Iyo wunvise 'alloy investment casting', ishusho ihita iba igizwe nibintu byiza byindege. Nibyo, ariko ni verisiyo yuzuye udutabo. Ukuri kumurongo wubatswe ni messier, kurushaho. Igitekerezo gikocamye ni uko ari igisubizo kimwe gusa kubice byose bigoye. Mubyukuri, imbaraga zayo zishingiye kubisesengura bikabije-inyungu ya geometrie irwanya ingano. Birakwiye igikonoshwa ceramic, ibishashara, igihe kinini cyo kuyobora? Kuburyo bworoshye, hafi ya. Kubatwara ibinyabiziga bifite imbere, akenshi niyo nzira yonyine. Ubuhanzi nyabwo ntabwo ari ugukora abakinnyi gusa; ni mu kubimenya mugihe udakoresheje gushora imari rwose.
Imbyino Yibanze: Igishashara, Igikonoshwa, nicyuma
Inzira isa nkumurongo mubitabo: igishashara, igiterane, kubaka igikonoshwa, dewax, gutwika, gusuka. Mubikorwa, buri ntambwe ni imishyikirano. Fata ibishashara. Imiterere yacyo ntabwo ari rusange; ibishashara kubice bito bito bitagira umuyonga igice cyitwara cyitwara kimwe gitandukanye na cobalt. Igipimo cyo kugabanuka kiratandukanye, kandi niba ibishashara byawe bitarimo kugabanuka kwicyuma gikurikiraho, urimo gukuramo inyungu nyuma. Nabonye imishinga aho ibipimo byambere byo gutera ibishashara byimuwe bivuye kumurimo 'usa', gusa kugirango bitange uburyo bugoretse bwabangamiye ubusugire bwuzuye. Nintambwe yifatizo yirengagizwa.
Noneho haza igikonoshwa. Kubara dip-na-stucco kubara ntabwo ari ubushake; ni imikorere ya alloy isuka ubushyuhe hamwe na mass mass. Amavuta ya nikel menshi yasutswe hejuru ya 1500 ° C akenera igikonoshwa gikomeye kugirango arwanye ihungabana ryumuriro hamwe nicyuma. Ibice bike cyane, kandi ushobora guhura na runout cyangwa 'fined' casting kuva igikonjo. Nibyinshi cyane, kandi ufata imyuka mugihe cya dewaxing, biganisha kubishishwa byinshi bihinduka inenge kumukino wanyuma. Nubuhanga bwitondewe - urebye ubunini bwigikonoshwa nuburemere bwicyatsi-cyamajwi nijwi iyo bikubiswe.
Icyiciro cyo gutwika kirakomeye, ariko akenshi gifatwa nkizunguruka ryoroshye. Ntabwo ari ugushonga ibishashara gusa; nibijyanye no guhindura igikonoshwa gikomeye, ceramic ceramic. Ibiciro by'ibiciro bifite akamaro. Byihuta cyane, kandi ibishashara byagutse birashobora kumena igikonoshwa. Buhoro cyane, kandi usize ibisigazwa bya karubone bishobora gutera ubusembwa hejuru kuri casting. Kuri alloys yunvikana kuri karubone, nka duplex ibyuma bitagira umuyonga, ibi nibiza. Umwuka w'itanura ukeneye no kureba.
Guhitamo Ibikoresho: Ntabwo ari ibyuma gusa
Abakiriya bakunze kwerekana ibyuma bitagira umwanda nkaho ari ikintu kimwe. Imyitwarire ya casting ya 304L na 316L, kereka urwego rwimvura igwa nka 17-4PH, iratandukanye cyane. Amazi meza, amarira ashyushye, kugaburira ibisabwa - byose birahinduka. Aha niho uburambe bwigihe kirekire bwubushakashatsi butanga umusaruro. Isosiyete nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), hamwe nimyaka 30 yimyaka, yaba yarubatse isomero ryimbitse, rifatika ryimyitwarire. Urashobora gusoma urupapuro, ariko ukamenya ko umusemburo runaka ushingiye kuri nikel, vuga Inconel 718, ufite ingeso mbi yo gukora amavunja niba ubushyuhe bwo gusuka butagenzuwe cyane, biva mugukuraho uduce duke kugirango twige inzira igoye.
Amavuta adasanzwe, nka cobalt cyangwa nikel-ashingiye, kumenyekanisha urundi rwego. Bakunze guhitamo kurwanya ruswa cyangwa gukora ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, ariko birashobora kuba inyamaswa zuzuye zo guta. Bafite ingingo zo gushonga cyane, zishimangira igikonoshwa sisitemu, kandi urwego rukomeye rushobora kuba ingorabahizi. Kwinjira no kuzamuka kuri ibyo bikoresho ntabwo bisanzwe. Ukeneye ibiryo binini kugirango urwanye kugabanuka kwinshi, hanyuma bigira ingaruka kumusaruro. Kubara ubukungu birahinduka cyane. Igiciro cyigice ntabwo kiri muri ingot ihenze gusa; ni mubyuma usuka gusa kugirango ucike kandi usubiremo.
Aha niho imashini ihuriweho iba idashobora kuganirwaho. Uruganda rutera gusa ni ugusiga amafaranga no kugenzura ubuziranenge kumeza. Gukina ni hafi-net-ishusho yimikorere, ariko 'hafi' nijambo rikoreshwa. Isura yingenzi ya datum, umwobo wubatswe, diameter-kwihanganira gukenera gukenera gukora. Kugira ubushobozi bwa CNC murugo, nkuko QSY ibikora, bivuze ko igice gishobora gutegurwa hamwe nurwego rwose. Urashobora gusiga ububiko bwibikorwa mubice bimwe uzi ko uzabikora nyuma, ibyo bikaba byiza cyane kuruta kugerageza kwihanganira urwego rwa micron kwihanganira ahantu hose, bidashoboka kumubiri.
Imitego nyayo-yisi yose hamwe nubwumvikane
Ibikorwa byibitabo bifata ibintu byiza. Ukuri ntabwo. Kubabara umutwe bigaruka ni intangiriro yo guhindura. Ndetse hamwe nigikonoshwa cyakozwe neza, mugihe cyo gusuka, imbaraga za buoyant zicyuma gishongeshejwe zirashobora kuzamura cyangwa guhinduranya ingirabuzimafatizo yimbere. Nakoze ku nzu ya valve aho imbere yimbere yimbere yahinduwe na 1.5mm gusa, bigatuma icyiciro cyose kidafite akamaro. Gukosora ntibyari mu gusuka; byari mugushushanya ibyingenzi byibanze kandi bigashyigikirwa murwego rwibishashara. Yongeyeho ibyumweru bibiri kuri prototyping timeline.
Isura yo kurangiza ibiteganijwe nayo ikeneye gucunga. Gushora imari bitanga kurangiza neza, ariko 'as-cast' ntabwo ari kimwe na 'mashini'. Kubice byugarije amazi, nkibigize pompe, ubuso runaka bushobora kwemerwa. Kubitera imiti, ntabwo aribyo. Akenshi, uringaniza ikiguzi cyo kugera kurangiza neza (ukoresheje ibikoresho byiza bya ceramic stucco, amakoti menshi) kugirango ugaragaze gusa imashini yoroheje cyangwa iturika nyuma yo guta. Iyanyuma mubusanzwe irizewe kandi ihendutse.
Igihe cyo kuyobora nundi mwicanyi wicecekeye. Abantu babona gusuka byihuse bakibwira ko byihuse. Bibagiwe ibyumweru 2-3 byo gushushanya ibikoresho, icyumweru cyo kubaka ibishishwa no gukama, iminsi yo gutwikwa. Ninzira yapimwe mubyumweru, ntabwo iminsi. Icyifuzo icyo aricyo cyose cyihuta mubisanzwe bivuguruza mugihe cyo kumisha, ni itike itaziguye yo kunanirwa. Nta ruganda ruzwi rugomba kubyemera.
Ibyiza byo Kwishyira hamwe: Kuva Kasting kugeza Kurangiza Igice
Aha niho icyitegererezo cyububiko hamwe nububiko bwimashini, nkibyavuzwe na serivisi za QSY, byerekana agaciro nyako. Iyo gutara no gutunganya biri munsi yinzu, igitekerezo cyo gusubiza kirakomeye. Umukanishi asanga ahantu hakomye cyane cyangwa munsi yubutaka muri zone yihariye ya casting. Ayo makuru asubira muburyo butaziguye kuri injeniyeri. Byari ikibazo cyo gukonjesha? Impanuka idahagije? Barashobora guhindura igishushanyo mbonera cyo gukurikira. Iki kibazo cyo gufunga-gukemura ibibazo ntigishoboka mugihe casting yoherejwe mumaduka yundi muntu wandika ikirego kuri raporo nziza.
Tekereza ibyuma bidafite ingese. Shira, ifite isura ya flange hamwe nu mwobo. Mugushira hamwe, gahunda ya CNC irashobora gutezwa imbere hamwe na casting shrinkage factor imaze gutekwa. Igice gishyizwe hamwe hifashishijwe ingingo zashizweho mugihe cyo gushushanya ibishashara. Ihuzabikorwa rigabanya igihe cyo gushiraho kandi ryemeza ko ibahasha ikora yubahiriza ibipimo bifatika, ntabwo ari moderi ya CAD gusa. Igabanya ibisakuzo kandi byihutisha gutanga.
Ubumenyi bwibintu bugera no hano. Gukora ibishishwa bya cobalt bitandukanye no gutunganya akabari kakozwe muburyo bumwe. Microstructure, ubukana, hamwe nubushobozi bwo gukuramo ibintu biratandukanye. Itsinda ryahujwe rizi guhitamo ibikoresho bikwiye, umuvuduko, hamwe nigaburo bivuye muburambe, wirinda ibikoresho byacitse hamwe nubuso bubi burangirira kumurongo wanyuma, ufite agaciro.
Kurangiza Ibitekerezo: Ubukorikori bufatika
None, ni ubuhe buryo bwo gufata? Gukuramo ishoramari ni imbaraga, rimwe na rimwe ni ngombwa, uburyo bwo gukora. Ariko intsinzi yayo yashyinguwe muburyo butari mu kibanza cyo kugurisha: mu gishashara cy’ibishashara, icyumba cy’igikonoshwa, ubushyuhe bwo gutwika, hamwe nubumenyi bwimbitse bwukuntu amavuta yihariye yuzura kandi agabanuka. Ntabwo ari amarozi; ni urukurikirane rugenzurwa, rujijisha, kumvikana kumubiri.
Icyerekezo, burya, cyerekezo gihagaritse gutanga. Gusa birumvikana. Inzitizi zo kubyara ubunyangamugayo buhanitse zifatanije nintambwe ziza mbere na nyuma yazo kuburyo gutandukana bizana ingaruka nigiciro. Iyo urebye ubushobozi bwabatanga isoko, urutonde rwibikoresho nkibyuma, ibyuma, ingese, hamwe nuduseke twihariye ni intangiriro. Ariko ikibazo nyacyo ni: ni kangahe basutseho ibi, bagatunganya ibi, bagakemura ibibazo bigaragara gusa mugihe ugerageza gukora byombi kugirango ukore igice gikora? Ubwo ni uburambe bufite akamaro.
Mu kurangiza, ni ubukorikori bufatika. Ntabwo ugura casting gusa; urimo kugura ibintu byegeranijwe, akenshi biratsindwa, guca urubanza kumurwi uzi kuyobora urugendo rwose kuva moderi ya 3D ukageza kubintu byuzuye, byizewe mumaboko yawe. Urwo rubanza nigicuruzwa nyacyo.
