Masinyaniseke, xa abantu abaninzi besiva 'utyalo-mali lwe-aerospace', bafanekisela iblayidi engenasiphako, ekufutshane-nemilo yeiturbine ephuma ngqo kwimuvi ye-sci-fi. Ubunyani bumdaka kakhulu, buphindaphinda ngakumbi, kwaye ngokungafihlisiyo, bunomdla ngakumbi. Ayikokwenza nje iimilo ezintsonkothileyo; imalunga nokulawula ikhonkco lezinto eziguquguqukayo ukusuka kwi-wax ukuya kunyango lobushushu, apho ukutenxa kwe-0.1mm ayisiyo manani, yinxalenye echithiweyo. Uninzi lweeglosi zentengiso ngaphaya kwegrit epheleleyo ebandakanyekayo.
I-Core Illusion: Ukuntsokotha vs
Eyona ngcamango iphosakeleyo ilinganisa ubunzima bejometri kunye nencopho ye-craft. Ngokuqinisekileyo, sinokuphosa amajelo okupholisa angaphakathi anokuthi angenzeki kumatshini. Owona mceli mngeni, nangona kunjalo, kukwenza ixesha le-10,000 kunye nengqibelelo ye-metallurgical efanayo neyokuqala. Ndibone iifilimu ezintle zenqaku lokuqala ezingenakulinganiswa. Ubugcisa bukwinkqubo yolawulo, hayi nje imodeli yeCAD. Kwicandelo elinjenge turbine vane, i i-aerospace investment casting inkqubo ayikhethwanga nje ukumila, kodwa kulwakhiwo olulawulwayo oluziinkozo lunokuvelisa ukuqina emva komkhombandlela.
Apha kulapho amashumi eminyaka amava omgangatho wevenkile aye angaxoxiswana. Inkampani efana ne-Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY) ineminyaka engaphezu kwama-30 ekwenziweni nasekusebenzeni ayingomda wokuthengisa. Iguqulela kulwazi olugxininisiweyo malunga nendlela i-alloy esekwe kwi-nickel ethile, ithi i-Inconel 718, iziphatha ngexesha leqokobhe le-waxing kwimozulu ethile. Olo lwazi olufihlakeleyo awukwazi ukulukhuphela. Ukugxila kwabo kuzo zombini utyalo mali kunye nokusebenza ngokupheleleyo kwe-CNC phantsi kophahla olulodwa kubalulekile. Kuthetha ukuba injineli eyinjineli iyila ipateni yewax ecinga ngamanqaku okulungisa oomatshini, inqanda iimeko ezibuhlungu kamva.
Ndikhumbula iprojekthi ye-bracket yesakhiwo, i-magnesium-zirconium alloy. Ijometri yayilula, kodwa i-spec yabiza imigangatho yokuhlola i-ultrasonic igcinelwe i-titanium. Indawo engaphumeleliyo ibingekuko ukuziphosa, kodwa intsalela yemathiriyeli yeqokobhe ebangela amanqaku okuqalisa angaphantsi komhlaba ngexesha lovavanyo lokudinwa. Kwathatha ukuphindaphinda kathathu kweenkqubo ze-binder kunye neendlela zokusetyenziswa kwe-stucco-iinkcukacha azizange zibe kwincwadana-ukuyiqhekeza. Nantso i-90% engathandekiyo yomsebenzi.
I-Alchemy yezinto eziphathekayo: Ayinakuze iNtsimbi nje
Xa sithetha ngemathiriyeli, igama elithi ialloys ezikhethekileyo liphoswa macala onke. Kwi-aerospace, ngumahluko phakathi kwebakala lentsimbi engatyiwayo yombhobho kunye nealloyi esekwe kwi-cobalt efana ne-MAR-M 247 yomsindo weinjini yoxinzelelo oluphezulu. Zizilo ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo. Le yokugqibela ifuna ukutshisa okuchanekileyo kwangaphambili kweqokobhe leceramic ngaphambi kokugalela ukuthintela ukothuka kwe-thermal kunye nokuqhekeka kwentlekele. Fumana loo nto iphosakeleyo, kwaye ulahlekelwe yiveki kunye nethamsanqa elincinci kwintsimbi.
Uluhlu lwemathiriyeli edwelisiweyo ye-QSY-ukusuka kwintsimbi etyhidiweyo ukuya kwialloyi esekwe nickel-iyaxela. Ibonisa isakhono esithe nkqo, kodwa uvavanyo lokwenyani lukwahlulo. Awugaleli i-iron ductile kunye ne-Hastelloy X kwi-bay enye, kunye neqela elifanayo, usebenzisa iiprothokholi ezifanayo. Ukungcoliswa komnqamlezo ngumbulali othuleyo. Inyani yokuba badwelise icebisa imigca eyahlukileyo, ezinikeleyo okanye iinkqubo ezingqongqo zokucoca, nto leyo ebaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni. Kuba yinyani i-aerospace investment casting umthengisi, umgca we-nickel kunye ne-cobalt alloys kulapho iindleko zangempela kunye nobuchule buhlala khona.
Oku sakufunda kabuhlungu kwasekuqaleni. Ukuzama ukuqhuba ibhetshi ye-17-4PH yensimbi engenasici (imvula-yokuqina) iinxalenye kanye emva komsebenzi we-carbon steel. Imizila yekhabhoni kwisithando somlilo, okanye mhlawumbi ifakwe kwi-refractory, iguqule impendulo yemvula ngexesha lokuguga. Amalungu aphumelele iitshekhi ezinobukhulu kodwa aziphumelelanga iimvavanyo zokuqina kunye neempembelelo ezimangalisayo kwisiqinisekiso. Isifundo esinexabiso eliphezulu kugcino lwendlu.
Umdlalo weShell: Apho iDabi lihlala liphunyelelwa okanye lilahlekile
Ukwenziwa kobunjwa beqokobhe sisiseko sokoqobo. Uninzi luyicinga njengobumba nje. Yinto esebenzayo yeceramic composite eyenzelwe ukubola, ukuzinza kwe-thermal, kunye nokungangeni kwemichiza. Inani leengqimba, i-slurry viscosity, ubukhulu bengqolowa ye-stucco kunye nezinto eziphathekayo (i-silica edibeneyo vs. zircon), indawo yokomisa-isinyathelo ngasinye songeza i-variable. Kumacandelwana anodonga olucekethekileyo lwe-aerospace, iqokobhe kufuneka lomelele ngokwaneleyo ukuze likwazi ukuphatha isinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo kodwa libe buthathaka ngokwaneleyo ukuze lisuswe ngaphandle kokudubula kokudubula okuwenza lukhuni umphezulu.
Ndichithe iintsuku nababoneleli belungisa iresiphi yokuqala yedyasi enodaka yealloyi entsha ye-aluminiyam-silicon. Injongo yayikukumanzisa okugqibeleleyo kwipatheni yewax ukubamba zonke iinkcukacha, ngaphandle kokubambisa amaqamza omoya abe ngamanxeba angaphezulu. Yinkqubo yezandla-on, phantse ebambekayo. Ugweba ireyithi yokuthontsiza, ubukhulu bokugquma ngokuziva kunye namava. Apha kulapho ulwazi lwesizwe lomsebenzi ekudala lukhona luxabiseke kakhulu. Ungayifumana indlela yabo kule nkqubo edibeneyo ichazwe kwiphepha labo lokusebenza ku https://www.tsingtaocnc.com.
Umngxunya oqhelekileyo kukwenza ubunjineli obugqithisileyo kwiqokobhe. Imigangatho emininzi kakhulu, ingqindilili kakhulu, kwaye udala isinki sobushushu esikhulu esiguqula umphambili wokuqina, okukhokelela ekucuthekeni kwe-porosity kumacandelo abalulekileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, isisombululo sincinci, iqokobhe elichasayo kunye neqhinga le-ceramic cores lokuxhasa. Sisenzo sokulinganisa phakathi kweempawu zoomatshini kunye nezobushushu.
Ukusuka kwiCasting ukuya kwiComponent: Ukuxhawula ngesandla ngoMachining
Le yeyona crux eyona nto isulungekileyo yomdlalo wabaseki abasokola nayo. Uhambisa ukuphosa okugqibeleleyo, kuphela kwivenkile yomatshini ukukhalaza ukuba akukho datha yokucinezela, okanye isibonelelo sesitokhwe esishiyekileyo asilingani, nto leyo ebangela incoko yesixhobo. Indlu edibeneyo efana ne-QSY, eyenza zombini utyalo mali kwaye CNC Machining, inenzuzo enkulu. Inkqubo iyilwe njengento eqhubekayo.
Ipateni ye-wax iyilwe kunye neepads zereferensi ezingoomatshini engqondweni. Inkqubo yokungena ayibekelwanga ukuqukuqela kwentsimbi yesandi kuphela kodwa nokushiya imathiriyeli kwiindawo eziye zibe zizixhobo zomatshini kamva. Le synergy inciphisa ixesha lokukhokela kwaye inciphisa umngcipheko wokugqwesa ukuphosa okuchanekileyo ngexesha lomatshini wesibini. Ndibone iindawo apho umphezulu we-as-cast ushiywe kwiiprofayili ze-aerodynamic, ngelixa kuphela ubuso bokukhwelana bebutshintshwe, zonke zicwangcisiwe ukususela kusuku lokuqala.
Umzekelo osebenzayo: i-sensor yendlu eyenziwe kwi-duplex steel stainless. Ukusaswa kuquke iiflange ezidityanisiweyo. Ngenxa yokuba iqela lomatshini belibandakanyeka kuphononongo lokuqala lwezixhobo, bachaza ukongeza isitokhwe esincinci kubuso beflange kodwa baqinisekisa ukuba imingxuma yebholiti ephoswe ngondoqo-yombiwe kubungakanani bokulingwa. Oku kwaphelisa ukusebenza kwe-EDM ebiza kakhulu kamva. Lolo luhlobo lokonga iindleko oluvela kwimveliso edibeneyo, hayi nje ukuthengisa ngaphandle.
Ukungaphumeleli njengoMsebenzi wokunyanzelisa
Awuqondi ngokwenene i-aerospace investment casting ude wongamele umcimbi omkhulu olahliweyo. Ekuqaleni kokubandakanyeka kwam kwiprojekthi yomzimba wevalve yegesi eshushu, sasinoluhlu lweentanda ezingaqondakaliyo kwindawo echaphazeleke bubushushu yokulungiswa kwe-welded. Ukubunjwa yayiyi-cobalt alloy. Sibeke ityala umshiseli, inkqubo, yonke into. Uhlalutyo lwe-Metallurgical ekugqibeleni lwalatha umva kwinkqubo yokuphosa: imvula encinci ye-carbide kwimida yeenkozo ukusuka kwisantya esincinci sokupholisa esicothayo emva kokugalelwa. I-casting yadlula i-X-reyi, kodwa umjikelo we-thermal welding kwandisa ukuqina.
Ulungiso lwalungekho kwi-welding; kwakusekusulungeni inkqubo yokupholisa yasemva kokugalelwa eziko. Loo mava abumba yonke imbono yam. Ngoku, ndijonge ukuphosa kwaye ngoko nangoko ndicinga ngembali yayo yobushushu, hayi nje ijometri yayo. Kukunyanzela ukuba uqwalasele lonke ikhonkco lexabiso, ifilosofi ebonakala ifakwe kwindlela yokubonelela ngenkonzo epheleleyo, apho ulawulo lwenkqubo yonke ukusuka kwi-melt ukuya kwi-machined part yakhiwe kwimodeli yabo, njengoko kubonwa nge-QSY echazwe ngokudibanisa ngokuthe nkqo.
Ezi ntsilelo, ngelixa zibuhlungu, zingumthombo wokwenene wobunzulu. Bahambisa i-craft ukusuka kwiresiphi ukuya ekuqondeni okunzulu. Ngexesha elizayo xa ubamba ngokuchanekileyo, khumbula ukuba ayisiyomilo nje. Yirekhodi engumkhenkce yezigqibo ezilawulwayo ezilikhulu, kwaye mhlawumbi iimpazamo ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo ezafundwa kuzo. Yiloo nto eyahlula inxalenye kwilungu.
