Xa abantu abaninzi besiva 'isiseko sotyalo-mali,' baba nomfanekiso weworkshop enothuli egcwele iipateni zewax kunye ne-ceramic slurry. Leyo yinxalenye yayo, ngokuqinisekileyo, kodwa kufana nokuchaza imoto ngomsebenzi wayo wokupeyinta. Ibali lokwenyani likulawulo lonyamezelo, uyilo lwenkqubo yokungena ekungekho mntu uyibonayo, kunye nokuhambelana kwesinyithi ukusuka kubushushu ukuya kubushushu. Uninzi lwabathengi beza becinga ukuba konke malunga nokuphumeza 'isimo somnatha.' Ndingathanda ukuxoxa ukuba kungaphezulu malunga nokufikelela kwimilo eqikelelwayo, ethembekileyo, ibhetshi emva kwebhetshi, apho iindleko zokwenyani zingekho kwixabiso leyunithi kodwa kwireyithi ye-scrap kunye nexesha lokucoca elisezantsi oligcinayo-okanye ungagcini.
Umdlalo weShell: Ayisiyonto nje yoKutyabeka
Inkqubo yokwakha iqokobhe kulapho isiseko sibekwe khona, ngokoqobo. Idla ngokujongelwa phantsi. Asithi nkxu nje umthi wewax kwindawo eludaka kunye ne-stucco. I-viscosity yedyasi yokuqala, umxholo womgubo we-zircon, ukufuma kwendawo yokomisa kunye neqondo lokushisa-utshintsho ngalunye lutshintsha ukugqitywa komphezulu wokugqibela kunye nokuzinza kwe-dimensional. Ndizibonile iibhetshi apho iqokobhe lalibonakala ligqibelele kodwa emva koko labonisa iintanda emva kokukhutshwa kwewaxing. Umoni? Umjikelo wokomisa ngokukhawuleza phakathi kweedyasi. Iqokobhe kufuneka liphefumle kwaye linyange, hayi nje lome. Ukuyingxamela konga usuku kodwa kubiza iveki ekusebenzeni kwakhona.
Kulapho amashumi eminyaka yokusebenza, njengaku Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), guqulela kwithuku. Uhlakulela ukuvakalelwa ngayo. Uyazi ukuba ixesha lasehlotyeni le-monsoon e-Qingdao liya kuchaphazela iitanki ezinodaka kwaye ulungelelanise ukwakheka kwangaphambili. Akukho kuyo nayiphi na incwadi; ikwii-logbooks kunye nenkumbulo edibeneyo yabaphathi bemigangatho. Ukugxila kwabo ixesha elide kwi iqokobhe ngundo ukuphosa kwaye utyalo mali kuthetha ukuba bakhe ilayibrari yeeparamitha ezahlukeneyo zejometri kunye nealloys.
Umzekelo, ngezixhobo ezinodonga olucekethekileyo kwintsimbi engatyiwayo, iqokobhe lifuna ukungeneka okuphezulu ukuvumela iigesi ukuba zibaleke ngexesha lokugalelwa, kodwa namandla aneleyo okuxhathisa uxinzelelo lwentsimbi. Kukulungelelana. Ukuyenza ingalunganga kuthetha ukungahambi kakuhle okanye ukwaphuka kweqokobhe. Sakhe saba neprojekthi yomfuziselo weblade yeinjini yomoya apho umphetho wokulandela wawubukhali kakhulu. Ukwenziwa kweqokobhe elisemgangathweni alikwazanga ukumelana nomothuko we-thermal. Kwafuneka sidibanise inkqubo ye-binder kwiidyasi eziphambili, songeza i-refractory eyahlukileyo ukuphucula amandla aluhlaza kunye nokuxhathisa ukothuka kwe-thermal. Kuthathe izihlandlo ezithathu ukufumana usasazo lwesandi.
Imicimbi yeMetal: Ngaphezu kokuNyibilika nje
Ukuthetha ngama-alloys, ukukhethwa kunye nokuphathwa kwetsimbi kungenye i-oversimplification eqhelekileyo. 'Ugalela intsimbi engatyiwayo, akunjalo?' Ewe, ewe, kodwa 304, 316, 17-4PH, okanye i-duplex yesiko? Ngamnye uziphatha ngendlela eyahlukileyo kwi-mold. I-superalloys-i-nickel-based and ialloys esekwe cobalt Uluhlu lwe-QSY-zizilwanyana ezahlukeneyo. Iimpawu zabo zokunyibilika, ukumanzi, kunye nendlela ezidibana ngayo neqokobhe zibalulekile.
Umoya wesithando somlilo ungundoqo. Kwii-alloys ezininzi ezisebenza kakhulu, awukwazi ukunyibilika emoyeni ovulekileyo. Sisebenzisa i-vacuum okanye i-atmosphere elawulwayo enyibilikayo ukunqanda i-oxidation kunye nokuthatha ukungcola. Umahluko kwiipropathi zoomatshini phakathi kwenyibilika ekhuseleke kakuhle kunye ne-oxidized kancinane inokubaluleka, ngakumbi kwiindawo ze-aerospace okanye izicelo zonyango. Kungumqhubi weendleko, kodwa akuxoxiswana ngomsebenzi othile.
Ubushushu bokugalela ngomnye umnxeba womgwebo. Kushushu kakhulu, kwaye ubeka emngciphekweni wokukhukuliseka kobuso obungaphakathi beqokobhe, okukhokelela kwiziphene ezibandakanyiweyo. Ipholile kakhulu, kwaye isinyithi sinokungagcwalisi amacandelo amancinci. Nge intsimbi, une-graphitization ekufuneka uyiqwalasele. Akukho bushushu 'obugqibeleleyo' behlabathi; luluhlu olucutha phantsi ngokusekwe kwinxalenye yejometri kunye nobushushu obuthile be-alloy oyisebenzisayo ngaloo mini. Ufunda ukufunda umphezulu wesinyithi kwileyidi.
Ukuxhawula i-CNC: Apho ukuCasa kuhlangana ngokuchanekileyo
Le yingongoma ebalulekileyo abaninzi abazimele iziseko zotyalo-mali miss: handoff to machining. Ukuba ukuphosa akwenziwanga ngomatshini engqondweni, udlula nje iingxaki ezantsi. Ukuhambelana komgangatho kubaluleke kakhulu. Isiseko esihle asinikezeli nje ukuphosa; inikezela ngecast ehlala ngokuzinzileyo kwi-CNC vise, kunye nesibonelelo esiqikelelweyo sesitokhwe.
Yiyo loo nto imodeli edibeneyo kwindawo efana ne-QSY yenza ingqiqo. Baphatha zombini utyalo mali kunye ne CNC Machining. I-loop yempendulo iqinile. Ukuba oomatshini bahlala besilwa ukufumana indawo ye-datum ngenxa yokuba i-lugs yokuxhoma ayihambelani, olo lwazi lubuyela ngqo kwivenkile yepateni kunye neenjineli zenkqubo. Mhlawumbi iiparamitha zokutofa kwewax zifuna ukulungiswa, okanye iindawo zokulungisa umthi we-wax zifuna ukuyilwa ngokutsha.
Sidibanise iziko lomatshini elipheleleyo le-5-axis ukugqiba amacandelo einjini yomoya. Iibhetshi ezimbalwa zokuqala ziveze ukuba iindawo zethu zokuphoswa kwezinye iitshaneli ezintsonkothileyo zangaphakathi zazirhabaxa kakhulu ukuba uphando lukwazi ukufunda okucocekileyo. Kuye kwafuneka sibuyele umva siye kucokisa iqokobhe lethu lokuqala ledyasi eludaka, sisebenzisa irefractory yodidi oluphucukileyo ukuphucula ukugqiba 'njengokuphosa' kwezo ndawo zikhethekileyo, ukunika i-CNC ithuba lokulwa. Yongeze inyathelo kwinkqubo yethu, kodwa yacutha ixesha lobuchwephesha kunye nokusilela kophando malunga ne-30%.
Ukungaphumeleli njengeNdawo yeDatha
Awufundi kakhulu kulandelelwano olugqibeleleyo. Imisebenzi engaphumelelanga ziincwadi zezifundo. Ndikhumbula indlu yempompo enkulu kwi-duplex steel stainless. Yadlula yonke i-NDT, yayikhangeleka intle. Kodwa ngexesha lovavanyo lwe-hydro kwindawo yomthengi, yavuza kwi-flange. Unobangela? I-Micro-shrinkage porosity ecaleni kwendawo eshushu esingayondlanga ngokwaneleyo. Isoftware yethu yokulinganisa yayiyiphawule njengomngcipheko ophantsi, kodwa besingahoyanga iimpawu ezithile zokuqina kwealloyi. Asiyisombululanga ngokongeza nje isinyithi esingaphezulu (esonyusa ixabiso kunye nobunzima), kodwa ngokuyila ngokutsha i-wax cluster orientation kunye nokusebenzisa i-exothermic padding kwiqokobhe elikuloo zowuni.
Enye 'amava okufunda' akudala kukugqwetheka. Ixesha elide, i-castings ebhityileyo inokujika ngexesha lokupholisa ukuba ayixhaswanga ngokufanelekileyo kwiziko. Sakhe saba nothotho lweereyile ezikhokelayo eziphuma ngesaphetha esincinci. Isisombululo sasingekho ekugaleleni; yayiyindlela esasikhwelisa ngayo amaqokobhe avuthiswe emhadini wokupholisa. Saqala ukusebenzisa iiseti zeceramic ukuzixhasa ngobude bazo ngexesha elibalulekileyo lokupholisa. Ilula, kodwa yawulungisa umcimbi.
Ezi ayizongxaki zethiyori. Ziipuzzle zemihla ngemihla apho isiseko esinembali yokusebenza enzulu, njengeengqikelelo ze-QSY zeminyaka engama-30, ziqokelela izisombululo zazo. Sisiseko solwazi esichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukuthembeka kunye nexesha lokukhokela.
Umlinganiselo wokwenyani: Ukungaguquguquki ekuhambeni kwexesha
Ke, yintoni echaza umntu okwaziyo isiseko sotyalo-mali? Ayisosona sixhobo somlilo okanye umshicileli omtsha we-wax we-3D. Kukukwazi ukuqhuba iJob A-105 namhlanje kwaye emva koko uyiqhube kwakhona kwiinyanga ezintandathu ukusuka ngoku kunye neziphumo ezifanayo. Imalunga nolawulo lwenkqubo olusindayo kwinguqu yabasebenzi kunye nokwahluka kweebhetshi.
Oku kufuna iinkqubo ezinengqeqesho: ulawulo olungqongqo lwenkqubo yewax, ukugcinwa kweempawu zodaka, iigophe ezibhaliweyo zokudubula, kunye nezigodo zokunyibilika ezineenkcukacha. Uyadika, umsebenzi onobuchule. Kodwa yiloo nto evumela i-Foundry ukuba ihambe ngaphaya kweprototyping kwimveliso. Ungalubona olu ngqwalasela kwisakhono esizinzileyo ngendlela ethanda ngayo inkampani QSY iziveza-ibalaselisa ubukho beshishini bexesha elide kunye noluhlu lwezinto ezithetha ngamava aqokelelweyo kunoluhlu lwezixhobo nje.
Ekugqibeleni, ixabiso likukuba liqabane eliqikelelwayo. Injineli eyila icandelo kufuneka yazi ukuba amandla okuqina kumzobo aya kubakho kwindawo. Umphathi wokuthenga kufuneka azi ixabiso kunye nokuhanjiswa ukusuka kwi-oda yesihlanu kuya kuhambelana neyokuqala. Oko kuthenjwa akwakhelwanga kwigumbi lebhodi, kodwa kumgangatho wesiseko, ngeenkqubo ezilawulwayo kunye nokugweba kuyo yonke into ukusuka kubukhulu beqokobhe ukuya kwisantya sokugalela. Leyo ngundoqo ye-craft, ikude kude nomfanekiso olula we-wax kunye nomlilo.
