Iyo wunvise 'uruganda rukora ishoramari,' niki kiza mubitekerezo? Kuri benshi, ni agatabo karabagirana kuzuye ibice byoroshye, bigoye. Ukuri, umunsi-ku-gusya, ni ikindi kintu cyose. Ntabwo ari bike kubijyanye nifoto yanyuma nibindi byinshi bijyanye numunuko wibishashara byahiye mugitondo, ibipimo bitagira iherezo bihindura superalloy nshya, hamwe nubwoba butuje mugihe igikonyo cyacitse mugihe cyo kwangiza. Ijambo ubwaryo rirashobora kuyobya - ryerekana intego imwe. Mubyukuri, amaduka meza ntabwo ari fondasiyo gusa; bahujwe no gukemura ibibazo, gukemura icyuho kiri hagati yicyitegererezo cya CAD nikintu gikora, cyuzuye-ubunyangamugayo. Abaguzi benshi bakosorwa ku giciro cyibice cyangwa igihe cyo kuyobora, bakabura ikibazo gikomeye: guhuzagurika munsi yubushyuhe bwumuriro, ubudahemuka buringaniye kumwanya wa gatanu wa cumi, hamwe nubumenyi bwa metallurgical-uburyo bwo gukumira gutsindwa kwicyiciro gihenze amezi atandatu kumurongo.
Ibitekerezo Byibanze: Ni Gusuka Ibyuma
Reka duce inyuma. Ikosa rikomeye nukureba ishoramari nkigikorwa cyibicuruzwa. Kohereza igishushanyo, ubona igice. Niba aribyo. Agaciro nyako k'umuhinguzi kari mubibaho mbere yuko ibyuma bitabona itanura. Fata ibikoresho. Aluminiyumu ihendutse, yihuse yapfuye irashobora kuzigama $ 5k imbere. Ariko niba idafite igishushanyo mbonera gikwiye, cyangwa kwaguka kwayo ntigomba kubarwa, uzabona ibishashara bigoretse bigashiramo inzozi mbi nyuma yo guta. Nabonye imishinga aho 'kuzigama' kubikoresho byatumye habaho igihombo cyimibare itandatu mugusiba no gutinda guterana. Amaduka kabuhariwe, nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), azajya impaka, rimwe na rimwe bikomeye, kugirango igikoresho gikorwe neza. Ntabwo ari byiza; birinda ibiza. Imyaka mirongo itatu mumikino bivuze ko bashobora kuba barakoze ikosa ugiye kwishyura.
Noneho hari ibishashara. Ibishashara byose byatewe ntabwo bitwara kimwe. Kubirindiro byindege byoroheje cyane, ukenera ubukonje buke, bwamazi menshi kugirango ufate amakuru meza nta kimenyetso cyo kurohama. Ku mubiri uremereye wa valve umubiri, ibishashara birakomeye ningirakamaro kugirango wirinde guhinduka mugihe cyo gukora. Guhitamo ntabwo ari ubushake; ni umuhamagaro wurubanza ushingiye kuri geometrie, alloy, hamwe nuburyo bukurikira bwo kubaka shell. Ndibuka akazi kumashanyarazi ya pompe aho twahindukiye mumashanyarazi ya polymer. Igiciro cyikiciro cyazamutseho 15%, ariko kugabanuka gusanwa gusudira kumukino wanyuma kubera kurangiza neza neza byakijije umukiriya hejuru ya 40% mugiciro cyo kurangiza. Nibyo kubara.
Kubaka igikonoshwa? Aho niho ubuhanzi buhurira na siyanse. Ntabwo ari ukurohama gusa. Ubukonje bwijimye, ibidukikije byumye (kugenzura ubushuhe ni inyamaswa), umubare wamakoti - buri gihindagurika ni lever igira ingaruka ku mbaraga nimbaraga. Igikonoshwa gikomeye cyane kizacika mugihe cyo gusuka; bidashoboka, kandi ubona gaze. Nijoro naraye mu iduka hamwe nabatekinisiye, mpindura ifu ya zirconi muri kote yambere ya koti yambere igice cyijana kugirango nkureho ibyuma byinjira mumazu yicyuma. Ibi ntabwo biri mu gatabo. Ari mubitabo byanditse hamwe no gusangira gucika intege mugihe ikizamini cyatsinzwe.
Ibikoresho bya Maze: Amavuta ntabwo aremwa angana
Umuntu wese avuga ko akorana n '' ibyuma bidafite ingese 'cyangwa' nikel ishingiye kuri nikel. ' Shitani iri mumpapuro zerekana: 316L na 316, Inconel 718 na 625. Itandukaniro akenshi riba muburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe nuburyo icyuma cyitwara mugihe cyo gukomera. Gutera ishoramari ninzira yihuse yo gushimangira, ishobora kuganisha ku gutandukanya ibintu bivangavanze niba bitagenzuwe. Kuri sosiyete nka QSY, urutonde cobalt na nikel nk'inzobere, iyi ntabwo ari agasanduku. Bisobanura ko bahamagaye mugusuka ubushyuhe, kubumba mbere yo gushyushya, no gukonjesha byihariye kubikoresho byoroshye.
Urugero rufatika: twigeze gukoresha icyiciro cya cobalt alloy (Stellite 6) yambara amasahani. Chimie yari itunganye, ariko ibice byerekanaga micro-crack. Ikibazo? Igikonoshwa gisanzwe twakoresheje kuri stainless cyari gifite igisubizo gitandukanye cyumuriro. Imyumbati ya cobalt, hamwe nuburyo butandukanye bwo gukomera, yari ikeneye igikonoshwa cyahinduwe gike cyo kuvanga kugirango kibashe kugabanuka. Gukosora ntibyari mu ishami ryo gushonga; yari yagarutse kuri tank. Uku kwishyira hamwe navuze. Igikorwa cyo gukina ni urunigi, kandi ihuriro ridakomeye ntabwo buri gihe aho utegereje.
Iyi niyo mpamvu urutonde rwibikoresho byakozwe ninkuru, ntabwo ari menu. Iyo ubonye 'ibishishwa bidasanzwe,' shakisha byimbitse. Baza ibijyanye n'uburemere busanzwe bwo gusuka kuri ayo mavuta, urwego rugoye bagezeho, kandi - cyane - niba bakora isesengura ryabo bwite murugo. Gutegereza amasaha 24 kuri raporo ya laboratoire yo hanze mugihe ubushyuhe bwicyuma bwicaye mu itanura ni ibintu byiza cyane ntawe ushobora kubigura.
Aho Imashini Ihurira: Ukuboko kwa CNC
Nta gushora imari mubyukuri 'net-shusho.' Hama hariho datum mumaso kumashini, guhuza isura kugirango irangire, hamwe nudodo two gukanda. Aha niho icyitegererezo cyahujwe gushora imari na Imashini ya CNC imikorere yerekana amabara yukuri. Inyungu nyamukuru ntabwo yorohereza ibikoresho (nubwo aribyo); ni ubwenge buke.
Itsinda ryimashini ikorana na fondasiyo yiga ibisambo byayo. Bazi ko kumuryango runaka wibyuma bya turbine baterwa muri Inconel, hari amafaranga ateganijwe, adahwanye na stock yimigabane - wenda 0.7mm kuruhande rumwe, 1.1mm kurundi ruhande, ukurikije uko igikonoshwa kiva. Gahunda zabo za CNC zirashobora kwandikwa kugirango zihuze itandukaniro ryateganijwe, guhitamo inzira yibikoresho no kubungabunga ubuzima bwaciwe. Niba gukina no gutunganya ari ibintu bitandukanye, iki gitekerezo cyo gusubiza kiratinda, gisanzwe, kandi akenshi cyatakaye mubisobanuro. Umukanishi abona igice gifite 'ibitunguranye' kandi ashinja uruganda; uruganda ntirwibagirwa ibibazo bya mashini.
Ku kigo cyahujwe, inzira ya nyuma yo gukina ni ugukomeza. Igice cyateguwe hifashishijwe imashini mubitekerezo. Dukunze gutanga inama yo kongeramo udupapuro duto twibitambo hejuru yingenzi kugirango dutange ahantu hizewe kuri CNC, ikintu cyaba igitekerezo (cyangwa kidashoboka) mugihe inzira zahukanye. Gusura urubuga rwabo kuri tsingtaocnc.com, urashobora kubona ibi bitemba: uhereye kumasuku ya casting, ibice byimukira mubugenzuzi bwa CMM hanyuma bikerekeza kuburiri bwa CNC. Uku gukomeza kugabanya ibyangiritse, kugabanya igihe cyo kuyobora, kandi cyane cyane, byubaka inshingano zisangiwe kubwiza bwanyuma.
Ububiko bwa Kunanirwa: Amasomo muri Scrap Bin
Wiga byinshi kuri casting yananiwe kuruta iyuzuye. Umuntu wese uvuze ukundi arimo kugurisha ikintu. Kera mugihe cyanjye nkorana nibi bikorwa, twari dufite gahunda yo kugurisha ibyuma bigoye cyane. Porotipire yari nziza. Mu musaruro wuzuye, twatangiye kubona kuvunika bidasanzwe. Nyirabayazana? Impinduka muri inoculant ikoreshwa mugutunganya ibyuma, ihujwe nigipimo cyihuta cyo gukonjesha gato mumashya yacu mashya, manini manini. Ibyuma bya metallurgie byari byumvikana ku mpapuro, ariko imikoranire yabyo yari ihagaze. Twabikemuye duhindura ibumba mbere yubushyuhe hanyuma dusubira inyuma muburyo budasanzwe, ariko ntabwo mbere yo gukuraho icyiciro gikomeye.
Uru ni uruhande rudashimishije. Uruganda rwiza rufite ububiko bwizi nkuru - ibyabo hamwe ninganda za rubanda. Bagomba kuba paranoid kubijyanye na drift. Iyo igice gishya cyumucanga cyangiritse kigeze, bakora igishishwa cyikizamini? Iyo ubuhehere bumaze kwiyongera muri Nyakanga, bahindura ukwezi kwumye? Uku kuba maso mubikorwa nibyo uburambe bwimyaka 30, nka QSY references, bivuze mubyukuri. Ntabwo ari imyaka 30 yo gusubiramo; ni imyaka 30 yo guhuza nibihumbi bito bihinduka.
Ubundi buryo bwa 'gutsindwa' ni ugutumanaho nabi kuri spes. Igishushanyo gisaba Ubukonje bwa 125 Ra max. Nkabakinnyi, dushobora gukubita. Ariko niba umukiriya akeneye kurangiza imashini kuri ubwo buso akibagirwa kubyandika, igice ntacyo kimaze. Noneho, iduka rifite uburambe rizafata ibi. Bazabona kwihanganira gukomeye kuri bore cyangwa inoti yerekeranye na kashe hanyuma bahamagare kugirango babisobanure: Urimo gutunganya iyi sura? Kuberako nkabakinnyi, ntidushobora gufata ubwo buringanire. Ukwo guhamagara kuri terefone, ako kanya ko gushidikanya no gusobanurwa, bifite agaciro karenga igihumbi cyuzuye ariko cyunvikana nabi.
Igipimo nyacyo: Guhoraho mugihe kirekire
None, ucira ute an uruganda rukora ishoramari? Ntugasabe gusa icyitegererezo cyiza. Baza amakuru yimibare igenzura (SPC) kubipimo byingenzi kurwego rurerure. Baza kubyerekeye ijanisha ryabo ryambere. Baza uburyo bwabo bwo kuzuza ibikoresho bishya cyangwa isoko rishya. Ibisubizo bizakubwira byose.
Intego ntabwo ari ugukora ikintu kimwe cyigitangaza cyerekanwa mubucuruzi. Nukubyara numero 500 hamwe nubwizerwe nkubufindo numero 1, imyaka itanu itandukanye, niyo injeniyeri yumwimerere yakoresheje ikiruhuko cyiza. Ibi bisaba sisitemu, ariko kandi n'umuco wubaha ubukorikori. Numukambwe wuburambe wumukambwe wumva akurura gato ku gishashara kandi azi ko urupfu rukeneye gusukurwa mbere yuko CMM ibendera ikosa rinini.
Ubwanyuma, gufatanya nuwabikoze ni ukugera kububiko bwabo bwibibazo byakemuwe nibiza bikumirwa. Byerekeranye nubushake bwabo bwo kuvuga ko igishushanyo kizaba ikibazo, dore impamvu mbere yuko ibyuma bicibwa. Iyo urebye portfolio uhereye kumurongo uhuza Igikonoshwa hamwe no gutunganya neza, urimo kubona ibisubizo byanyuma byibyo bitekerezo byahujwe, bikemura ibibazo. Igice ntabwo cyakozwe gusa; ni injeniyeri, yavutse muburyo butekereza buri ntambwe kuva mucyumba cyibishashara kugeza kumurongo wanyuma. Nibintu byihishe inyuma yijambo ryibanze.
