Xa usiva 'iindawo zomatshini ezichanekileyo ze-CNC', iingqondo ezininzi zitsibela ngqo ekunyamezeleni. ±0.005 i-intshi, ±0.001, kokukhona iqina ngcono, akunjalo? Nantso isandi somgangatho ophezulu. Inyani, eyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo kumgangatho wevenkile nakwindibano yokugqibela, yenziwe ngakumbi. Imalunga nokwazi ukuba leliphi icandelo elifuna ngokwenene loo ±0.001, kwaye yeyiphi enokuhlala ngolonwabo kwi-±0.010 ngaphandle kokuhixa. Ukusukela ukuchaneka okungafunekiyo kuyindlela ekhawulezayo yokuvuthela uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali kwaye uphoswe ngumhla wokugqibela. Ndibone imizobo emininzi kakhulu apho yonke imilinganiselo iphawulwe njengebaluleke kakhulu, nto leyo ethetha ukuba umyili akakhange ajijisane nenxalenye yomzimba okanye ityathanga lenkqubo elenzayo. Ukuchaneka kokwenyani kungokomxholo, akugqibelelanga.
I-Material yi-First Cut
Awukwazi ukuthetha ngokuchaneka komatshini ngaphandle kokuqala ngesithuba esingenanto. Apha kulapho iivenkile ezininzi zikhubeka khona. Yithi uqhuba ibhetshi ye-316 engenabala ukuchaneka cnc iindawo machining kwimpahla yaselwandle. Ukuba isitokhwe esikrwada sinobulukhuni obungahambelaniyo okanye uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi olusuka kwilitye lokusila, ulwa nedabi elilahlekileyo kwi-clamp yokuqala. Inxalenye iya kuhamba, iya kujika emva kokusikwa kokuqala, kwaye akukho xabiso lembuyekezo yendlela yesixhobo emnandi iya kukusindisa. Kungenxa yoko le nto ukufunwa kunye nokulungiswa kwangaphambili kwemathiriyeli kusisiqingatha somsebenzi.
Oku kudibanisa nokuba kutheni ezinye iimpahla, njengeQingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology (QSY), zinomphetho xa zibamba zombini ukuphosa kunye nomatshini ngaphakathi endlini. Ndikhumbula iprojekthi yendlu yempompo kwi-duplex steel stainless steel. Inxalenye yavela kwi-Foundry yabo njengendawo yotyalo-mali ekufutshane ne-net-shape. Ngenxa yokuba balawula ukuqina kunye nokuphathwa kobushushu bokuphosa, uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo lwaluncinci. Xa yabetha ii-mills zethu ze-CNC, yayizinzile. Asizange senze ama-60% ezinto eziphathekayo; besisenza ibhore yokugqibela ebalulekileyo kunye netywina lobuso. Ukuchaneka kwakhiwe-ngaphakathi ukusuka ekuthululeni, kungekhona nje ukunyanzeliswa kumatshini. Leyo yiligi eyahlukileyo ekuthengeni isitokhwe sebha kunye nokukhupha yonke into.
I-alloys efana ne-nickel-based okanye i-cobalt-based? Lelinye ibali. Basebenza nzima ngathi bayaphambana. Isicwangciso sakho sezixhobo zokusebenza, isantya sakho kunye nokutya, uxinzelelo lwakho lokupholisa kunye nokubekwa-zonke kufuneka zilungelelaniswe kungekuphela nje ukuchaneka, kodwa ukugcina imeko enokusikwa. Tyhala kancinci kakhulu, ukhazimle umphezulu kwaye ubulale into efakiweyo. Tyhala kakhulu, uvelisa ubushushu obutshintsha izinto eziphathekayo emphethweni. Yingxelo yempendulo apho inkqubo yomatshini ngokwayo inokujongela phantsi ingqibelelo yenxalenye ukuba awufundi iitshiphusi kunye nesandi ngokuchanekileyo.
Apho uNyamezelo luhlala khona luze lufe
Le yintliziyo ephathekayo ye ngokuchanekileyo cnc machining. Ayingomngxuma omnye ogqibeleleyo. Kumalunga nobudlelwane phakathi kwaloo mngxuma, ubuso obunyukayo obuyi-200mm kude, kunye nezibuko elinemisonto kwi-engile ye-45-degree. Imodeli yeCAD igqibelele. Ukuchaneka kwevolumu yomatshini kunokuqinisekiswa. Kodwa ukusebenza kwakho, ukukhula kwe-thermal ye-spindle ngaphezulu kweeyure ezi-8, kunye nokuguga kwikona enye yomhlathi wakho we-vise-ezi zi-gremlins ezidla i-stack-up yakho.
Oku sikufunde kabuhlungu kwibhloko ezahlukahlukeneyo. Amazibuko angamashumi amabini anesithathu, onke afuna ukuchaneka kwendawo ngaphakathi kwe-0.05mm ngokunxulumene nedatha esembindini. Inxalenye yokuqala, eyenziwe ngokuseta enye kwiphalethi entsha, ihlolwe igqibelele kwiCMM. Entle. Saqhuba ibhetshi. Inombolo 15 ayiphumelelanga. Ingxaki? Kwafuneka sijike inxalenye yezinye iimpawu ezingaphantsi. Useto lwesibini lusebenzise iiseti ezahlukeneyo zeendawo. Nokuba kubonisiwe ngokucokisekileyo, bekukho uphambuko oluncinci, olongezelekayo lwe-angular olubonise kuphela kumazibuko awenziwe ngomatshini kwi-op yesibini. Impazamo ibikucwangciso lwethu lwenkqubo, hayi isakhono somatshini. Siyisombulule ngokuyila ngokutsha i-fixture ukuze sivumele zonke iimpawu ezibalulekileyo ukuba zenziwe ngokucinezela enye, nangona oko kwakuthetha ukusebenzisa ilitye lengcwaba elibiza kakhulu. Ixabiso lelo lungiselelo lalingaphantsi kwe-scrap kunye nokusebenza kwakhona.
Isixhobo sokuziva awukwazi ukwenza iNkqubo
Isoftware yeCAM iba nobuchule minyaka le. Kodwa ayinalo ithuku. Kukho umzuzwana ekwenzeni umngxuma onzulu, omncinci we-diameter kwintsimbi-unokuva xa i-drill iqala ukulayisha, ngaphambi kokuba i-torque monitor ide ikhuphe. Kulapho waphula umjikelo, ukuhlehlisa, ukucoca iitshiphusi, kwaye mhlawumbi uhlengahlengise ubunzulu bepeki. Kukuphazamiseka kwinkqubo egqibeleleyo, kodwa igcina isixhobo esaphukileyo esingcwatywe kwisiqingatha esigqityiweyo, inxalenye ebiza kakhulu.
Oku kuvakala kunwenwela ukuya kuthi ga kumphezulu wokugqiba kwimigangatho yokutywina. Inkqubo ithi sebenzisa i-ball-nose end mill ethile kunye ne-stepover ye-Ra 0.8 yokugqiba. Kodwa ukuba inxalenye inomgophe omncinci okanye isixhobo sine-0.01mm yokuphuma, ufumana ipateni ye-cusp evakalelwa kukuba i-Ra meter ithi kulungile. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukulungiswa yincwadana, ecothayo yenqaku elinye lokupasa ngesixhobo esitsha, esizinikeleyo. Ayisebenzi ephepheni, kodwa yeyona nto inikezela ngenxalenye etywina ngokugqibeleleyo ngaphandle kwe-gasket shredding. Awuyi kuyifumana loo nto kwinkqubo yokusebenza eqhelekileyo; kukumthi wesigqibo sochwepheshe.
Uhlolo: ISango lokuGqibela, eliNgathethwano
Ukuchaneka ayisiyiyo le nto ithi yenziwe ngumatshini; koko isixhobo sokulinganisa siqinisekisa. Oku kubonakala kucacile, kodwa umsantsa phakathi kwezi zibini unokuba ngumbulali-shishini. Ndikholelwa ngokuqinileyo ukuba indlela yokuhlola kufuneka ichazwe phambi kokuba i-chip yokuqala isikwe. Ukuba i-groove yangaphakathi ebalulekileyo inzima ukufikelela kunye ne-CMM probe, udinga i-gauge esebenzayo okanye isicwangciso sokuhlola icandelo elinqamlezayo ukusuka ekuqaleni.
Sasebenza kunye QSY kuthotho lwemizimba yevalvu apho ukucaba kweflange kunye ne-perpendicularity yesiqu sobhore kwakubalulekile. Indlela yabo yayiyipragmatic. Abazange nje CMM yonke inxalenye. Basebenzisa i-granite surface plate kunye nesalathisi sokudayela ngokukhawuleza-ukukhangela kwi-flange flatness kumgangatho wevenkile kwi-100% yamacandelo-ukukhawuleza, okuthembekileyo, kunye nokudityaniswa ngokuthe ngqo kumsebenzi. I-CMM yasetyenziselwa inqaku lokuqala kunye nophicotho lwezihlandlo. Lo mxube we-high-tech kunye ne-classic metrology luphawu lwevenkile eqondayo ukuba ukuhlolwa yinxalenye yokuhamba kokwenziwa kwemveliso, kungekhona umqobo owahlukileyo, we-bureaucratic. Imbali yabo ende ekuphoseni kunye cnc machining amalungu ibonisa apha-baye bafaka ngaphakathi ukuba yintoni na ukunyamezela okubalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwizizukulwana zamacandelo.
Iindleko zokwenyani zokuchaneka
Ngoko, ukujikeleza emva. Xa ukhangela ukuchaneka cnc iindawo machining, awuthengi nje ijometri. Uthenga ukuqonda komenzi walo lonke ikhonkco: ukuziphatha kwezinto eziphathekayo, ucwangciso lwenkqubo, ulawulo lwezixhobo, kunye nokuhlolwa kwepragmatic. Esona sicatshulwa sincinci ngenxalenye nganye sihlala sivela kwivenkile etyeshela iindleko zozinzo, kwizinto eziphathekayo nakwiinkqubo zabo.
Inkampani efana Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd., kunye namashumi amathathu eminyaka ekubunjweni nasekusebenzeni, iquka le mbono idibeneyo. Ukukwazi kwabo kunye ne-alloys ekhethekileyo ayingomgca nje kwiwebhusayithi; lulwazi oluphumeleleyo olunzima lwendlela yokuguqula ukuphosa okunzima kwindawo ezinzileyo, enokusetyenzwa engenanto. Eso siseko senza isiphelo ngokuchanekileyo machining inyathelo eliqikelelwayo ngakumbi kwaye lithembekile. Injongo ayisokuze ibe yinxalenye nje elinganisa ngokufanelekileyo. Licandelo elilingana, elisebenzayo, nelihlala lihleli, ngaphandle kwedrama, kuyo nayiphi na indibano emiselwe yona. Nantso ichaneka enexabiso eneneni.
Ekugqibeleni, oyena matshini uchaneke kakhulu ngulowo usetyenziswa ngumntu owaziyo ukuba makangahoyi ntoni kwi-spec sheet kunye noko kufuneka akulwele kumgangatho wevenkile. Okunye kukususwa kwentsimbi kuphela.
