanga usize, biguha uburinganire buhebuje. Ububiko bukomeye bugenzura kugoreka neza kurenza uko benshi babitekereza, kandi kurangiza birashobora gukubita Ra 12.5 mm cyangwa byiza niba ucunga ibipimo byawe. Ntabwo buri gihe ari hafi kurangiza neza, ahubwo ni inzira ikomeye kandi isubirwamo kubikorwa byigice.
Urufunguzo ruri mu gishushanyo. Icyuma cyiza cyane cyiza, cyakozwe muburyo butunganijwe, ni intangiriro yo kuganira. Inenge iyo ari yo yose isubirwamo ku buryo bugaragara. Nabonye imishinga yananiwe kuko umuntu yagerageje kuzigama kubiciro byikitegererezo. Igikonoshwa cy'igikonoshwa nacyo ntabwo ari kimwe - gishyizwe mubikorwa. Ibice byimbitse aho ubushyuhe bwumuriro buzaba hejuru mugihe cyo gusuka. Ubwoko burambuye buva muburambe bwanditse, ntabwo ari igitabo gusa. Wiga 'gusoma' igikonoshwa nyuma yo gutemba, ushakisha uduce duto duto cyangwa ibibanza byoroshye byerekana ejo hazaza cyangwa ibyuma byinjira.
Aho bigora ni hamwe numuyoboro wimbere cyangwa cores. Kubyuma, inteko yibanze mubikonoshwa ikenera kubaga. Kudahuza igice cya milimetero birashobora guhindura inzira ikonje mubusa. Uburyo bwa QSY bwo guhuza CNC gutunganya post-casting akenshi ikiza ibi bice. Bashobora gukora imashini muburyo bwo gukina, gukosora ibintu bito bito, ariko igishushanyo kigomba kubyemera. Nibiganiro bigomba kubaho mbere yuburyo bwa mbere buciwe: Ni he dushobora kubona amafaranga yo gusiga ibicuruzwa byongeweho kugirango bisukure? Ibyo nibitekerezo byubaka.
Ibikoresho ni Guceceka Guhinduka
Ibyuma ntabwo ari ibyuma gusa. Gusuka ibyuma bya karubone hamwe na nikel ishingiye kuri nikel nka Inconel 718 ni isanzure itandukanye. Ubusobanuro bwa casting bushingiye rwose kumyitwarire yibikoresho. Kugabanuka ibintu ntabwo ari umurongo. Ukuboko kworoheje muri CF8M kutagira ingese birashobora gukenera ibyago byo kugaburira inshuro ebyiri ubwinshi bwigice ubwacyo kugirango wirinde kugabanuka kwi hub. Ntabwo ubitekereza; urabyiga mugukata no kugenzura amagana yibitambo.
Aha niho imyaka 30 yibanze yibibazo byubatswe. Bubatse isomero ryo mumutwe, ubwoko bwubumenyi bwa tacit. Bazi ko icyiciro runaka cya duplex kitagira umuyonga gikunda 'gukurura' cyane kumurongo wongeye kwinjira, bisaba radiyo nini yuzuye kuruta uwabishizeho. Bazasubiza inyuma ku gishushanyo, ntabwo bigoye, ariko kubera ko bazi ko kwirukana radiyo idashoboka nka radiyo bizatera kurira bishyushye, gusiba igice. Ubusobanuro bugerwaho rimwe na rimwe kudaterera kuruhande rwibintu bishoboka.
Amavuta adasanzwe, nka cobalt cyangwa nikel-ishingiye kurutonde rwa QSY, ongeraho urundi rwego. Amazi yabo aratandukanye, akenshi asukwa mubushyuhe bwinshi, kandi bakitwara cyane hamwe nikirere kibumbabumbwe. Sisitemu yawe yo kwinjirira no guhumeka iba ingirakamaro. Ifumbire idahwitse izatera imivurungano, gufata gaze no gukora inenge zo hejuru kuburyo nta mashini ishobora gukosorwa neza. Ibisobanuro biratakara mbere yuko ibyuma byuzura byuzuye.
CNC Handshake: Aho Gutera Bihura Nukuri
Nta gikorwa gikomeye cyo guta ibyuma gihagarara kuri shakeout. Leta-nkumukino ni pre-form. Ibipimo byemewe biva mu mashini ya CNC. Iri ni ihuriro rikomeye. Uruganda rufite imashini murugo, nkibyo ubona kuri tsingtaocnc.com, ifite inyungu nini. Abakanishi naba injeniyeri bashinga bavuga ururimi rumwe. Basangiye igorofa imwe.
Igikorwa cya mbere akenshi gishyiraho datum. Uburyo uhuza casting mbisi nibintu byose. Ugomba kumenya ahantu hasa neza kandi uhagarariye igice cya geometrie ikora. Rimwe na rimwe, twashoboraga no guteramo udupapuro duto, ibitambo kumasura adakomeye kugirango tugire ubuso busukuye, bushobora gukoreshwa bwa mbere. Nibintu byoroheje, ariko byemeza ko imashini zose zikurikira zerekanwe neza, zifunga muri ibyuma bisobanutse neza'ubushobozi.
Ndibuka umubiri wa hydraulic valve, icyuma gike cyane. As-cast bore yari muri 1mm yubunini bwo kurangiza, ariko umwanya wukuri wibice byinshi byambukiranya byari ikibazo. Mugihe CNC itunganya imashini murugo, barashobora kugenzura igice cyabashitsi, bagahindura imirongo yimashini kugirango bishyure itandukaniro ryimishinga, kandi bagakomeza gukubita ahamagarwa kumpapuro. Ibi ntabwo bikosora kubakinnyi babi; ni indishyi kubintu bisanzwe, byemewe gutandukana mubikorwa bya casting kugirango bigerweho net-precision. Nuburyo bwuzuye bwo gukora.
Kunanirwa Nibitabo Byukuri
Wiga byinshi mubice byakuweho kuruta ibice igihumbi bitunganye. Kera kare, twagize inzu yo gupompa muri CA15 martensitike idafite umwanda. Ibipimo byari byiza, hejuru yari hasukuye. Yatsinze igenzura ryambere. Ariko mugupima igitutu, twatembye kurukuta rusa nkaho rukomeye. Kata, kandi hariho urusobe rwumusatsi wa micro-shrinkage, itagaragara hanze. Nyirabayazana? Ubushyuhe bwo gusuka bwari hejuru cyane, biruka amazi meza kugirango yuzuze ibice bito, ariko byahinduye urukurikirane. Twakonje isuka, tuyitindaho, hanyuma twongeramo akonje gato, kegeranye kurukuta rwibibazo. Ikibazo cyakemutse. Urupapuro rwerekana gusa CA15, ASTM A743. Ntabwo yavuze uburyo bwo kuyisuka.
Ikindi cyananiranye cyambere ni ugushushanya birenze. Umukiriya yigeze gusaba ubuso bwimbere budakorwa kugirango baterwe kuri Ra 6.3 μm kurangiza no kwihanganira ± 0.1mm. Byari bihenze mu bumenyi bw'ikirere. Twagiye impaka zo kuyitunganya, ariko baratsimbarara. Igipimo cy'umusaruro cyari giteye ubwoba, ahari 30%. Hanyuma, nyuma yikiguzi kirenze, bemeye ko tuyireka ikarishye kandi ikayikora. Igiciro cyaragabanutseho 60%, naho umusaruro urasa 98%. Isomo: Ibisobanuro nyabyo ni ugukoresha inzira nziza kubisabwa. Ntabwo buri buso buri kuri a ibyuma bisobanutse neza bigomba kuba byuzuye.
Urunigi rwo gutanga amasoko: Byerekeranye no guhuzagurika
Iyo ukomora neza, cyane cyane kubakunzi nka QSY, ntabwo uba uguze ikintu gusa. Urimo kugura igitabo cyabigenewe. Guhuzagurika hejuru ya 500-byateganijwe bifite agaciro kuruta gutunganirwa rwose kwicyitegererezo kimwe. Bashobora gufata ubuso bumwe kurangiza igice cya 1 nigice 500? Raporo yabo ya metallurgical yerekana chimiya imwe nyuma yicyiciro?
Ibi biza mubintu bya mundane. Sisitemu yo gutunganya umucanga. Ubushyuhe bwibiti kuri buri bushyuhe. Gahunda ya Calibibasi ya ecran. Urubuga rwumushinga rushobora gutondeka ibivangwa byose kwisi, ariko gihamya iri mubikorwa byerekana bashobora gutanga. Ikintu cyizeza cyane uwaguhaye isoko ashobora kukwereka ntabwo aricyitegererezo cyiza; ni yambaye neza, ihora yuzuye-igenzura igenzura.
Ubwanyuma, ibyuma bisobanutse neza ni ikiraro hagati yubushakashatsi bugaragara nukuri kugaragara. Ntabwo ari amarozi. Ni disipuline iteye ubwoba, tekiniki, kandi inararibonye cyane aho intsinzi ipimirwa kumusaruro usubirwamo hamwe nicyizere gituje ko igice kiva mumasanduku yoherejwe kizakora, burigihe. Ibigo bimara, bifite imyaka mirongo munsi yumukandara, byunvikana ko ibisobanuro biri muri sisitemu, atari mugihe cyo gusuka gusa.
