Urumva 'icyuma cyijimye' nabantu benshi, ndetse nabamwe mubice byegeranye n’inganda, bahita batekereza 'bihendutse,' 'shingiro,' cyangwa 'ishuri-rya kera.' Ngiyo imyumvire ya mbere itari yo. Ntabwo ari ukubahenze gusa; nibijyanye no kuba igikoresho cyiza kumurimo munini wimirimo aho ubushobozi bwo kugabanya, ubushyuhe bwumuriro, hamwe na machinability ari umwami. Igishushanyo cya grafite - 'imvi' mwizina ryacyo - ntabwo ari inenge; nibiranga injeniyeri. Nicyo kibiha kuranga kugabanuka, gushiramo vibrasiya nka sponge. Nabonye imishinga irenze urugero ibyuma cyangwa ibyuma byubatswe cyangwa inzu, birukanka imbaraga zingana, gusa kugira inteko yose hum kandi ikumvikana kuko birengagije damping. Aho niho ibara ry'icyuma atuje aratsinda.
Kurenga Igitabo: Ukuri kwimikorere nijwi
Ibitabo bizaguha karubone ihwanye, gukonjesha. Isi nyayo iguha amajwi. Nziza, yuzuye ibara ry'icyuma ifite impeta isobanutse, yuzuye amajwi iyo ikubiswe byoroheje. Urusaku rwijimye? Ibyo akenshi bisobanura ibibazo - kugabanuka, kwishongora, wenda gukingirwa nabi. Numurongo wambere, igorofa-igeragezwa rimaze igihe kinini kuruta ibizamini bya ultrasonic. Ndibuka igihe nasuye uruganda, ahari ahantu nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), wakumva umuyobozi wamanutse kumurongo wabakinnyi bashya, akubita buriwese inyundo nto, akumva. Iryo jwi nigitekerezo gihita kijyanye no gushonga no gusuka.
Kubona iryo jwi rihamye, nubwo, ntabwo bijyanye na chimie yicyuma gusa. Byerekeranye no kubumba. Umucanga wicyatsi nicyiza, ariko kubintu bigoye no kurangiza hejuru, gushushanya ibishishwa niho ubona ubwiza nyabwo. Umusenyi ushyizweho na resin ikora ibishishwa bikomeye, bituma urukuta ruto kandi rurambuye kurenza umucanga wicyatsi gakondo ushobora. Aha niho uburambe bwumushinga bubwira. Bagomba gucunga imbaraga zubushyuhe butandukanye - shell shell ikonjesha ibyuma byihuse, bigira ingaruka kumiterere ya grafite. Niba inzira idahamagarwa, urashobora kurangiza ukoresheje imbeho ikonje cyangwa microstructure idahuye, ukica imashini nyuma.
Kandi machinability nubutaha bukurikira. Ibyo bikoresho bya grafite bikora nkibikoresho byubatswe. Urashobora gufata ibice bikarishye, imitwe ivunika neza, kandi ubuzima bwibikoresho nibyiza cyane ugereranije nibyuma. Ariko - kandi ibi ni binini ariko - iteganya matrike ihamye, isaro. Niba icyuma ari ferritic cyane, kibona gummy. Carbide yubusa cyane kuva gukonja byihuse, kandi uzatwika ukoresheje inama. Ntabwo ugura casting gusa; urimo kugura ibyuma bya metallurgji inyuma yacyo.
Urugero rwa QSY: Aho Gutera Guhurira Kumashini
Urebye urwego rwisosiyete irakubwira byinshi kubyerekeranye no gusobanukirwa ibikoresho. Fata ibikorwa bya QSY, kurugero. Bashyiraho urutonde rwibishishwa hamwe nishoramari hamwe na CNC itunganya, ikorana nicyuma hamwe nudasanzwe. Kwishyira hamwe ni ingenzi. Uruganda rukora kandi imashini rwumva ingaruka zo hasi zo gutara kwabo. Bazi ko ihinduka rito mumurongo wo gutandukana cyangwa igishushanyo mbonera cyateguwe kitagira ingaruka kubibumbano gusa - birashobora gusobanura uburyo bwiyongereye, bubi ku ruganda rwa CNC, wongeyeho ikiguzi nigihe cyigihe. Iyo caster yawe itekereza nkumukanishi, ubona ibice byiteguye rwose.
Urutonde rwibintu byabo narwo ruvuga. Gutanga ibara ry'icyuma kuruhande rwa stainless na nikel alloys ntabwo ari menu gusa. Irerekana ko bishoboka gutunganya itanura no gutandukanya ibikenewe. Ntukeneye ibintu bya tronc biva mumashanyarazi maremare yanduye yanduza umurongo wawe wicyuma, kuko ikintu nka chromium gishobora guteza karbide mumyuma, bigatuma bidashoboka. Uruganda rutondekanya urutonde rwihariye mubisanzwe rufite iyo disipuline.
Ibi bifite akamaro kubintu bimeze nka hydraulic valve umubiri cyangwa inzu ya compressor. Urashobora gukenera ibice byimbere byashyizwe kumurongo-hafi (aho igiceri kibumba cyiza), isura yuzuye ya flange, hamwe nicyambu. Niba uruganda ruguha gusa casting ikavuga ngo 'amahirwe masa,' ufite ibintu byinshi kandi bigerageza imbere. Ariko niba barangije gukora datum yibanze hamwe ninteruro zikomeye, nkibyo iduka ryahujwe rikora, uri imbere y'ibirometero. Guhagarara kwicyuma kijimye bituma biba inzozi zo kwihanganira cyane kuri ayo masura.
Kunanirwa n'amasomo: Iyo Icyuma Cyijimye kivuga Oya
Ntabwo ari igisubizo kuri byose. Ibi nabyize inzira igoye hakiri kare hamwe nigice cya pompe iremereye cyane. Igishushanyo cyari gifite inguni zongeye kwinjira mu mfuruka n'ubugari bw'uburinganire. Twasunikishije icyuma cyijimye kubera ingengo yimari ikenewe. Igisubizo? Amarira ashyushye. Ibisanzwe. Ibice byoroheje byakomeye kandi bigabanuka mbere, bikurura icyuma gishongeshejwe mubice binini, kandi cyarashwanyaguritse. Kugabanuka kwicyuma kugereranije gukenera kugaburira neza no gushushanya riser. Aho niho haza ibihangano byabashushanyo. Twagombaga gusubira inyuma, kongeramo ibyuzuye ahantu hose, gukora kumurongo winzibacyuho, no gukoresha ubukonje mubibumbano kugirango tubone gukomera. Cyakoze, ariko cyongera igihe.
Irindi somo: kurwanya ingaruka. Ntugasabe kuba inyundo. Igishushanyo cya grafite ni intumbero yibibazo. Gukubita gukabije birashobora gutera kuvunika gukwirakwira neza kuri flake. Nabonye ibyuma bisa nkibikomeye byuma byamazu byacitse bivuye kuri tine ya forklift yunamye muburyo butari bwo. Kubice bifite ibyago byose byo guhungabana, uragaragaza ibyuma byangiza. Nuburyo bwibanze bwo guhitamo bugomba gukorwa neza kurubaho.
Ruswa ni iyindi mipaka. Bizaba ingese. Kubikorwa byinshi byinganda murugo, ikote ryirangi ni ryiza. Ariko kubijyanye no gutunganya ibiryo cyangwa ibidukikije bimwe na bimwe bya chimique, urareba nikel-chrome ductile ibyuma cyangwa ugahindura umwanda. Icyatsi cyoroshye cyoroshye nacyo kigarukira hano. Ntushobora gushingira kuri yo kugirango irwanye ruswa.
Kugaragaza neza: Ikiganiro na Fondasiyo
Ntabwo wohereje igishushanyo hamwe na Material: Icyuma cyumuhondo ukacyita umunsi. Ikiganiro ni ikiganiro. Turimo tuvuga ASTM A48 Icyiciro cya 35? Icyiciro cya 40? Umubare wibyiciro nimbaraga zingana muri ksi. Ariko icyingenzi kuruta umubare uri kuri seritifike ni microstructure spec. Urashobora guhamagara byibuze pearlite (vuga, 90%) kugirango wemeze imashini no kwambara birwanya. Urashobora kwerekana ingano ya grafite (Ubwoko A, ubunini 4-5 nibisanzwe mubuhanga rusange). Aha niho gufatanya nabashoramari babishoboye bitanga umusaruro.
Igisubizo cyiza cya tekiniki kuva muruganda ntiruzasubiramo amagambo yawe gusa. Bazabaza kubyerekeye imikorere, gupakira, gahunda yo gutunganya. Bashobora gutanga igitekerezo cyo guhindura uburebure bwurukuta rwa milimetero cyangwa ebyiri kugirango barusheho kugaburirwa. Bashobora gusaba guhinduranya gato kugirango birinde ubusembwa bujyanye numusenyi mumaso ikomeye. Iyi inyuma-ninyuma niyo ihindura igishushanyo mubintu byakozwe. Ni itandukaniro hagati yigice gikora nigice gikora neza mumyaka.
Kubice byinshi cyane, iki kiganiro kigera kubikoresho. Icyuma gihoraho cyo gushushanya ibishishwa nigiciro cyambere cyo hejuru, ariko hejuru yibice 10,000, igiciro kuri buri gice kigabanuka cyane. Kuri prototypes cyangwa kwiruka bigufi, urashobora gukoresha 3D-icapishijwe umucanga. Ubuso burangije hamwe nuburinganire bwukuri ntibizaba byiza nkibishishwa byuzuye bivuye mubyuma, ariko biguha ibice bikora mubyumweru, ntabwo amezi. Nubucuruzi-butanga isoko nziza izaguteganyiriza.
Niche Kwihangana Mwisi Yubuhanga Bwinshi
Mubihe byo guhimba no gukora inyongeramusaruro, ibara ry'icyuma Yumva bisa. Ariko izo ni imbaraga zayo. Nibisubizo byinshi, byizewe, bidahenze kubisubizo byibanze. Tekereza ibikoresho byimashini ibitanda, moteri ya moteri, imitwe ya silinderi, flawheels, disiki ya feri ya gari ya moshi. Ubushobozi bwayo bwo kugabanya kunyeganyega buracyari hafi kubindi bikoresho ku giciro cyacyo. Ni urufatiro rutuje, ruhamye rutuma umuvuduko mwinshi wihuta hamwe nu murongo uyobora umurongo ugana imashini ikora akazi kabo.
Ahantu nka QSY, hamwe nimyaka mirongo mumikino, babonye ibikoresho nibikorwa biza kugenda. Kuba bagitondekanya icyuma cyane bivuze ko icyifuzo gihamye. Ntabwo ari byiza, ariko ni ngombwa. Ubumenyi ntabwo buri mu mfashanyigisho gusa; ni mumaduka yububiko, mumashanyarazi ashonga, mumajwi yiyo kanda.
Igihe gikurikira rero urareba ibintu biremereye, bokisi, bigizwe nuburyo bugoye bigomba kuba bikomeye, bikoreshwa, kandi byica byinyeganyeza, ntukirengagize icyuma kijimye. Gusa menya neza ko usobanukiwe n'amategeko yacyo. Igishushanyo mbonera ndetse no gukomera, vuga microstructure, kandi ukore hamwe na fondasiyo itekereza kurenga. Fata ubwo burenganzira, kandi ufite ibice bizarenza imashini yubatswe.
