Iyo abantu benshi bumvise 'casting precision casting', bashushanya igice cyiza, kirabagirana kigera mumasanduku, neza na neza. Ukuri ni akajagari, birenze, kandi mvugishije ukuri, aho umurimo nyawo ubera. Ntabwo ari ugukora ibishushanyo bivuye kuri moderi ya 3D gusa; ni ibiganiro hagati yubushake nubushakashatsi bwa fiziki, inzira aho 'precision' yinjizwa binyuze mubwumvikane nubumenyi bwimbitse, ntabwo byashyizwe mumashini gusa.
Umukino wa Shell: Birenze Umusenyi
Reka tuvuge kubyerekeye ibishushanyo mbonera, bumwe muburyo bwibanze kuri QSY. Ijambo ubwaryo ni akantu gato ko kwibeshya ku bantu bo hanze - ntabwo ari ukworoha. Nukwubaka iyo ceramic shell layer layer, inzira yunvikana nkabanyabukorikori. Ubusobanuro hano buri mubwiza bworoshye, ingano ya stucco ingano, ibidukikije byumye. Fata kimwe kibi, kandi ituze ryawe rirasa. Twabonye ibishushanyo bifite inkuta nziza, zoroheje zidashobora kwihanganira ihungabana ryumuriro mugihe cyo gusuka, biganisha kumeneka cyangwa kuzura kutuzuye. Ngiyo inzitizi yambere yo kwihitiramo: guhindura igishushanyo mbonera cyo gukora utiriwe utera imikorere yacyo. Rimwe na rimwe, ibyo bisobanura kongera umushinga utagaragara, cyangwa kuganira igice kinini. Umukiriya mwiza wa CAD yerekana akenshi ihura nukuri kwambere kugenzura hano.
Ndibuka umushinga wamazu ya pompe muri duplex ibyuma bidafite ingese. Umukiriya yashakaga imiyoboro y'imbere igoye cyane. Igiceri cyo kubumba gishobora gufata ibisobanuro birambuye, ariko ikibazo cyari icyuma ubwacyo - uburyo bwo kugabanuka gukomeye kwari kugoye. Twagombaga kunyura muburyo butatu bwa riser na gati igishushanyo mbonera, gukata byukuri gukingura ibisigazwa kugirango turebe uko icyuma gitemba kandi kigabanuka. Sisitemu yanyuma yo gutambuka yasaga ntakindi gisa nigitabo cyibitabo. Ibyo nibisobanuro byihariye: inzira ijyanye na geometrie yihariye nibikoresho byihariye. Ntushobora gutandukanya byombi.
Ibi biganisha ku mutego rusange: kurenza urugero-kwihanganira. Ba injeniyeri bakunda gupfundika igishushanyo hamwe no kwihanganira ISO 2768-mK. Ariko ku bice binini cyangwa bigoye ibishishwa byashushanyijeho, gufata ± 0.5mm kwihanganira hejuru ya 500mm ni inyamaswa itandukanye no ku kantu gato. Kenshi na kenshi tugomba gusubiza inyuma, dusobanura aho itandukaniro risanzwe rizabera bitewe no kwaguka cyangwa kugabanuka, hamwe n’aho dushobora rwose gufata ibyemezo bikabije binyuze mubikorwa bigenzurwa. Nibijyanye no gushyira mubikorwa aho bibara, ntabwo ari hose.
Gutera ishoramari: Diyabule irambuye
Noneho, gushora imari (yatakaye-ibishashara) niho ujya kubintu byukuri-tekereza ibyuma bya turbine, ibikoresho byo kubaga. Igishashara cyerekana ibishashara nubuhanzi bwacyo bwijimye. Umuvuduko, ubushyuhe, nigipimo cyo gukonjesha bigena igipimo cyanyuma cyibishashara, bihinduranya igice cyicyuma. Imyitwarire iyo ari yo yose mu gishashara igaragara nyuma. Twigeze kugira igice cyibice byo mu nyanja aho ibishashara byasaga neza, ariko nyuma yo kwangirika, imisatsi myiza yimisatsi yagaragaye mugikonoshwa. Nyirabayazana? Ihindagurika rito mumahugurwa yubushyuhe mugihe cyo guterana ibishashara, bigatera ubukonje butandukanye. Ikintu gito cyibidukikije cyashenye icyiciro cyose. Kwimenyekanisha hano bisobanura kugenzura ibintu byose bihinduka mumurongo, akenshi byubaka ibidukikije mubikorwa bitari mubitabo byose.
Guhitamo ibikoresho biba iby'ingenzi. Kurubuga rwacu, tsingtaocnc.com, turondora gukorana na alloys zidasanzwe nka nikel. Ntabwo aribwo buryo bwo gusimbuza ibyuma gusa. Gusuka ubushyuhe kuri nikel ishingiye kuri superalloy iri hejuru cyane, bigira ingaruka kumyitwarire yibikoresho - bikenera guhinduka cyane. Kugabanuka k'ubushyuhe bwa alloy post-casting nayo iratandukanye. Niba warateguye igikoresho cyicyuma kitagira umuyonga hanyuma ugahita uhindukira kuri cobalt ivanze utabanje guhindura ibipimo byashashara kugirango wishyure ibintu bitandukanye bigabanuka, gukina kwa 'precision' bizaba binini. Guhindura ibintu bitetse muburyo bwa mbere bwo gukoresha ibikoresho, byamenyeshejwe na alloy.
Nyuma yo gukina, urugendo ntirurangira. Hamwe nibice bishora imari, cyane cyane kubikorwa-byuzuye-byuzuye, ukunze kureba HIP (Press Isostatic Pressing) kugirango ufunge micro-porosity imbere. Iyi ni iyindi ntambwe yumvikanyweho. Yongeraho igiciro nigihe, ariko kubice bihura numunaniro wumunaniro, ntabwo biganirwaho. Guhitamo ibi hamwe nabakiriya ni igice cyibikorwa byigenga.
Imashini ya CNC: Umufatanyabikorwa wa ngombwa
Aha niho moderi yuzuye ya Qingdao Qiangsenyuan yumvikana. Nibyiza cyane, gutoranya neza ni 'net-shusho' yiteguye gukoreshwa. Benshi bafite isura ikomeye, guhuza amasura, cyangwa umwobo urudodo ukeneye gutunganywa. Gukorana ni ngombwa. Itsinda ryacu ryimashini izi uko itsinda ryacu rishinzwe gukora. Bazi aho bategereje imirongo yo gutandukana, ibishobora kugoreka gato, cyangwa aho ibicuruzwa byongeweho byatanzwe byizewe. Imbere yimbere ni igice kinini cyo gutanga igice cyanyuma.
Twakoze urukurikirane rwimibiri ya valve mumashanyarazi vuba. Ubuso bwa as-cast bwari bwiza, ariko flange bolt umwobo hamwe nubuso bwa kashe byari bikeneye uburinganire bwuzuye kandi buhagaze neza. Kuberako twakoze byombi, twashoboraga gushushanya casting hamwe na datum yimashini ihuriweho-udupapuro duto twashizwe kumashini ya CNC kugirango tuyifate kandi tuvane. Ubu ni uburyo bworoshye ariko bukomeye bwo kwihitiramo. Ntabwo ari ugukora igice gusa; irimo gutegura urugendo rwose kuva icyuma gishongeshejwe kugeza kirangiye neza. Amaduka yimashini yo hanze ntabwo yagira ubwo bushishozi, bushobora kuganisha kubibazo no gusiba.
Guhitamo gutunganya ibipimo nabyo biterwa na as-cast condition. Igice cyo gukomera 17-4PH ibyuma bidafite ingese bizacibwa ukundi kurenza 316L. Imyaka 30 tumaze mugukora no gutunganya bivuze ko twubatse isomero ryibi bipimo, nikindi gice kidafatika cya 'precision' - ubusobanuro bwubumenyi bwibikorwa.
Ibintu bifatika: Aho Theory ihura nigikombe cyo Gusuka
Tuvuze ibikoresho, urutonde kuri intro yacu - ibyuma, ibyuma, ibyuma, ibyuma bidasanzwe - ntabwo ari menu gusa. Buri muryango witwara nkinyamaswa zitandukanye. Icyuma kijimye gitemba neza kandi kirababarira, ariko kiroroshye. Ibyuma byangiza byongera magnesium yo kuvura. Ibyuma bitagira umwanda, cyane cyane urukurikirane rwa austenitike 300, bigabanuka cyane kandi bikunda guturika bishyushye niba gukomera kutabonetse neza.
Amavuta adasanzwe, nka nikel ashingiye kuri nikel, bari muri ligue yabo. Bakunze kuba kubidukikije bikabije: ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, kwangirika kwinshi. Ariko idirishya ryabo ryo gukina riragufi. Gushonga bigomba kuba bifite isuku, umuvuduko usuka neza, hamwe nubushyuhe bwububiko bugenzurwa kugirango wirinde gukonja imburagihe. Ibi twabyize inzira igoye hakiri kare hamwe na NiCrMo. Chimie yari itunganye, ariko ibizamini bya mashini byarananiranye. Ikibazo cyari micro-shrinkage yatatanye hose. Igisubizo nticyari murwego rwa chimie; byari mbere yo gushyushya ibishushanyo kumurongo wihariye kugirango biteze imbere gukomera. Nubwoko bwibikoresho byihariye bihuza bisobanura iherezo Gukora neza.
Iyi niyo mpamvu udashobora gusubiramo gusa kurutonde rwibiciro bishingiye kuburemere kuriyi mirimo. Iterambere ryimikorere ni igice cyigiciro. Amavuta mashya cyangwa geometrie ikabije akenshi bisobanura gusuka, kugabana, NDT, hamwe no gupima imashini mbere yuko tumurika icyatsi. Nibyo ishoramari nyaryo mubyukuri.
Ibintu byabantu muburyo bwa Digital
Hamwe nibi biganiro byose byubumenyi nubumenyi bwibintu, ibintu byabantu biracyasimburwa. Porogaramu yo kwigana ni nziza-turayikoresha - ariko ni umuyobozi. Urubanza rwa nyuma ruhamagarira igishushanyo mbonera, cyangwa gusobanura radiyo X-yerekana inenge yumupaka, biva muburambe. Ukora icyitegererezo yumva ibishashara byo guhangayika, ukora itanura ucira ibyuma hejuru ya menisque yubushyuhe bwo gusuka neza ... ubu ni ubuhanga butemewe.
Ndatekereza kubatekinisiye b'inararibonye dufite, tumaranye na QSY imyaka irenga makumyabiri. Arashobora kureba ibara ryicyuma gishongeshejwe mu itanura akakubwira muburyo bugereranije ubushyuhe bwarwo, kandi cyane cyane, niba 'butuje' kandi bwiteguye gusuka. Iyo mitekerereze, yubatswe no kubona ibihumbi byinshi bisuka, irinda imivurungano no kwinjiza gaze nta sensor ishobora kwirinda rwose. Mubihe byo kwikora, ubu bumenyi bwa tacit nicyo kintu cyanyuma cyo kwihitiramo umushinga. Nicyo gihindura inzira isanzwe a Gukora neza igisubizo.
Kurangiza, nibyo ijambo rigomba gusobanura. Ntabwo ari umurongo usanzwe wibicuruzwa. Nubufatanye, gukemura ibibazo bitangirana nibitekerezo bikarangirana nibikorwa, byizewe. Nibijyanye no gucunga ibiteganijwe, kuvugana inzitizi, no gushyira mu bikorwa amasomo yatsindiye nkuko bijyanye na metallurgie na geometrie. Ibisobanuro biri mubufatanye kimwe nibicuruzwa.
