Iyo wunvise 'gravity casting', abantu benshi, ndetse nabamwe mubucuruzi, shushanya ibintu byoroshye. Gusa uhengamye hanyuma ureke uburemere bukore akazi, sibyo? Nibyo birenze urugero. Ntabwo ari ukuba primitique; bijyanye no kugenzura. Ubuhanzi nyabwo-hamwe nububabare bwumutwe-bushingiye mugucunga ingufu zumuriro nigishushanyo mbonera kugirango ubone amajwi nta mfashanyo yingutu. Nabonye imirimo myinshi yihuta aho icyuma gisa neza neza hejuru, ariko imiterere yimbere ni akajagari, biganisha kunanirwa kumurongo. Ninzira isaba kwihangana no gusobanukirwa byimbitse uburyo amavuta yawe yihariye yitwara nkuko akonje ntakindi uretse uburemere bwayo.
Ihame shingiro n’aho rihuye
Ku mutima wacyo, rukuruzi ni inzira ihoraho. Ufite ifumbire ishobora gukoreshwa, mubisanzwe ibyuma cyangwa ibyuma, kandi wishingikirije imbaraga za rukuruzi kugirango wuzuze urwobo. Nta pompe, nta gitutu kinini. Ibi biratandukanya numuvuduko ukabije upfa guta ako kanya. Kwuzura biratinda, laminari nyinshi niba ubonye neza. Uru ni urufunguzo rwibikoresho bimwe. Kurugero, hamwe na aluminiyumu ya aliyumu cyangwa bimwe bishingiye kumuringa, kuzuza imivurungano birashobora gutega okiside na gaze, bigatera ahantu hakeye. Imbaraga za rukuruzi zisuka, mugihe sisitemu yo gutambuka yateguwe neza, irashobora kugabanya ibyo.
Ariko ntabwo ari igisubizo kimwe-gikwiye. Irabagirana he? Kubijyanye nubunini buciriritse bwibice bikenera imiterere yubukanishi burenze ibyo usanzwe ukura kumuvuduko ukabije wipfa. Tekereza ibice byimodoka nkamaboko yo guhagarika, imirongo imwe ya moteri, cyangwa amazu manini. Gukomera gahoro munsi ya gravit birashobora kuganisha kumurongo wuzuye. Nyamara, gucuruza ni igihe cyizenguruka hamwe nigiciro cyo hejuru cyibintu byiza, biramba. Nukubara: ubunyangamugayo burenze igice buzasobanura umuvuduko muke ugereranije no gupfa?
Ndibuka umushinga wamazu ya pompe, imiterere igoye cyane hamwe nubunini bwurukuta. Umukiriya yabanje gushaka gupfa guta umuvuduko. Twaburanye rukuruzi mu cyuma kimwe cya kabiri. Impaka zerekeranye no kuramba. Gupfa gupfa byari kwihuta, ariko ubushobozi bwa micro-porosity mubice byimbitse byari ibyago kumitsi. Twakoresheje prototypes inzira zombi. Igice cya gravit-cast igice, nyuma yo gutunganya, cyerekanaga ubunyangamugayo buhoraho mugupima igitutu. Umuntu wapfuye yari afite igipimo kinini cyo gusiba kubera kumeneka. Ibyo kuzuza buhoro no gukomera kwerekezo byatanze itandukaniro.
Sekibi muburyo burambuye: Igishushanyo mbonera no gucunga ubushyuhe
Aha niho haza 'ukuboko k'umunyabukorikori', ndetse n'uyu munsi. Igishushanyo mbonera cyo gukurura imbaraga ni byose. Irembo - uburyo icyuma cyinjira mu cyuho - ntabwo ari umuyoboro gusa; ni sisitemu yo kugenzura ubushyuhe na hydraulic. Ugomba kubishushanya kugirango ugabanye imivurungano ariko nanone kugirango umenye ibice binini bigaburirwa neza nkuko icyuma kigabanuka. Njye namaze amasaha hamwe na software yigana ibintu, gusa ngomba guhindura imiterere nyayo uko byagenda kose kuberako ibikoresho bya software bitari byiza muburyo bwihariye bwa alloy.
Noneho hari ubushyuhe bwububiko. Iyi ni intambara ihoraho. Ubukonje bukabije, kandi ibyuma bizakonja cyane, biganisha ku kwibeshya cyangwa gufunga imbeho. Birashyushye cyane, kandi ushobora guhura nigurisha (casting ifatanye nububiko), ukuzenguruka gahoro, hamwe nintete, imiterere idakomeye. Utezimbere injyana. Shira, usuke, ukonje, usohoke, ongera utere. Ubwoko bw'ikoti bipfa gukoresha-spray-ceramic-spray itera ingaruka zo gukuramo ubushyuhe no kurekura. Kubona ibyo bihamye nubuhanzi burenze siyanse rimwe na rimwe. Isosiyete ifite iyi pat hasi, nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), ikoresha imyaka mirongo yubumenyi bwa tacit. Urashobora kubibona muburyo bwo gukina kwabo. Bamaze imyaka irenga 30 (https://www.tsingtaocnc.com), kandi ubwo bunararibonye busobanurwa muburyo buryo bwo kuyobora ibizunguruka byubushyuhe bwibikoresho bitandukanye, kuva ibyuma bikozwe muri nikel bishingiye kuri nikel.
Kunanirwa kunyigishije byinshi kwari ukuboko kworoshye-kugaragara ukuboko kwicyuma. Igishushanyo mbonera cyasaga nigitabo. Ariko twakomeje kubona ububobere buke muburyo bukomeye bwo gutwara ibintu. Twagerageje kongera ubushyuhe busuka, twongera risers ... ntakintu cyakoze. Hanyuma, umusaza mukuru washinze inama yadusabye gushyiramo akantu gato, kayobora cyane umuringa wa chill pin murukuta rwubatswe ahateganye nikibazo. Ntabwo yari mu gitabo icyo ari cyo cyose twari dufite. Byatumye kiriya kibanza cyihariye gikomera mbere, kiyobora kugabanuka gusubira kuri riser. Ikibazo cyakemutse. Byari isomo rikabije mugucunga ubushyuhe bwaho.
Guhitamo Ibikoresho no Kugarukira
Imbaraga rukuruzi ni byinshi, ariko sibyo. Amavuta ya aluminium na magnesium arasanzwe, akenshi kubwamazi meza. Umuringa na bronzes zimwe zisuka neza. Ibyuma n'ibyuma nabyo bikozwe muburyo bwo gukwega imbaraga, nubwo akenshi mubibumbano byumucanga aho kuba ibyuma bihoraho kubera ubushyuhe bwabyo bukabije, byangiza ibyuma byihuse. Iyo urebye inzobere nka QSY, ubuhanga bwabo bukoresha shell mold hamwe nishoramari hamwe nubushobozi bwabo bwo gukora. Ibi birababwira. Gravity casting muburyo buhoraho nigikoresho kimwe. Kuri super-ubushyuhe bwo hejuru cyane cyangwa geometrike igoye cyane, barashobora kwimuka mugushora imari. Guhitamo buri gihe biterwa nimyitwarire yibikoresho hamwe nibisabwa byanyuma.
Imipaka hamwe nuburyo buhoraho rukuruzi ni mubyukuri kubyibikoresho byihanganira ubushyuhe. Ntabwo uzasuka ibyuma bishongeshejwe bidafite umuyonga kuri 1500 ° C + mubyuma inshuro nyinshi - byagenda bikangirika vuba. Rero, kubintu byukuri-bishonga-ingingo, urabona kwimukira kumurongo umwe wa ceramic shell molds (ishoramari) cyangwa umusenyi, aho igitambo gitambirwa. Ihame rya 'gravit' rishobora gukoreshwa mugusuka, ariko sisitemu yububiko iratandukanye. Iri ni itandukaniro rikomeye akenshi ryerekanwe hejuru.
Twagerageje rimwe hamwe na cobalt ishingiye kubice. Umukiriya yashakaga kwihanganira kwambara ariko yizeye ko bizahoraho kubiciro. Urubanza rwabaye impanuka. Ndetse hamwe na ceramic yateye imbere, ihungabana ryumuriro kumyuma yabumbabumbwe ryabaye ibyago nyuma yo gusuka bike. Tugomba gusubira inyuma tugasaba inzira ishoramari isobanutse neza, amaherezo bakoresheje. Ugomba kumenya imipaka y'ibikorwa.
Kwishyira hamwe no Gukora: Urujya n'uruza
Hafi nta gice cya gravit-cast igice cyarangiye nk-cast. Ugomba gukora imashini isura ikomeye, gucukura umwobo, ongeraho insanganyamatsiko. Aha niho hashobora gutegurwa uburyo bwo gukina hifashishijwe imashini. Guhoraho ni umwami kumashini. Niba uburyo bwawe bwo gukina butanga itandukaniro mubyimbye byurukuta cyangwa ahantu hakomeye kuva gukonjesha kutaringaniye, uzatwika ukoresheje ibikoresho hanyuma ubone gutatanya ibipimo. Gukora neza rukuruzi inzira igomba kubyara amafaranga ateganijwe, amwe.
Nibyiza byo gukora bihagaritse ibikorwa. Isosiyete ikora casting na CNC ikora munsi yinzu imwe, nka QSY, ifite ibitekerezo byingirakamaro. Itsinda ryimashini ribwira uruganda niba lug runaka ihora ikomeye, cyangwa niba isura ya datum ifite itandukaniro ryinshi. Uruganda rushobora noneho guhindura imbeho ikonje cyangwa isuka ikurikirana. Nukwishyira hamwe bihindura casting nziza mubice byizewe, byuzuye. Urubuga rwabo (https://www.tsingtaocnc.com) yerekana ubu bufatanye - ntabwo ari urutonde rwa serivisi gusa; ni ibisobanuro byerekana ibicuruzwa bihujwe.
Ndibuka icyiciro cyamazu ya aluminiyumu aho umusaruro wo gutunganya wagabanutse gitunguranye. Abakanishi binubiraga kwambara ibikoresho byihuse hejuru yimbere yimbere. Abakinnyi basaga neza. Twabikurikiranye kugirango duhinduke muburyo bwo gupfuka ikoti. Byatumaga ako gace k'ububiko kagenda gakonje gato, bigakora microstructure nziza, ikomeye kuri iyo sura ya casting. Guhindura gato inzira ya spray ya robot yarayikosoye. Hatabayeho amakipe yo gutora no gutunganya imashini avuga buri munsi, icyo kibazo cyashoboraga kumara ibyumweru.
Imitego isanzwe nuburyo bwo kubyirinda
Kurenga kubintu bya tekiniki, hariho imitego ifatika. Imwe murimwe iragora cyane kubumba kugirango igabanye imashini. Rimwe na rimwe, bihendutse guta imiterere yoroshye hamwe na mashini kure yicyuma kuruta kubaka no kubungabunga ibishusho bigoye cyane hamwe na core yoroshye. Undi ni ukwirengagiza gahunda yo gufata neza. Kumeneka, isuri mumarembo, yubatswe ikoti yipfa - ibi bitesha agaciro buhoro buhoro. Ukeneye gahunda ihamye yo kugenzura no kuvugurura.
Umutego munini, uko mbona, ni kuvura rukuruzi nk'uburyo bwa 'tekinoroji-yo hasi' bityo rero gushora imari mukugenzura inzira. Kugenzura isuka yubushyuhe neza, kugenzura ahantu h'ubushyuhe bwubushyuhe, ukoresheje ubuziranenge bwiza, ibikoresho byuzuye - ntabwo ari ahantu ho guca inguni. Inzira ya rukuruzi irababarira muburyo bumwe, ariko ihana ukudahuza bikabije. Inenge ntishobora kugaragara kugeza ibizamini byanyuma cyangwa, bibi, mumurima.
Hanyuma, itumanaho nuwashushanyije ni ngombwa. Ukeneye kenshi kubigisha kumurongo wimfuruka, inzibacyuho nziza yurukuta, nakamaro k ibice bimwe muriki gikorwa. Igishushanyo cyiza cyo guhimba cyangwa guhimba gishobora kuba inzozi zo guta neza. Uruhare rwambere ninzira nziza yo kwirinda umushinga uteye ikibazo. Nibijyanye no gushyiraho ibiteganijwe bifatika bishingiye kuri fiziki yicyuma gitemba kandi kigakomera munsi yuburemere bwacyo - igitekerezo cyoroshye cyibeshya, mubikorwa, bisaba uburambe bwimbitse kugirango umenye.
