Iyo umuntu avuze serivise nziza zo gutunganya CNC, ikintu cya mbere kigaragara mubitekerezo byinshi ni imashini ifite umugenzuzi mwiza kandi isezeranya micron. Icyo ni igice cyacyo, byanze bikunze, ariko nigice cyoroshye. Ikibazo nyacyo, kandi aho agaciro gaherereye, ntabwo ari ukwihanganirana gusa; ni mu gusobanukirwa kwihanganira ari ngombwa, ni byiza-kubana, nuburyo inzira yose - kuva guhitamo ibikoresho kugeza kumurongo kugeza nyuma yo gutunganywa - ikorana kugirango yemeze cyangwa isenye ubwo busobanuro. Nabonye amaduka menshi, ndetse nabakiriya, bamanikwa ku cyapa cyimashini mugihe birengagije urusobe rwibidukikije. Aho niho ibintu bigenda kuruhande.
Urufatiro: Ntabwo ari Imashini gusa
Urashobora kugira urusyo rutanu ruheruka, ariko niba ibikoresho byawe bidahuye, urwana urugamba rwo gutsindwa kuva mugitangira. Aha niho hambere nka QSY ihinduka akarusho. Gukora imyaka isaga 30 mugukina no gutunganya, babonye uburyo guhangayikishwa imbere kwimbere cyangwa gutandukana gake mubigize amavuta biva mubice bishyushye bishobora guteza akaduruvayo mugihe a gutunganya neza CNC gutunganya ukwezi. Ntabwo ari ugutunganya gusa ububiko; ni gusobanukirwa amateka yibikoresho. Gukorana nudusimba twihariye nka cobalt-ishingiye kuri nikel ntabwo ari igikorwa cyo kugenzura. Ibi bikoresho birakomera, birababaje, bikwirakwiza ubushyuhe muburyo butandukanye. Gutegura gahunda hamwe nuburyo bwibikoresho bya 304 ibyuma bidafite ingese na Inconel 718 biratandukanye nisi, nubwo igishushanyo mbonera cyanyuma gisa. Ibisobanuro nibyinshi mubumenyi bwa siyansi kumenya-uko biri muri G-code.
Ndibuka umushinga wibikoresho bya hydraulic valve, bisa nkibyoroshye. Icapiro ryasabye kwihanganira bore. Icyiciro cya mbere, cyakozwe mububiko busanzwe, cyatsinze QC ariko birananirana mugupima umurima munsi yigitutu - kugoreka gake, ariko bihagije gutera kumeneka. Ikibazo cyagarutse ku cyerekezo cy'ibicuruzwa biva mu bubiko. Twahinduye gukoresha impimbano yuzuye, ifite ingano imwe. Ibikoresho byo gutunganya, umuvuduko no kugaburira, byabaye ngombwa ko byongera guhindurwa kubera ko ibintu byahimbwe bitwaye ukundi munsi yo gukata. Serivise isobanutse hano irimo gusaba ubundi buryo bwo gutangira, ntabwo ari ugukata gusa. Nubwoko bw'urubanza ruva muburambe bwambukiranya, ubwoko ubona bwahujwe ahantu nka Ikoranabuhanga rya Qingdao Qiangsenyuan (QSY), aho guta no gutunganya munsi yinzu imwe imenyesha imyitozo yombi.
Indi nkingi ikunze kwirengagizwa ni uguhuza. Kubikorwa byukuri-bisobanutse neza, cyane cyane mubunini buke, kuvanga ibintu byinshi, ibintu byabigenewe ntibishobora kuganirwaho. Intego nukwigana inteko yanyuma yo guterana cyangwa gukora umusozi wa kinematike ugabanya imihangayiko no kugoreka. Nataye amasaha nkurikirana icya cumi (0.0001) gusa namenye ko vise yatangaga imihangayiko kuruta gukora imashini. Rimwe na rimwe, ikintu cyukuri ukora ni ugushushanya no gukora imashini ubwayo mbere yuko ukora ku gice.
Inzira: Aho Igitekerezo gihurira Igorofa
Reka tuvuge kubyerekeranye no gutunganya ibintu. Igitekerezo gikocamye ni uko ibisobanuro bihanitse bisobanura gufata uduce duto, buhoro buhoro igice cyose. Nuburyo bwiza bwo gutera ubushyuhe no gutandukanya ibikoresho. Uburyo bworoshye kuruta ubundi ni imvange: bikabije kugirango ukureho ibintu byinshi kandi uhagarike imihangayiko y'imbere, hanyuma umanuke buhoro buhoro kugeza urangije passes. Imicungire yubushyuhe irakomeye. Kubirindiro byindege bigoye twakoraga, twagombaga guteganya ibihe byo gukonja hagati yibikorwa ndetse tunakoresha ubukonje bugenzurwa nubushyuhe kugirango igice kigumane dogere selisiyusi. Imashini yumuriro wumuriro irashobora gukora byinshi cyane.
Guhitamo ibikoresho no kuyobora nibindi byobo byurukwavu. Gukoresha karbide rusange-urusyo kugirango urangize icyuma gikomeye cyicyuma ntigishobora gutuma urangiza hejuru cyangwa kuramba. Twimukiye gukoresha ibikoresho bisize diyama kubikoresho bidafite ferro hamwe na geometrie yihariye yo kurangiza ibyuma. Ariko ntabwo ari ukugura igikoresho cyiza gusa. Nibijyanye no gukurikirana ibikoresho byambara mugihe nyacyo, haba muburyo bwa probe cyangwa se amajwi no kugenzura imitwaro. Igikoresho cyambarwa ntigitanga gusa kurangiza nabi; isunika ibintu, ikora ibipimo bidahwitse. Iwawe Serivisi zo gutunganya CNC protocole ikeneye kugira igikoresho gikomeye ubuzima nubugenzuzi cadence yatetse.
Noneho hariho metrologiya. Ntushobora gusaba ibisobanuro utabanje kubigenzura. Kugira CMM nibyiza kubigenzuzi byanyuma, ariko murwego rwo kugenzura ni urufunguzo. Gukoraho gukoraho kubikoresho byimashini ningirakamaro mugusuzuma ibintu byingenzi nyuma yo kubitunganya, bikemerera porogaramu yo hagati. Ariko wibuke, iperereza risubirwamo hamwe na geometrike yukuri ni ibintu bitandukanye. Ibi twabyize inzira igoye kumurongo wibyapa bihuza. Iperereza ryavuze ko umwobo utunganijwe neza, ariko CMM yerekanye ikosa ryo kuzenguruka gato. Ikibazo cyari akantu gato ko gusubira inyuma mu kuzenguruka umurongo utagishoboye kumenya. Noneho, dukoresha iperereza kugirango tugenzure imyanya igereranijwe kandi twishingikirije kuri CMM kugirango tumenye neza neza imyanya. Nibijyanye no gukoresha igikoresho cyiza kurwego rwo kugenzura neza.
Ikibazo mu ngingo: Amazu yoroshye yo gutwara
Ndashaka gutandukanya igice gisa nkicyoroshye: inzu itwara pompe yihuta. Ibisobanuro byasabye kwihanganira B7 kwihanganira, hejuru yubuso bwihariye, no gutambuka kumaso. Ibikoresho byari duplex idafite ibyuma - bikomeye kandi gummy. Ikigeragezo cya mbere, ukoresheje ibisanzwe bitatu-jaw chuck no gutunganya ibintu byose muburyo bumwe, byananiye kugenzura perpendicularity. Imbaraga zifata zagoretse igice cyoroshye.
Twongeye guhindura inzira. Igikorwa cya mbere: imashini isura isura hamwe na diametre yerekana inyuma mugice kimwe, ikora neza. Igikorwa cya kabiri: fungura igice hanyuma ushireho ukoresheje mandel yihariye ikora diameter iherereye, ushyire igitutu kubice bikomeye, usige aho bore yubusa. Ibi byakuyeho kugoreka. Kuri bore ubwayo, ntabwo twongeye kuyisubiramo gusa. Twakoresheje umurongo urambiranye ufite umutwe-uhindura neza, dufata pasiporo ebyiri zo kubara kugirango tubone igitutu gisigaye. Igikonjesha cyahinduwe kuri formulaire yo kwisiga kugirango irusheho kurangiza ibintu bya gummy.
Ibisubizo byari bihamye, mubice byihariye. Ariko igice cya serivisi cyari inyandiko yatanzwe twatanze - urupapuro rwabigenewe na raporo y'ubugenzuzi yerekana neza uko twabigezeho. Uku gukorera mu mucyo guhindura akazi kamwe mubufatanye bwizewe. Nubujyakuzimu bwa tekinoroji yubuhanga isobanura ukuri gutunganya neza utanga, ntabwo iduka ryakazi rifite imashini nziza.
Iyo Icyitonderwa Cyane Atari Igisubizo
Ibi birashobora kumvikana, ariko igice cyingenzi cyo gutanga izi serivisi ni ukumenya igihe cyo kubagira inama. Ntabwo buri kintu kiranga igice kigomba gufatwa kuri ± 0.01mm. Kurenza-kwerekana ibiyobora igiciro no kuyobora igihe cyihuse. Umufatanyabikorwa mwiza azasuzuma igishushanyo mbonera (DFM) hanyuma abaze: Ni ubuhe butumwa bukorwa? Iyi radiyo ikeneye kuba umwirondoro wukuri, cyangwa ni ukwemererwa gusa? Nakijije abakiriya amafaranga menshi mugutanga ubunini busanzwe bwimyitozo aho kuba umwobo wahinduwe, cyangwa kwihanganira urwego rwubucuruzi kurwego rudakomeye, mugihe nibanda kuri bije yuzuye kubintu bibiri cyangwa bitatu byingenzi mubikorwa.
Aha niho inganda zikora zifasha. Kuri QSY, hamwe nibishusho byabo hamwe nubushobozi bwo gushora imari, barashobora gutanga inama kubijyanye no guterera ikintu hafi ya net, kugabanya umubare wa Imashini ya CNC asabwa kugirango agere ku busobanuro bwa nyuma. Ubu ni uburyo bwubukungu kandi rimwe na rimwe bwubatswe muburyo bwiza kuruta gutunganya ibintu byose uhereye kumurongo ukomeye. Nuburyo bwuzuye bwubuzima bwibigize.
Kunanirwa ni umwarimu. Kera kare, twafashe akazi ko gukora sensor ya aluminium. Igice cyari gifite imbavu zimbitse. Twirukanye ibisobanuro ku mwobo uzamuka, ariko twirengagije gusuzuma gahunda y'ibikorwa. Twakoze imbavu zanyuma, kandi kurekura ibibazo byumubiri byatumye igice cyose kigoramye gato, tujugunya umwobo. Isomo? Rimwe na rimwe, ugomba kubanza gukora ibintu byoroshye cyane, cyangwa ugashyiramo intambwe zo kugabanya ibibazo. Icyitonderwa ni urukurikirane, ntabwo ari aho rugana gusa.
Ikintu cyumuntu muburyo bwa Digital
Hanyuma, ntitukibagirwe gahunda na nyirubwite. Porogaramu igezweho ya CAM irashobora gutanga code ikora neza, ariko ntishobora kwigana ubushishozi bwumukanishi w'inararibonye. Ubwo bushishozi bukubwira kwegera inguni ikarishye imbere hamwe nuburyo butandukanye bwo kwirinda kuganira kubikoresho, cyangwa guhindura igipimo cyo kugaburira kuko amajwi yo gukata ntabwo ari meza. Ubu bumenyi butuje nicyo gikemura icyuho kiri hagati yimiterere ya digitale nigice cyumubiri.
Amahugurwa no gukomeza ni ngombwa. Umuntu washyizeho agomba kumva impamvu inyuma yimpapuro. Kuki igice gifatanye hano kandi ntigihari? Ni ukubera iki urutonde rwibikoresho rwerekanwe? Iyo basobanukiwe intego, barashobora gukemura neza ibibazo ndetse bakanatanga ibitekerezo byiterambere. Uyu muco wo gukemura ibibazo nicyo gitandukanya abakozi ba tekiniki na buto-basunika.
Amaherezo, serivisi nziza zo gutunganya CNC ni isezerano ryo guhanura no kugira ireme. Nisezerano ryubatswe mubice bitatu: ibyuma bishoboye (imashini, ibikoresho, metrologiya), ubumenyi bwimbitse (ibikoresho, urutonde, fixturing), hamwe nubuhanga bwabantu. Nuguhuza ibyo byiciro, nkuko bigaragara mubikorwa bihagaritse ibikorwa, bihora bitanga kuri iryo sezerano. Ntabwo ari amarozi; ni ubwitonzi, rimwe na rimwe birababaje, burigihe burambuye-akazi. Kandi iyo byose bishyize hamwe, nibwo ubonye ibice bidahuye gusa nurupapuro rwihariye, ariko bikora bitagira inenge kwisi.
