Xa abantu abaninzi besiva 'utyalo-mali oluqhelekileyo', baba nomfanekiso wenxalenye engenasiphako, emilonyeni yenethi ephuma kwiqokobhe leceramic, elungele ukudibanisa. Iincwadana kunye neewebhusayithi ziyenza ibukeke njengomlingo. Okwenyani, elona candelo lihlawula amatyala kwaye ligcina abathengi bebuya, konke malunga nokulawula okungabonwayo: izinto ezinciphayo ezingekhoyo kwincwadi yesifundo somxube wealloyi yakho ethile, indlela uyilo loshicilelo olungundoqo olunokuthi lujike lonke iqokobhe ngexesha le-wax, okanye umphezulu wokugqiba urhwebo xa uleqa zombini iindonga ezibhityileyo kunye nobunzima bangaphakathi. Akunjalo nje ngokwenza isikhunta; imalunga nokubona kwangaphambili lonke uluhlu lweziganeko ukusuka kwimodeli ye-3D ukuya ekugqibeleni, icandelo lomatshini.
ISiseko: Iqala (kwaye Isoloko Ikhubeka) ngePateni
Wonke umntu ugxininise kwintsimbi, kodwa inyathelo lokuqala lokwenyani kukusetyenziswa kwepatheni. Ndibone iiprojekthi zichithwa apha ngaphezu kwayo nayiphi na enye indawo. Awunakuthatha nje imodeli yeCAD kwaye ufe ipateni. Kufuneka usebenzise umgaqo wokucutheka, kodwa ngowuphi? Izinga elipapashiweyo le-316 elingenasici liyisiqalo, kodwa ekusebenzeni, litshintsha kunye nejometri. Inqaku elide, elibhityileyo liya kunyanzela ukucutheka ngokwahlukileyo kunecandelo elikhulu. Sifunde oku ngendlela enzima kwangethuba, sivelisa ibhetshi yemizimba yevalvu eyayigqibelele ngokomda kwi-CMM ngaphandle kobuso obunobunzima-icinywe ngokwaneleyo ukubangela umba wokutywinwa. I-alloy yacutheka njengoko bekuxelwe kwangaphambili, kodwa ipateni ayizange ichaze umahluko wokupholisa. Ngoku, sakha kwimbuyekezo esekwe kwinxalenye yetopology, hayi nje ipesenti yengubo.
Emva koko kukho imathiriyeli yepateni ngokwayo. Ngomthamo ophantsi ukuphosa utyalo-mali ngokwesiko, iprototyping ekhawulezayo njenge-SLA okanye i-wax yoshicilelo iyahenda. Iyakhawuleza. Kodwa ukuqhubela phambili namaqhekeza angama-50, ukuhambelana kwe-aluminiyam eyenziwe ngoomatshini okanye intsimbi yokufa ixabisa ixabiso langaphambili. Umphezulu wepateni yewax eprintiweyo inokwakheka, inqanaba elincinci lokunyuselwa, elitshintshela kwiqokobhe leceramic emva koko kwintsimbi. Ukuba ufuna Ra 63 microinch okanye ngcono njengoko-cast umphezulu, ukuba yingxaki. Ugcino lokuqala luba ngumphunga ngeendleko ezongezelelweyo zokugqiba.
Kulapho amava eqabane abonisa khona. Inkampani efana Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), kunye namashumi amathathu eminyaka, kusenokwenzeka ukuba yakha amawaka eepateni ezifayo. Elo thala ledatha yembali malunga nendlela iimilo ezahlukeneyo eziziphatha ngayo kubumba lixabiseke kakhulu. Ngumahluko phakathi kokucutheka kwethiyori kunye neqinisekisiweyo, enye etyibilikisiweyo yeblade yeinjini yomoya ngokuchasene nendlu yempompo.
Umdlalo weShell: iiCeramics, iStucco, kunye nexesha lokomisa
Inkqubo yokwakha iqokobhe kulapho ubugcisa budibana nesayensi. Idyasi ephambili eludaka ibalulekile ekugqityweni komphezulu, kodwa iidyasi ezigcinayo zezokomelela. Ukukhethwa kwestucco - i-zircon, i-silica edibeneyo, i-alumino-silicate - ixhomekeke kubushushu be-alloy kunye neemfuno ze-thermal. Ukugalela i-nickel-based superalloy? Ngokuqinisekileyo usebenzisa i-zirconia-based idyasi yobuso kunye ne-stucco ukukhusela ukuphendula kwesinyithi. Kodwa oko kuyabiza. Kwiinkqubo ezininzi ze-carbon steel, inkqubo ye-silica edibeneyo isebenza ngokugqibeleleyo kwaye inciphisa iindleko.
Ixesha lokumisa phakathi kweediphu ngumbulali othuleyo weeshedyuli kunye nomgangatho. Yikhawulezise, kwaye ubambe ukufuma. Uxinzelelo lomphunga ngexesha le-dewax yobushushu obuphezulu obulandelayo bunokuqhekeza iqokobhe ukusuka ngaphakathi ngaphandle. Sakhe saphulukana nomthi wonke wezibiyeli ze-aerospace ngenxa yokuba i-spike yokufuma kwigumbi lokomisa ayizange ibalwe. Amaqokobhe akhangeleka egqibelele de agqabhuke kwi-dewax autoclave. Ngoku, sibeka iliso kwiimeko ze-ambient ngokusondeleyo njenge-slurry viscosity.
Ubukhulu beqokobhe lolunye ubizo lokugweba. Okutyebileyo komelele, kodwa kukwathetha iindleko zemathiriyeli, amaxesha amade okufudumeza umngundo phambi kokugalelwa, kunye namazinga okupholisa amabi kakhulu esinyithi. Kwicandelo elinodonga olucekethekileyo, udinga iqokobhe elomeleleyo lokuthintela ukwaphuka ngexesha lokuphatha, kodwa awufuni ubunzima be-thermal obucotha ukuqina kwaye yenze imiba yesakhiwo seenkozo. Lulungelelwano olufundayo kwimvakalelo, rhoqo ngokophula amaqokobhe ambalwa ovavanyo ukujonga ukungeneka kunye namandla.
I-Dewax kunye nokutshiswa: Inguqu engabonakaliyo
Idewax ayinyibiliki nje iwax. Ii-autoclaves zanamhlanje zisebenzisa umphunga woxinzelelo oluphezulu ukuze zinyibilike kwaye ziwufunxe ngokukhawuleza. Isitshixo sisantya kunye nokulawula uxinzelelo - khupha i-wax ngaphambi kokuba ikhulise ngokwaneleyo ukuqhekeza i-ceramic. Kodwa emva kwe-dewax, uneqokobhe elingenanto, elibuthathaka. Umjikelo wokutshiswa emva koko uwutshise ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1000 ° C ukutshisa nayiphi na imathiriyeli yepateni eseleyo, sinter amasuntswana eceramic kunye ukomelela, kwaye unyuse ukungunda kwiqondo lobushushu ukuze kugalelwe. Ukuba ireyithi yerempu ikhawuleza kakhulu, ukothuka kwe-thermal kubangela iintanda. Ukucotha kakhulu, kwaye uchitha ixesha kunye namandla eziko. Le yinkqubo yobugcisa obusulungekileyo, ehlala ikhethekileyo kwinkqubo yeqokobhe kunye nobungakanani benxalenye.
I-Metallurgy kunye nokugalela: Apho iSigqibo soLiquid Senzeka khona
Lo ngumzuzu wenyaniso. Unobumba obushushu kunye neziko lesinyithi esityhidiweyo. Ukhetho lwezinto ezibonakalayo lubonakala luthe tye kwi-spec sheet, kodwa i-melt practice yinto yonke. Umzekelo, ngeentsimbi ezingenastainless, ukulawula umxholo wenitrogen kubalulekile ekusebenzeni komhlwa. Awukwazi ukuphosa nje i-scrap kwiziko lokungeniswa. I-makeup yentlawulo kufuneka ilawulwe.
I-Degassing lelinye inyathelo elibalulekileyo, ngakumbi kwi-alloys ye-aluminium okanye iintsimbi ezifuna amandla aphezulu okudinwa. I-Hydrogen pickup evela kumswakama lutshaba. Uya kuyibona kamva njenge-porosity kwii-radiographs. Sisebenza kunye noluhlu olusuka kwisinyithi ukuya kwii-alloys ezikhethekileyo ezifana ne-cobalt-based Stellite, kwaye nganye inomdaniso wayo. Ukugalela ingxubevange ye-cobalt kwisitulo sevalve engaguqukiyo sisilo esahlukileyo ekugaleleni intsimbi ye-ductile yendlu yegiya. Iqondo lobushushu elishushu kakhulu, isantya sokugalela ukunqanda isiphithiphithi, ukusetyenziswa kwengqele kwisingundo ukuze kuqiniswe ngqo… zonke ezi zikhetho zenziwa ngemizuzu esekelwe kuhlalutyo lobushushu kunye nejiyometri yenxalenye.
Ukukhankanywa kwe-QSY yokusebenza kunye ne-alloys ezikhethekileyo ezifana ne-nickel-based kunye ne-cobalt-based based signal of capability. Ayizomathiriyeli zilula ezi. Zineendawo eziphezulu zokunyibilika, zihlala zisebenza, kwaye zifuna ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwe-thermal ukufezekisa iipropati ezinqwenelekayo (ezifana nokumelana nokunyuka kwindawo ye-injini yomoya). Ukuphatha ezi mathiriyeli ngokuzithemba kuthetha ukuba batyale imali kwitekhnoloji yesithando somlilo esifanelekileyo kwaye banobugcisa besinyithi sokuyixhasa.
Umphumo: Ukucocwa, ukuQeda, kunye nokuxhawula izandla kwe-CNC
Nje ukuba ukuphosa kupholile kwaye uqhekeze iqokobhe, ushiywe nenxalenye erhabaxa encanyathiselwe kwinkqubo yayo yokugawula. Inkqubo yokunkqonkqoza ifuna ukukhathalelwa – awufuni konakalisa iimpawu eziethe-ethe osandul’ ukuzidala. Emva koko kuza i-cut-off, ngokuqhelekileyo kunye nevili eliqhumayo okanye isarha yebhendi. Emva koko, ukugaya ukususa i-stubs yesango. Lo ngumsebenzi wezandla, onezakhono. Igrinder eyaziyo inxalenye inokukongela ixesha lomatshini kamva; umntu ongakwaziyo unokusila imiphezulu yedatum ebalulekileyo.
Apha kulapho udibaniso kunye CNC Machining iba yinto engaxoxiswana ngayo kumalungu achanekileyo. Zimbalwa kakhulu iindlela zotyalo-mali eziyimilo yokwenene yosetyenziso olusebenzayo. Udinga ubuso obumatshini bokutywinwa, imingxuma egrunjiweyo kunye necofiweyo kunye neeklasi zemisonto ezichanekileyo, okanye iidayamitha ezikruqukileyo ezinokunyamezelana okuqinileyo. Inzuzo enkulu ye utyalo mali nantsi into yokuba ikunika i-preform ekufutshane-nomnatha-imilo, icutha isixa se-alloy ebizayo ekufuneka uyichithile. Ikwabonelela ngesibonelelo esingaguqukiyo nesincinci sesitokhwe, esivumela umatshini ukuba aqhube ndlongondlongo, iindlela zesixhobo ezinokuqikelelwa.
Ukuba nazo zombini ukuphosa kunye nomatshini phantsi kophahla olunye, njengoko i-QSY isenza, kuphelisa indawo enkulu yokungqubana. Iqela lokuphosa liyazi kakuhle ukuba yeyiphi isitokhwe emayishiyelwe oomatshini. Oomatshini bomatshini bayakuqonda ukuphosa okunokubakho (njengokutshintsha kondoqo okanye ubuncinci bomhlaba) kwaye banokucwangcisa umsebenzi wokuqala ukucoca eyona ndawo ibalulekileyo kuqala. Le synergy yiyona nto ijika ukuphosa okulungileyo kwindawo ethembekileyo, ephezulu yokusebenza. Ukuzama ukulungelelanisa oku kubaboneleli ababini abahlukeneyo yintloko yolungiselelo, ukutshintshwa kwetyala, kunye nexesha elongezelelweyo lokukhokela.
Ukuqukumbela: Esona Siko siseMgwebeni
Ke, lithetha ukuthini ngokwenene isiko apha? Akunjalo nje ngokwenza imilo eyodwa. Imalunga nesigwebo esiqokelelweyo esisetyenziswa kwinyathelo ngalinye lenkqubo. Kukukhetha into elungileyo yokuncipha kule lobe kwi-impeller. Ithatha isigqibo sokongeza idyasi yeceramic eyongezelelweyo ebusweni beqokobhe kuba imodeli ye-thermal ibonisa indawo eshushu. Ilungisa uyilo lomasango ukusuka kumsebenzi wokugqibela ofanayo ukuphucula isivuno nge-5%.
Ixabiso lexesha elide lisebenza alikho kuluhlu lwezixhobo zabo kuphela; ikuvimba wabo wengqondo weengxaki ezisonjululweyo. Xa bejonga umzobo omtsha, ababoni nje imigca; babona umfanekiso wokufa, ukwakhiwa kweqokobhe, ukugalela, imida yokuqinisa, kunye noseto lokugqibela lomatshini. Lisiko elo ukuphosa utyalo-mali ngokwesiko - inkqubo yokuvelisa ngokupheleleyo, kungekhona nje inkonzo yokubumba. Inxalenye efika kwidokhi yomthengi sisiphumo sekhulu elincinci, izigqibo ezinolwazi, uninzi lwazo aluzange lube kuxwebhu lwekowuti.
