Xa abantu abaninzi besiva 'i-wax elahlekileyo ye-aluminiyam yokusaswa', baba nomfanekiso wenxalenye engenasiphako, ekufutshane ne-net-shape, elungele ukuhamba. Lilo elo iphupha lokuthengisa. Inyani, le oyifundayo kuphela kumgangatho wevenkile, luthethathethwano oluqhubekayo phakathi kolwelo, ukucutheka, kunye nokusukela ngokungenalusini ulwakhiwo oluvakalayo lwangaphakathi. Ayikokwenza nje imilo; imalunga nobunjineli isiganeko sokuqina ngokwaso. Abaninzi bayiphatha njengobugcisa obumnyama okanye, okubi ngakumbi, enye nje into kuluhlu lokuthengwa kwempahla. Inyaniso kukuba, ukuba awucingi malunga nokwakheka kweenkozo ukususela ngelixa uyila ipateni ye-wax, sele usemva.
Umbono ongeyiyo ongundoqo: Konke kumalunga nokuchaneka koMda
Abathengi abatsha, kunye neenjineli ezithile ezinamava, ziza zilungisiwe kukunyamezelana okuqinileyo. Bafuna i-dimensional precision investment casting edume ngayo. Kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo, kwisibiyeli esilula, yinjongo ephambili leyo. Kodwa nge-aluminium, ngakumbi kwiindawo eziphantsi koxinzelelo lwe-thermal okanye ngomatshini, incoko kufuneka itshintshe. Ixabiso lokwenyani le inkqubo wax elahlekileyo kuba i-aluminiyam ayikho nje ukuba ingabamba i +/- 0.005 ukunyamezela. Kukuba unokuphembelela indlela intsimbi ekhenkceza ngayo. Uyakwazi ukuqondisa i-shrinkage kwi-feeder, kungekhona udonga olubalulekileyo. Lowo ngumahluko phakathi kwelungu elikhangeleka lilungile nelihlala lihleli.
Ndikhumbula iprojekthi yendawo yokuhlala yedrone. Imodeli ye-CAD yayintle, ineendonga ezincinci kunye neendlela eziyinkimbinkimbi zangaphakathi zokupholisa. Iiprototypes zokuqala zaphuma ngokugqibeleleyo ngokwemilinganiselo. Ipasile itshekhi yeCMM ngemibala ephaphazelayo. Kodwa kuvavanyo lokungcangcazela, basilele kwisiseko-ukuqhekeka okuncinci. Ingxaki? I ukuphosa i-aluminium iqiniswe kakhulu kwicala, idala i-columnari isakhiwo sengqolowa kanye kwindawo yoxinzelelo. Ijometri yayikhuthaza. Kwafuneka sibuyele umva, kungekhona kwiprogram ye-CNC, kodwa kuyilo lomthi we-wax. Songeze iindawo zokuphola ezifihlakeleyo kwiqokobhe leceramic kwiindawo ezithile ukukhuthaza ukumila okuziinkozo okulinganayo apho. Yongeza iintsuku ezimbini kwinqanaba lepatheni, kodwa yatshintsha inxalenye ukusuka kumgqatswa weemfumba ezilahliweyo ukuya kwicandelo elithembekileyo.
Apha kulapho i-generic foundries ikhubeka khona. Baza kubethelela umphezulu kodwa baphose i-metallurgy. Inkampani efumana oku, njenge-QSY (Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd.), ayithengisi nje i-castings; bathengisa inkqubo yokuqinisa elawulwayo. Ngemvelaphi yabo kwii-alloys ezikhethekileyo, bayaqonda ukuba ulawulo lwe-thermal luyinto yonke, nokuba ugalela ii-superalloys okanye i-aluminium ye-A356. Loo ngcinga ibalulekile.
Inqanaba leWax: Apho iDabi liphumelele khona ngokwenene (okanye lilahlekile)
Yonke into ixhomekeke kwipateni ye-wax. Umgangatho wayo, ukuhambelana kwayo, ukushisa kwayo ngexesha lokuhlanganisa. Umthungo omncinci, utshintsho oluncinci kuxinzelelo lwenaliti-ezi azichaphazeli nje ukuphela komphezulu; benza iindawo ezibuthathaka kwiqokobhe leceramic ezinokukhokelela ekubalekeni okanye kwiifins ngexesha lokugalela. Siqhuba i-wax yethu kwiqondo lokushisa elingaphezulu kancinane kunokuba incwadana icebisa. Igeleza bhetele kwiinkcukacha ezintle zokubumba, inciphisa i-turbulence, kwaye inika ipateni edibeneyo. Urhwebo-off lixesha lomjikelo elide kunye nokuphathwa ngononophelo ngakumbi. Kodwa kwiindawo ezintsonkothileyo, ayixoxiswana.
Indibano, okanye imithi, yenye yobugcisa. Indlela ojonga ngayo iipateni, ububanzi be-wax sprue-oku kuchaza ukuhamba kwe-aluminium etyhidiweyo. Ufuna ukuzaliswa okuqhubekayo, okuzolileyo, hayi ukuchaphaza okunesiphithiphithi. Ndibone ukugalelwa konakele ngenxa yokuba umthi wawuthe nkqo kakhulu, ubangela ukuba intsimbi yehle embindini kwaye ibambe igesi kwimingxuma engaphandle. Ngoku, siyila imithi ene-helical layout encinci. Ibonakala incinci, kodwa ikhuthaza ukuzaliswa okujikelezayo okuthambileyo. Yenye yezo nkcukacha zincinci, ezingathandekiyo ongayi kuzifumana kwincwadi yokufunda, ezalwe ngokujonga amakhulu okuthulula kunye nokusika ukuvula i-scrap.
Ukulawula indawo ye-wax kukulwa rhoqo. Ukufuma ehlotyeni kunokubangela ukuba iipateni zibile, nto leyo ekhokelela kwimiba yokuncamathela kweqokobhe. Sasinebhetshi yezibiyeli ze-aerospace kanye apho iqokobhe lalihlala liqhekeka ngexesha lokukhutshwa kwewaxing. Kusithathe iveki ukuyibuyisela emva kutshintsho olufihlakeleyo, lwexesha lonyaka kumxholo wepolymer wewax kumthengisi wethu, otshintshe i-coefficient yolwandiso lobushushu. Umjikelo we-autoclave ubundlongondlongo kakhulu kuloo bhetshi. Ngoku, siqhuba iqokobhe elincinci lovavanyo kuwo wonke ukuhanjiswa kwe-wax entsha. Yingxaki, kodwa inexabiso eliphantsi kunokusilela kwemveliso epheleleyo.
Iqokobhe: iCeramic ayiyoCeramic nje
Uninzi lwee-specs zibiza nje i-zircon-based slurry esisiseko kunye ne-silica backup edibeneyo. Leyo yincwadi yokudlala eqhelekileyo. Kodwa usathana ukumijikelo yediphu kunye ne-stucco gradation. Kwizinto ezityhidiweyo ezinodonga lwe-aluminiyam yokusahlelwa, udinga iqokobhe elomeleleyo ngokwaneleyo lokumelana noxinzelelo lwentsimbi kodwa elingenekayo ngokwaneleyo ukuvumela umoya uphume. Iidyasi ezininzi ze-backup, kwaye ubeka ingozi kwi-porosity yegesi; bambalwa kakhulu, kwaye ubeka umngcipheko wokwaphuka kweqokobhe okanye ukukrazuka okushushu ekugaleleni.
Sitshintshele kwinkqubo elungisiweyo yomsebenzi wethu ophezulu we-aluminiyam. Sisebenzisa isituko esicolekileyo, esinemingxuma engama-200 kwidyasi yesibini neyesithathu endaweni yokutsibela ngqo kwizinto ezirhabaxa. Yakha ubukhulu obufanayo kunye nokugqitywa okungcono komphezulu kwiindawo ezinzulu. Kwakhona, sifumene, kunciphisa i-veining- ezo zinto zicaphukisayo ze-ceramic fins eziqhawulayo kwaye zifakwe kwindawo yokuphosa. Yongeza umjikelo wediphu owongezelelweyo, ngoko kubiza kakhulu, kodwa kunciphisa kakhulu ixesha lokugqiba i-post-cast. Xa kusenziwa iinxalenye ezingamakhulu aliqela, izibalo zisebenza ngokusixhasa.
Ukomisa kukutshintsha okuthe cwaka. Ukukhawuleza ukomisa phakathi kweedyasi ngowona mgibe uxhaphakileyo kwivenkile exakekileyo. Ukomiswa okungaphelelanga kukhokelela kumaqokobhe afakwe umaleko kunye nokudityaniswa kwedyasi embindini. Ngexesha lokutshiswa kobushushu obuphezulu, uxinzelelo lomphunga olusuka kubumanzi obushiyekileyo bunokuphelisa igobolondo ngaphakathi. Simisele umgaqo onzima: ukufuma kwe-ambient ngaphezulu kwe-70%? Ukongezwa okuzenzekelayo kweyure ezi-4 kwixesha lokumisa kuzo zonke iidyasi. Akukho zimpikiswano. Icuthe ucwangciso kodwa yasusa lonke udidi lokusilela okungaqondakaliyo kweqokobhe.
Ukugalela: Ngakumbi kunokuzalisa nje uMngundo
Ukugalela i-aluminiyam kwi-a ukulahlwa kwewax elahlekileyo inkqubo ayifani nokuzalisa ukungunda kwesanti. Iqokobhe le-ceramic lishushu, lijikeleze i-1000 ° C, kwaye intsimbi ipholisa ngokukhawuleza. Unefestile enokuba yi-10-15 yemizuzwana ye-fluidity esebenzayo kutyalo-mali oluqhelekileyo. Inkqubo yokungena kufuneka isebenze ngokugqibeleleyo. Sisoloko sifudumeza iileyile zethu. Ileyidi ebandayo inokuwisa ubushushu besinyithi kwi-20-30 ° C kanye ngexesha lokudluliselwa, ibulale ubumanzi bayo ngaphambi kokuba ibethe ikomityi ye-sprue.
Ukugalela ngokwawo kufuneka kube ngumlambo oqhubekayo, ozinzileyo. Akukho kumisa, akukho kugalelwa, akukho kugqwala. Ufuna ukugcina uxinzelelo lwe-metallostatic olungagungqiyo lokutyhala isinyithi kwezona ndawo zikude zokungunda. Siqeqesha iqela lethu lokugalela ukubukela uxinzelelo lwangasemva kwindebe ye-sprue. Ukuba inyuka ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, oko kuthetha ukuba isikhunta sigcwalisa ngokukhawuleza. Ngamanye amaxesha, kuya kufuneka ucothise isantya sokugalela phakathi komsinga, ovakala ngathi uchasene. Bubuchule obubambekayo. Ndiye ndema apho kunye namagcisa amatsha, ndibalathisa: Uyayiva loo nto? Ikomityi iya isinda ngokukhawuleza. Kalula... ngoku uzinzile.
Emva kokugalela, sasidla ngokuyeka ukungunda kuphole emoyeni. Impazamo enkulu kwiijometri ezithile. Sinemiba yokukrazula okutshisayo kwiindawo ezinotshintsho olukhulu lwecandelo. Amacandelwana abhityileyo ayeza komelela aze afinyezeke, esahlula phakathi amacandelo asanyibilikisiweyo nangqindilili. Ngoku, sineebhokisi ezigqunyiweyo ezizaliswe ngevermiculite. Sidlulisela iimbumba ezishushu ngokuthe ngqo kuzo ukuze zilawuleke, zipholile ngokukhawuleza. Yongeza elinye inyathelo, kodwa lunyango lobushushu obukwi-mold oluthomalalisa olo xinzelelo. Kusonjululwe malunga ne-80% yeengxaki zethu zeenyembezi ezishushu ngobusuku nje obunye.
Umatshini kunye neNtsebenziswano kunye neeVenkile ezifana ne-QSY
Kulapho irabha idibana khona nendlela. A ogqibeleleyo utyalo mali aluminiyam ilungile kuphela njengevenkile yomatshini oyigqibayo. Kungenxa yoko le nto imodeli yesiseko ekwasenza umatshini we-CNC onzulu, njengale uyibona kuyo Ukusebenza kwe-QSY, unamandla kakhulu. Bayaluqonda lonke uhambo. Xa siyila i-casting, sele sicinga ngamanqaku okulungisa, isibonelelo sesitokhwe, kunye nokubakho koxinzelelo olushiyekileyo olunokuthi lujike inxalenye xa sele ibotshiwe kwaye isikiwe.
Kukho ingxaki yeklasikhi: i-casting iphuma inemilinganiselo emihle, kodwa xa i-machinist ithatha ukusikwa kokuqala, ukuthungwa komphezulu kuyatshintsha okanye isixhobo siyancokola. Rhoqo, yi-subsurface shrinkage porosity okanye indawo epholileyo encinci engazange ichukunyiswe yi-CMM. I-Foundry eyenza kuphela i-casts iya kusola iiparameters zomatshini. Ivenkile yoomatshini ukuba oomatshini kuphela baya kusola umgangatho wokuphosa. Umboneleli odibeneyo othe nkqo kufuneka ayisombulule ngaphakathi. Banokunxibelelanisa i-machining anomaly emva kwiqondo lobushushu lokugalela okanye iqokobhe lifudumeze kwangaphambili ukusuka kuloo bhetshi ethile. Loo mzila wengxelo uxabiseke kakhulu.
Ngokomzekelo, amava e-QSY kunye ne-cobalt enzima kunye ne-nickel alloys iguqulela ngokuthe ngqo kwi-aluminium. Ingqondo yabo imalunga nokususa izinto eziqikelelwayo kwi-substrate ephezulu yentembeko. Bayazi ukuba i-casting emiselwe i-5-axis mill, unokufuna ukongeza i-pad encinci, i-dining pad ebusweni obungabalulekanga nje ukwenzela ukuzinza ngexesha lomatshini, into ecocekileyo yokudlala i-Foundry inokugatya njengento engeyomfuneko. Yiyo le mbono yokuphela ukuya ekupheleni ejika indlela yeprototyping ibe yinkqubo yemveliso esebenzayo. Awuthengi nje i-casting; uthenga isiqinisekiso sokuba iya kuziphatha ngokuqikelelwayo phantsi kwesixhobo sokusika.
Ingcamango yokugqibela: Yinkqubo, hayi iMveliso
Ke, ukuba ususa into enye, mayibe yile: elahlekileyo wax aluminiyam ukugalela lutsheyini lweenkqubo ezixhomekeke kwelinye. Ukwenza ikhonkco elinye libe wedwa kudla ngokuqhekeza elinye. I-wax ichaphazela igobolondo, igobolondo ichaphazela ukuzaliswa, ukuzaliswa kuchaphazela isakhiwo sengqolowa, kwaye isakhiwo sengqolowa sichaphazela yonke into ezayo emva kwayo. Impumelelo ivela ekuyijongeni njengenkqubo enye, eqhubekayo.
Iinkampani ezikhulayo kule ndawo, onokuthi uthembele kuzo ngaphezu kwesicatshulwa nje esilula, zizinto eziye zafaka ngaphakathi kule nkqubo-yokucinga. Baneziva zokusilela kwixa elidluleyo—amaqokobhe aqhekekileyo, iindawo ezinemingxuma, oomatshini abajijekileyo—yaye baye benza imithetho ephathelele ezo zifundo. Iiwebhusayithi zabo, njengaleyo yeQingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd., zinokudwelisa iinkonzo ezinje ngokwenziwa kobunjwa beqokobhe kunye nomatshini we-CNC ngokwahlukeneyo, kodwa elona xabiso likwindlela abanyanzelwa ngayo ukuba bazidibanise. Yiloo nto ehambisa icandelo elingadibanisi nje noshicilelo, kodwa elisebenza kwihlabathi lokwenyani. Imoshakele, iyaphindaphindeka, kwaye izele kukulalanisa. Kodwa xa icofa, akukho ndlela ibhetele yokwenza i-aluminiyam entsonkothileyo, esebenza kakhulu.
