Xa usiva 'izixhobo zotyalo-mali,' iingqondo ezininzi zitsibela ngqo kwi-wax okanye i-ceramic slurry. Nantso umphezulu. Ibali lokwenyani likubumdaka, iinkcukacha ezisoloko zingahoywa—izibophelelo ezingabekekanga ncam kumswakama ophezulu, utyalo-mali lokuphosa iimpahla njengeerefractories ezitshintsha ngobuchule ibhetshi ukuya kwibhetshi, okanye iiarhente zokukhulula ezisebenza ngokugqibeleleyo de zingasebenzi. Ayiloluhlu lokuthenga nje; lutsheyini lokuxhomekeka apho ikhonkco elinye elibuthathaka, yithi i-stucco yedyasi engahambelaniyo, inokulahla yonke into. Ndikhe ndabona iivenkile zityhola iziko lazo ngemicimbi ye-porosity eneneni evela kwi-alumina silicate filler enexabiso eliphantsi abayitshintshele kwiinyanga ezintandathu ezidlulileyo. Izibonelelo zisisiseko, kwaye uyaziqaphela kuphela xa zisilela.
Ikhithi enguNdoqo: Ngaphaya koLuhlu lokuHlola oluSisiseko
Masichithe izinto ezibalulekileyo, kungekhona kwikhathalogu, kodwa kwibhentshi. Ewe, ufuna i-wax yepateni, kodwa uhlobo lubaluleke kakhulu. Iwax enyibilike kancinci inokuba lula kwisixhobo esisetyenziswa ngesandla, kodwa kwiijiyometri ezintsonkothileyo ezinodonga olucekethekileyo ezifuna uzinzo oluphezulu ngexesha lokudityaniswa, ujonge indawo egcweleyo enyibilikayo. Umahluko ekugqityweni komphezulu wokugqibela kunye nokunyamezelwa kwe-dimensional ingaba sisiqingatha se-mil okanye ngaphezulu, okuyiyo yonke into kwi-aerospace okanye amacandelo ezonyango. Emva koko kukho i-wax yenkqubo yokusa. Ukusebenzisa i-wax efanayo kwiipateni kunye namasango yindlela eqhelekileyo yokonga indleko ehlala ibuyisela umva ngexesha le-dewaxing, ebangela ukuqhekeka.
Icala le-ceramic yiprojekthi yekhemistri. Udaka alukho nje ukuthamba. Yi-cocktail echanekileyo ye-colloidal silica okanye i-ethyl silicate binder, umgubo we-refractory (njenge-silica edibeneyo, i-zircon, okanye i-alumina), kunye ne-agent emanzi / anti-foam. I-pH kunye ne-viscosity idinga ukujongwa rhoqo-ukutshintshwa kwemizuzwana embalwa kwikomityi ye-Zahn kunokuchaphazela ubukhulu bengubo kunye nokukhupha amanzi, okukhokelela kubuthathaka beqokobhe. Ndikhumbula umsebenzi wezinye ii-impellers zaselwandle apho sasihlala sifumana ukuqhekeka kweqokobhe ngexesha le-autoclave dewaxing. Kwavela, ibhetshi entsha ye-silica ye-colloidal yayinokusabalalisa ubungakanani besuntswana eyahlukileyo, echaphazela amandla ejeli eengubo eziphambili. Kwafuneka sihlengahlengise ixesha lediphu kunye nobungakanani besanti ye-stucco ukuze sihlawule. Olu luhlenga-hlengiso ongayi kulufumana kwincwadana yemigaqo.
Iisanti ze-stucco yenye inguqu ethe cwaka. Ubungakanani besanti ye-zircon kunye nesanti ye-silica edityanisiweyo kunye nobukhulu bokuhanjiswa kwesanti ye-silica edibeneyo yenza ukuba iqokobhe elikhulu libe nokungena kunye namandla. Ukusebenzisa i-stucco e-coarser kwiidyasi ezigcinayo kuphucula amanzi kunye nokunciphisa ixesha lokwakha iqokobhe, kodwa ukuba umgangatho awulunganga, kudala imiba yokudibanisa i-intercoat. Sisenzo sokulungelelanisa phakathi kwamandla eqokobhe kunye nokungena kwerhasi ngexesha lokugalelwa. Umthengisi onolawulo oluluqilima kwezi nkcukacha zemathiriyeli bufanele ubunzima babo kwigolide.
Umsasazi oxhasayo: Isoloko ilityalwa, isoloko ibalulekile
Kulapho iivenkile ezininzi ezizama ukulawula iindleko zitshiswa khona. Cinga malunga nezixhobo ezingazange zenze i-glamour shots. Izitywini zeShell zokubhanqa iziphene ezincinci-ukuba azinayo i-coefficient yokwandisa i-thermal ehambelana neqokobhe, ziya kuphuma kwi-preheat. Emva koko kukho izixhaso zokungunda okanye iitreyi zokudubula. Ukusebenzisa ibhodi yefiber ye-ceramic esemgangathweni inokubonakala ilungile, kodwa ukuba ayithe tyaba ngokugqibeleleyo okanye inamandla ashushu aphantsi, iqokobhe elinzima, elintsonkothileyo linokujika ngexesha lobushushu obuphezulu bobushushu, libangele uxinzelelo kunye nokuqhekeka okunokwenzeka phambi kokuba isinyithi siyibone.
Izibonelelo zotyalo-mali zotyalo-mali zinwenwela ekusetyenzweni kwangethuba kwakhona. Iikhemikhali zokususwa kweqokobhe: hayi nje nayiphi na i-caustic soda eya kwenza. Ugxininiso, ubushushu, kunye nexesha lokuvezwa kufuneka zilungelelaniselwe inkqubo yakho yeqokobhe ethile ukuze isuse ngokufanelekileyo i-ceramic ngaphandle kokuhlasela i-substrate yesinyithi, ngakumbi ngeealloyi ezisebenzayo njenge-titanium okanye ezinye ezisekwe kwi-nickel. Ngokufanayo, izinto ezisikiweyo kunye nokugaya-iivili ezinqamlekileyo ezinqamlekileyo, amabhande athile e-grit kwii-alloys ezahlukeneyo. Ukusebenzisa ibhanti ye-aluminiyam oxide eqhelekileyo kwi-cobalt superalloy ngumsebenzi ophuthileyo kunye nenkcitho echithwayo.
Enye yezona zinto zingaphantsi kokuxoxwa yintonga yesalathisi esithobekileyo okanye iicones zepyrometric ze-furnace preheat. Ukuxhomekeka kuphela kwi-thermocouple yesithando somlilo kuyingozi. Ndibone i-thermocouple drift nge-25°C, ekhokelela kumaqokobhe anganeno-mlilo abuthathaka kwaye angena lula kunokuba bekucetywa. Isiphumo yaba kukungena kwesinyithi kunye nebhetshi ekrazukileyo yevalvu. Ikhowuni elula, yesikolo esidala ebekwe ngaphakathi eziko isinike isiqinisekiso esibonakalayo ukuba ukufundwa kwedijithali akukwazanga. Ngamanye amaxesha, unikezelo lwe-tech ephantsi yeyona ibaluleke kakhulu.
Umdlalo weMaterial: I-Alloy-Supply Symbiosis
Ukhetho lwakho lwe utyalo-mali lokuphosa iimpahla uchazwa yintsimbi oyigalelayo. Oku akuxoxiswana. Ukugalela i-316 engenasici? Idyasi yeprayimari ye-zircon kunye needyasi ezigciniweyo ezinesilica exutyiweyo zinokuba semgangathweni. Kodwa tshintshela kwintsimbi ephezulu-manganese okanye i-nickel-based superalloy efana ne-Inconel 718, kwaye umdlalo uyatshintsha. Amaqondo obushushu okugalela aphezulu kunye nonxibelelwano lwesinyithi nolwelo lufuna iirefractories ezineendawo eziphezulu zokudityaniswa kunye nokumelana nokothuka kwe-thermal. Unokufuna ukutshintshela kwinkqubo ye-zircon yonke okanye i-refractories ekhethekileyo njenge-yttria yee-alloys ezithile ezisebenzayo.
Iwax kufuneka ihambelane nayo. Ezinye ii-alloys ezisebenza kakhulu zineemfuno eziphezulu kakhulu zokushisa okukhulu. Ukuba intsalela yepateni ye-wax ayipheliswanga ngokupheleleyo ngexesha lokutshiswa, i-carbon pickup ingenzeka kwintsimbi, ibeka esichengeni i-ductility kunye nokuxhathisa ukubola. Oku kufuna iwax enothuthu oluphantsi kunye nomjikelo wokutshiswa kweqokobhe ophuhliswe ngobunono malunga neempawu ezithile zewax. Yincoko yababini phakathi kwemathiriyeli yepateni, inkqubo yeqokobhe, kunye nealloyi.
Kulapho ubuchwephesha obuhlanganisiweyo be-Foundry buba bubaluleke kakhulu. Inkampani efana Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), kunye namashumi amathathu eminyaka abo utyalo mali kunye noomatshini, kubandakanya lo mgaqo. Ukusebenza kwintsimbi etyhidiweyo, intsimbi, i-stainless, kunye ne-cobalt ekhethekileyo / i-nickel alloys, baqonda ngokwemvelo ukuba iimpahla-izixhobo zeqokobhe, iipatheni ze-wax-azilingani-zonke. Umsebenzi wabo wexesha elide ucebisa ulwazi olunzulu, olusebenzayo lokukhangela kunye nokufaneleka kwezibonelelo ezifanelekileyo kwintsapho nganye yezinto eziphathekayo, eyona nxalenye ebalulekileyo yokufezekisa ukuhambelana kwinkqubo enjalo eguquguqukayo. Ungayibona indlela yabo yokwenziwa kwemveliso edibeneyo kwindawo yabo https://www.tsingtaocnc.com.
Ukufumana kunye neMfaneleko: I-Real-World Grind
Ukufumana umthengisi we-colloidal silica kulula. Ukufumana enye ebonelela ngebhetshi-to-batch ukungaguquguquki kunye neengxelo zohlalutyo oluneenkcukacha ezininzi kunzima kwaye kuyabiza. Inkqubo yokufaneleka ikhohlakele kodwa iyimfuneko. Sasidla ngokuqhuba i-mini-cast kunye nebhetshi entsha yezinto eziphambili zengubo-ipateni elula yokuvavanya, iigobolondo ezimbalwa, ezigalelwe nge-alloy eyaziwayo. Siza kuyenza icandelo, sijonge ukungena kwesinyithi, ukulinganisa umphezulu wokugqiba, jonga ukufakwa. Yayixabisa ixesha nemali, kodwa yathintela ilahleko eyintlekele yemveliso.
Ukwakha ubudlelwane kunye nabanikezeli abaphambili abambalwa kungcono kunokuba uhlale usukela elona xabiso liphantsi. Umthengisi olungileyo uya kusebenza nawe xa kuvela iingxaki. Ndikhumbula ixesha apho izinga lokuqhekeka kweqokobhe lethu lenyuka ngendlela engaqondakaliyo. Umthengisi wethu we-slurry uthumele ikhemisti yakhe. Sichithe usuku siphonononga inkqubo yethu, kwaye wachaza ukuba utshintsho kwisiqulatho seminerali yonikezelo lwamanzi kwindawo yethu (emva kokutshintsha komthombo kamasipala) kuchaphazela amandla e-ionic yodaka. Uncedise ekuqulunqeni isongezelelo esincinci sokubuyekeza. Elo lixabiso ongalifumaniyo kwi-intanethi engasebenziyo.
Ikwahlawulela uphicotho-zincwadi ngamathuba athile kubaboneleli abakwisibini. Kwizinto ezinjengezihluzo zeseramikhi (ugwebu okanye ulwelo), ubungakanani bepore kunye nolwakhiwo lwemfezeko lubalulekile ekuhluzweni kwesinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo. I-batch embi ingawa okanye iqhekeza, ingenise i-ceramic inclusions kwi-casting. Ukuba nomboneleli ogcinayo odibana ne-spec yinxalenye yolawulo lwekhonkco lonikezelo olubalulekileyo utyalo-mali lokuphosa iimpahla.
Ukungaphumeleli njengeZifundo: Xa Supplies Bite Back
Wonke umntu unamabali emfazwe. Esinye sezifundo zam ezibiza kakhulu zibandakanya i-wax ye-gating enexabiso eliphezulu. Yayinokwandiswa kwe-thermal ephezulu kancinane kunepatheni yethu yewax. Kubushushu behlobo laseKhalifoniya, igumbi lendibano lalinokurhubuluza ngaphezu kwe-75°F. Ukwandiswa okungafaniyo phakathi kwesango kunye nephethini eyinkimbinkimbi kubangele ukuphulwa kwengcinezelo kwiidibaniso ezingabonakaliyo kwiso. Kuphela emva kokwakhiwa kweqokobhe kunye ne-dewaxing apho iintanda zavela kwi-ceramic, ezikhokelela kwiiphiko kunye ne-veining kwi-castings. Siphulukene nemveliso yenyanga. Ukulungiswa yayingekokutshintsha nje iwax; ikwasebenzisa ulawulo olungqongqo lokusingqongileyo kwindawo yendibano yepateni.
Enye into efihlakeleyo yayine-agent entsha, ephuculweyo yokumanzisa kwi-slurry. Yavelisa iidyasi ezintle, ezingenamaqamza. Nangona kunjalo, kamva safumanisa ukuba ishiye ifilimu eshiyekileyo ethintele kancinane ukuhlangana kwe-intercoat phakathi kwedyasi yesithathu neyesine. Amaqokobhe aphumelele kuvavanyo lwamandla asemgangathweni kodwa ayeza kuncipha phantsi kothuso lobushushu lokugalela iicastings ezinkulu. Ukungaphumeleli kwakungaqeshwa kwaye kwathatha iinyanga ukuba ibe ngunobangela. Ngoku, naluphi na utshintsho kwi-surfactant okanye isongezelelo, nokuba luncinci kangakanani na, ludlula kwiprotocol yovavanyo olupheleleyo lwe-thermal kwiqokobhe elimele imveliso.
Oku kusilela kugxininisa ukuba unikezelo yinkqubo. Awunakukwazi ukutshintsha utshintsho ube wedwa. Ifuna imboniselo epheleleyo yetsheyini lenkqubo yonke, ukusuka kukwenza ipateni ukuya kwi-shakeout. Ulwazi lokujonga oku luvela kwiminyaka yokusebenza ngezandla, ukulungisa iingxaki, kunye nokwakha ingqiqo ecacileyo malunga nendlela ezi zixhobo zisebenzisana ngayo. Ngumahluko phakathi kokuthenga nje iimpahla kunye nokuqonda ngokwenene utyalo-mali lokuphosa iimpahla njengesiseko esiguqukayo, esisebenzisanayo sobugcisa.
