Iyo wunvise 'gushora ibice byimodoka', ishusho ihita ikunze kuba muribintu bigoye, byaka cyane bya turbocharger cyangwa ibimoteri bigoye. Nibyo, ariko kandi niho hatangirwa imyumvire mibi yinganda: gutekereza ko ari kubintu byohejuru-byohejuru, bike-bidasanzwe. Mubyukuri, inzira yashizwemo bucece mubikorwa byinshi, ariko ibibazo birahinduka rwose. Ntabwo ari ugukora imiterere gusa; ni ukugira ngo ibeho ibirometero 200.000 byizuba ryumuriro hamwe no kunyeganyega nta kunanirwa, no kubikora kubiciro bidatuma umuyobozi ushinzwe amasoko ahinda umushyitsi. Nabonye imishinga aho igishushanyo cyari cyiza kuri ecran ariko inzozi mbi muruganda, nabandi aho guhinduranya byoroshye kurugero rwakijije amahirwe yo gutunganya. Reka tuganire kubyo bisaba rwose.
Ubujurire bwibanze: Impamvu Imodoka ikomeza kugaruka mubushoramari
Itetse kuri geometrie no kuba inyangamugayo. Kubice nka gushora ibice byimodoka nk'amazu ya sensor afite imiyoboro y'imbere, cyangwa imitwaro yoroheje yububiko bwa EV ya bateri, ntushobora guhimba cyangwa kuyikoresha mumashanyarazi akomeye mubukungu. Ubushobozi bwa net-shusho nubushobozi bwambere. Urimo kuzigama imyanda yibikoresho, cyane cyane hamwe na aliyumu ihenze, kandi ugabanya amasaha yo gutunganya kabiri.
Ariko dore nuanced bito spes rimwe na rimwe ibura: guhuza metallurgical. Igice cyiza cyishoramari, iyo inzira ihamagarwa, ifite imiterere imwe, inoze neza. Ibi nibyingenzi kubice munsi yibibazo. Ndibuka umushinga wa moteri ya mazutu yuzuye ya mazutu-isanzwe gushora ibice byimodoka Porogaramu. Ikibazo ntabwo cyari imiterere; yarindaga amarira ashyushye mubice bito hagati yicyambu. Twanyuze mubyerekezo bitatu bya ceramic shell resept hanyuma duhindura ubushyuhe bwo gusuka kuri 25 ° C gusa kugirango tubone gukomera imbere. Nubwoko bwamaduka-yoguhuza moderi ya CAD itakwereka.
Aha niho abafatanyabikorwa bashinze igihe kirekire berekana agaciro kabo. Isosiyete nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), hamwe nimyaka mirongo itatu mugikonoshwa no gushora imari, ifite uburambe. Babonye icyakorera ibyuma bitagira umuyonga EGR valve umubiri hamwe na nikel ishingiye kumazu ya turbine. Ubwo bumenyi bwihariye-kumenya uburyo, vuga, 17-4PH idafite umwanda izitwara mugihe cyo gukuraho ibishishwa - ntibisimburwa. Irinda ikigeragezo gihenze-na-kwibeshya kumafaranga yawe.
Ukuri kwa Gritty: Ubworoherane, Ubuso, hamwe no Gukora Intoki
Ntamuntu uri murwego rwo gutanga amamodoka afite uburambe bwo gukina kugirango arangize ibice bikomeye. Amasezerano yo kwihanganira abaterankunga akenshi aba afite ibyiringiro byo guhuza ibice. Igice cyose gikenera datum, kandi niho haza imashini ya CNC. Ubuhanzi nyabwo buri muri gahunda yo gutunganya: guhitamo ibice byo gutera hafi-net hamwe nogusiga ububiko burenze kugirango bisukure.
Ibi nabyize inzira igoye hakiri kare hamwe na bracket yohereza. Twashizeho kugirango ibe net-shusho nziza, igamije gukuraho imashini. Ikosa rikomeye. Kugoreka gato kuvura ubushyuhe byasobanuraga ko umwobo wa bolt wagendaga uhagije kugirango utere ikibazo gikwiye kumurongo winteko. Twagombaga gusiba icyiciro cyose cyindege. Gukosora? Twarayishushanyijeho kugirango tujugunye umubiri nyamukuru kugirango dushyireho ariko dusiga amafaranga menshi yo gutunganya kumaso yose akomeye. Igiciro kuri buri gice cyaragabanutse kuko umusaruro wazamutse. Ubu buryo bukomatanyije nimpamvu rwose ibikorwa bihuza casting no gutunganya munsi yinzu imwe, nkuko QSY ikora nibyabo gushora imari amashami ya CNC, ufite akazi keza. Abakanishi bavugana nabasore bashinze burimunsi; bazi uburyo igice gishobora guterana kandi gishobora gutangiza gahunda ikurikije.
Kurangiza ubuso ni urundi rugamba. Ubuso bushobora kugaragara neza, ariko kubice bibona umuvuduko wamavuta cyangwa bifite O-ring groove, as-cast porosity irashobora kuba inzira yamenetse. Dukunze gutondekanya kurangiza kumashini hejuru yikimenyetso, nubwo cyongera intambwe. Urufunguzo ni ukuvugana neza mugushushanya. Nibyo Ra 3.2 μm isabwa kubice byose, cyangwa isura ya flange gusa? Kudasobanuka hano bisaba amafaranga nigihe.
Guhitamo Ibikoresho: Ntabwo ari Imbaraga gusa
Genda mumateraniro yubuhanga iyo ari yo yose, kandi ikiganiro cyibintu byiganjemo imbaraga zingana ningingo zitanga umusaruro. Kuri gushora ibice byimodoka, iyo ni itike yo kwinjira gusa. Ugomba gutekereza kubijyanye na castability, gusudira (kubiterane), hamwe na machinability hepfo.
Fata inzira igana ibice byinshi bisohora ibyuma bidafite ingese kugirango birwanye ruswa. AISI 316 nibyiza kubora, ariko ni gummy kumashini. Guhindura urwego rwimashini nka 303, cyangwa nuburyo bwihariye bwo gutunganya imashini kuva kubishingwe, birashobora kugabanya ibikoresho bya CNC byigihe nigihe cyizunguruka. Umufatanyabikorwa nka QSY, urutonde rwinzobere mu kuvanga ingese kandi zidasanzwe nka cobalt na nikel zishingiye kuri nikel, arashobora gutanga inama kuri ibyo bicuruzwa. Bashobora gutanga igitekerezo, nkurugero, karuboni nkeya yicyiciro cyicyuma niba igice kigiye gusudwa nyuma, kugirango hirindwe imvura ya karubone muri zone yibasiwe nubushyuhe.
Noneho hariho coefficente yo kwagura ubushyuhe. Ku iteraniro rihuza inzu ya aluminiyumu hamwe nicyuma cyinjizwamo ibyuma, ukenera ibinure bikinisha neza. Kubona ibyo bibi biganisha kumaganya asigaye no kunanirwa umunaniro imburagihe. Nibyo guhitamo ibintu bitandukanye gutandukanya prototype ikora nibikorwa-biteguye, biramba.
Uburyo bwo Kunanirwa n'amasomo bigisha
Ntabwo wumva neza inzira yo gukora kugeza ubonye binaniwe. Ikintu kimwe cyibukwa cyane ni igice cyimibiri ya aluminium. Batsinze igenzura ryose ariko bananiwe kugerageza umuvuduko wa moteri. Nyirabayazana? Micro-shrinkage porosity mubice byimbitse hafi yimigozi igenda, itagaragara kuri X-ray kuri frequence yacu. Uruganda rwagombaga guhindura sisitemu yo kwinjira kugirango igaburire neza utwo turere mugihe cyo gukomera. Byari ibintu bisanzwe byo gushushanya imikorere ariko ntabwo byakozwe.
Undi mutego uhuriweho ni ugusuzugura ibiciro bigoye. Wongeyeho ko ikintu kimwe cyimbere cyimbere gishobora gusa nkubuntu mugushushanya, ariko niba bisaba ingirabuzimafatizo ya ceramic yoroheje kandi ifite igipimo kinini cyo kumeneka mugihe cyo kurasa, igiciro cyawe gishobora kwikuba kabiri. Nicaranye nabashakashatsi batunganya aho twapimye byukuri ikiguzi cyo kongeramo intangiriro no gucukura ibiranga mubikorwa bya kabiri bya CNC. Rimwe na rimwe, gutunganya bihendutse. Intego ya gushora imari ntabwo ari ugukuraho imashini zose; ni uguhindura igiciro cyose cyarangiye, cyemewe igice.
Inararibonye zirashimangira impamvu protocole yubuziranenge itanga isoko idashobora kuganirwaho. Ntabwo ari ubugenzuzi bwa nyuma gusa. Byerekeranye no kugenzura inzira kuri buri cyiciro: guhuza ibishashara bihoraho, ceramic slurry viscosity, ibipimo bya dewaxing, chimie yashonze ibyuma, hamwe no kuvura ubushyuhe. Sisitemu ikomeye ifata gutandukana mbere yuko biba ibisakuzo. Mugihe cyo gusuzuma inkomoko, burigihe ndabaza kubijyanye nigenzura ryimibare yimibare (SPC) kubipimo bikomeye hamwe na raporo yabo yambere yo kugenzura raporo yimbitse.
Kazoza: Kuremerera, Amashanyarazi, hamwe nubwihindurize
Ikinyabiziga gifite amashanyarazi kirimo guhindura gushora ibice byimodoka imiterere. Ibice biratandukanye: amasahani akomeye yo gukonjesha kubipaki ya batiri, aluminiyumu yoroheje cyangwa ibice bya magnesium byubatswe, hamwe nubunini bukomeye bwamashanyarazi. Ingano ni ndende, isunika inzira igana kuri automatisation mu guteranya ibishashara no kubaka ibishishwa kugirango bikomeze kandi bigere ku ntego.
Hariho kandi umurimo ushimishije mubikorwa bya Hybrid. Kurugero, guteramo ibintu byinshi mubyuma bidafite ingese ariko ugasiga udupapuro twa stratégies kugirango nyuma yo gutunganya ibyambu bya sensor. Cyangwa ukoresheje icapiro rya 3D kugirango ukore ibishushanyo mbonera bya ceramic kubice bya ultra-complexe prototype ibice, ukirengagiza ibishashara gakondo byashushanyijemo burundu kubiruka bigufi. Aha niho inganda zigana - guhuza ikoranabuhanga rishaje kandi rishya.
Ubwanyuma, intsinzi muriki gice ntabwo ari ukugira agatabo keza cyane. Nukugira uburambe bwimbitse bwo kugendana ubwumvikane hagati yubushakashatsi, fiziki yibintu, nubukungu bwumusaruro. Byerekeranye nabafatanyabikorwa bashobora kureba igishushanyo bagahita bashira ahabona ahantu hashyushye, bagatanga igitekerezo cyiza-cyuzuye cya radiyo, cyangwa bagasaba amanota y'ibikoresho azakora neza muri serivisi. Ubwo bufatanye bufatika, bukemura ibibazo nibyo bihindura igishushanyo cyiza muburyo bwizewe, buhendutse bwimodoka yibinyabiziga biva kumurongo, uko umwaka utashye. Nibyo agaciro nyako k'ibikorwa, birenze kure ubushobozi bwacyo bwo gukora imiterere myiza.
