Iyo abantu benshi bumvise 'imashini itera inshinge', bashushanya igice kimwe, monolithic - ubwoko bwa printer ya 3D yinganda. Ngiyo imyumvire ya mbere itari yo. Mubyukuri, ni sisitemu, kandi imashini ubwayo, igice cyo gutera inshinge, nigice kigaragara cyane. Inkuru nyayo ibaho mugutegura ibiryo, itanura ryangirika, hamwe nitanura ryacumuye. Nabonye imishinga myinshi ihagaze kuko batanze bije yo murwego rwohejuru imashini itera inshinge ariko wibagiwe inzira yubushyuhe bwo hasi. Imashini ni syringe yuzuye; ni chimie no kuvura ubushyuhe byubaka igice.
Intangiriro ya Sisitemu: Birenze Gutera inshinge
Reka tuvuge kubyerekeye gutera inshinge. Ntabwo ari nko guterwa inshinge za plastike, aho ushonga ukarasa. Ibiryo bigaburira hano ni ivangavanga ryifu yicyuma cyiza na polymer binder. Ubukonje buroroshye. Niba imashini ya barriel yubushyuhe bwahagaritswe na 10 ° C muri zone, urashobora gutandukana - kuva amaraso ava hejuru cyangwa ifu igatuza. Ndibuka kwiruka kubintu bimwe bito, bigoye ibyuma bidafite ibyuma byo kubaga. Twakoresheje imashini yakozwe nu ruganda rwo mu Budage, rukomeye nkibintu byose, ariko twakomeje kubona inenge ya laminar. Ikibazo ntabwo cyari igitutu cyimashini cyangwa imbaraga za clamp; cyari igishushanyo mbonera. Byarakaze cyane kubwibyo byatsi byogosha. Tugomba gukorana nuwitanga ibikoresho kugirango duhindure sisitemu ya binder. Ubushobozi bwimashini busobanurwa nuburyo buhuye nibikoresho, ntabwo ari tonnage gusa.
Imbaraga za Clamp nizindi. Abantu barabyitayeho. Dukeneye imashini ya toni 50! Kubice byinshi bya MIM, ni gake ukeneye imbaraga nini kuko wuzuza utuntu duto. Ibisobanuro biri mubipimo, kugenzura amasasu, hamwe nubushobozi bwo gufata umuvuduko uhoraho, utinda inshinge kugirango wirinde indege. Umutego rusange ni ugukoresha byihuse umuvuduko wo gutera inshinge, ufata umwuka kandi ugatera icyuho kigaragara nyuma yo gucumura. Porogaramu igenzura imashini igomba kwemerera ibyo gutinda, ibyiciro byinshi. Numukino mwiza.
Noneho hariho akabari hamwe no kwambara screw. Ifu y'icyuma irakuraho. Ndetse hamwe nibice bikomye, urareba gahunda yo kubungabunga birakomeye kuruta ibya plastiki. Nakuyemo imigozi nyuma yumwaka wo gukora 17-4 PH ibiryo bitagira umwanda bisa nkumusenyi. Ihindura ingano ya metero ya metero, bigira ingaruka kumurasa. Ntabwo wiga ibyo mubitabo; urabyiga uhereye kumurongo wibiro biremereye buri shift ukabona drift.
Gukora-cyangwa-Kumena: Gutesha agaciro no gucumura
Aha niho amarozi no kubabara umutwe biri. Urashobora kugira igice cyicyatsi kibisi uhereye kubyiza imashini itera inshinge, no kuyangiza rwose mu ntambwe ikurikira. Catalitike yo gusiba, gusohora ibishishwa, gusohora amashyuza-buriwese afite itanura ryihariye kandi agategeka sisitemu yo gufunga. Twigeze kugerageza kuva mubitungwa bizwi cyane tujya mubindi bihendutse kugirango tugabanye ibiciro kubakiriya bakora ibikoresho byimbunda. Amatungo mashya yakoresheje binder itandukanye. Itanura ryacu ryaka, twatunganije imyaka, ubu byari bibi. Ibice byarabyimbye kandi biracika kuko igipimo cyo gukuraho binder cyarihuse cyane. Icyiciro cyose, ibice ibihumbi byinshi, byavanyweho. Imashini yakoze akazi kayo neza; inzira yubumenyi yarananiranye.
Gucumura ni impinduka zanyuma. Ikirere cy'itanura (hydrogen, azote-argon ivanze, vacuum) ni ngombwa. Kuri sosiyete nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), hamwe namateka yabo yimbitse mugukina no gutunganya ibishishwa bidasanzwe, iyi ni ihuriro ryingenzi. Basobanukiwe n'ubushyuhe bwo hejuru. Gukoresha nikel ishingiye kuri cobalt cyangwa cobalt ishingiye kuri superalloys binyuze muri MIM ninyamaswa itandukanye nibisanzwe. Ubushyuhe bwubushyuhe, gufata ibihe, hamwe nigipimo cyo gukonjesha byerekana neza imiterere yanyuma yubukanishi no kwihanganira ibipimo. Kugabanuka birateganijwe, hafi 15-20%, ariko ntabwo ari isotropique neza. Ikirebire, cyoroheje kizagabanuka muburyo butandukanye nububiko bunini. Urishyura ibyo mubishushanyo mbonera, ariko ukeneye inzira yo gucumura kugirango ube urutare rukomeye kugirango wizere izo ndishyi.
Aha niho ibikorwa bihagaritse ibikorwa byumvikana. Amateka ya QSY mugushora imari no gutunganya CNC bibaha inyungu zitandukanye. Basobanukiwe hafi-net-shusho yo gushiraho no kurangiza neza. Igice cya MIM gikunze kuvamo gucumura gikeneye CNC yoroheje - gucukura umwobo wukuri, gusya datum mumaso. Kugira ubwo buhanga bwo gutunganya murugo bivuze ko bashobora gutegura inzira ya MIM kugirango batezimbere leta yacumuye, bazi neza uko izarangira. Nuburyo bwuzuye ibintu byinshi-bikinisha MIM iduka ryabuze.
Igikoresho: Umufatanyabikorwa Wicecekeye
Ntabwo ikiganiro cyimashini cyuzuye kitavuze kubumba. Ibikoresho bya MIM ni byinshi-bisobanutse neza, akenshi hamwe nuburyo bwinshi bwa cavity kuri ibi bice bito. Gucuruza ni ngombwa. Kuberako ibiryo bitarimo amazi, kwimura ikirere birakomeye. Twakoresheje ibishushanyo hamwe na vacuum ifashwa na venting ihujwe na platine. Ibyuma bibumbabumbwe bigomba gukomera, nka H13, ariko bigahinduka indorerwamo. Agace gatoya gashobora gukurura ibimenyetso no kongera imbaraga zo gusohora, birashoboka kugoreka igice cyicyatsi kibisi.
Imiyoboro ikonje nubundi buhanzi bworoshye. Urashaka gushiraho byihuse kugirango ugabanye igihe cyizuba, ariko gukonjesha byihuse birashobora gutera impagarara. Nabonye ibikoresho aho twagombaga gukora ubushyuhe butandukanye bukonje muri zone zitandukanye kugirango duhuze kuzuza no gukonjesha igice kitoroshye. Nibisubirwamo. Ukoresha igishushanyo mbonera (DOE) kuri imashini itera inshinge: hindura gushonga temp, umuvuduko wo gutera, fata igitutu, nigihe cyo gukonjesha, hanyuma upime icyatsi kibisi nubunini. Noneho uhindura igikoresho, birashoboka ko wongeraho neza kugirango ufate ibikoresho byanyuma, hanyuma ukore DOE. Nibiganiro hagati yimashini nibikoresho bya geometrie.
Imikorere-Isi Yukuri hamwe nibikoresho bifatika
Reba inganda: ubuvuzi, amenyo, imbunda, ibyuma byimodoka, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki. Igice cyigice cyerekana ikiguzi cyo hejuru cyo gukoresha ibikoresho no gutezimbere. Ubusanzwe porogaramu irashobora kuba ibyuma bitagira umuyonga cyangwa ibyuma bigoye bya nikel-alloy turbine ya micro-drone. Guhitamo ibikoresho, nkuko byerekanwe n'ubuhanga bwa QSY hamwe n'amavuta adasanzwe, ni binini. Ariko buri cyaha cyibikoresho bitandukanye. Titanium MIM isaba itanura ryinshi cyane. Tungsten iremereye cyane ifite protocole yazo.
Ubwiza bwa MIM burimo guhuza ibice byinshi murimwe. Twakoze umushinga wo gutera moteri yimodoka - igice cyari gisanzwe gikozwe mubice bitatu bitandukanye byegeranye hamwe. Twabishizeho nkigice kimwe cya MIM muri 316L idafite umwanda. Ikibazo cyari ukugera ku buso busabwa mu gice cya lisansi imbere biturutse ku gucumura, kugirango wirinde gutunganywa. Byatwaye amezi menshi yo guhindura ingano yifu yifu mu kugaburira no mu kirere cyangiza kugirango ugabanye ububobere ku rwego rwemewe. Uruhare rwimashini kwari ugukora icyatsi kibisi kitagira inenge rwose nta cyuho cyimbere gishobora guhinduka ibyobo nyuma.
Kunanirwa numwarimu ukomeye. Kera, twari dufite umushinga wa ceramic MIM (ikoresha ihame ryimashini imwe). Twabifata nk'icyuma. Ntibikwiye. Inzira yo gutwika kuri ceramic binder yari itandukanye rwose, kandi kugabanuka kwicyaha byari hejuru ya 25%. Ibice byaragabanutse cyane. Yatwigishije ko imashini ari urubuga runyuranye, ariko ubumenyi bwibikorwa - gutesha agaciro no gucumura - ni ibintu byihariye kandi ntibishobora kwimurwa. Ntushobora gutekereza ubuhanga mubyuma bisobanura alumina cyangwa karubide ya silicon.
Kwishyira hamwe hamwe nigihe kizaza
Noneho imashini itera inshinge icara uyu munsi? Biragenda bihuzwa. Imashini zigezweho zahujwe no gukurikirana inzira, gukurikirana imyirondoro yerekana amafoto mugihe nyacyo no kuyigereranya nu murongo wa zahabu. Niba hagaragaye drift, irashobora kumenyesha uyikoresha mbere yuko igice kibi gikorwa. Ibi bigenda byerekeza ku nganda 4.0, aho amakuru ava mumashini yatewe inshinge, itanura ryangirika, hamwe nitanura rya sinteri byose bifitanye isano nubwiza bwanyuma.
Kubakora nka QSY, guhuza MIM kuruhande rwibikonoshwa byabo, gushora imari, no gutunganya CNC bikora portfolio ikomeye. Umukiriya arashobora kuzana nibintu bigoye cyane mugukora imashini gakondo, bifite ingano iringaniye (ibice 10k-100k kumwaka), kandi bisaba ibikoresho-byo hejuru. MIM ihinduka igisubizo cyiza. Barashobora gukora urugendo rwose: igishushanyo mbonera cya MIM, guhitamo amatungo, guhimba ibikoresho, kubumba, kubuza, gucumura, no gutunganya neza neza - byose munsi yinzu. Ibyo bigenzura ubuziranenge kandi bigabanya guterana amagambo.
Mu kurangiza, imashini niyingenzi ikomeye, ariko ni ibiragi idafite urusobe rwibinyabuzima bikikije siyanse yubumenyi bwibikoresho, ibikoresho byubushyuhe, hamwe nibikoresho byuzuye. Ubuhanga nyabwo ntabwo ari ugukoresha itangazamakuru; ni mukumenya gutunganya urunigi rwose kuva ifu kugeza igice cyimikorere. Nibyo bitandukanya iduka ryakazi nukuri gutanga ibisubizo nyabyo. Wiga kubaha sisitemu yose, ntabwo ari igikoresho kinini cyane hasi.
