Iyo wunvise 'ibice byo guteramo ibyuma', ishusho ihita akenshi iba igizwe neza, ntoya, igoye, hafi nkubumaji. Ukuri, kuva aho mpagaze imyaka, ni akajagari. Ntabwo ari ugukanda gusa ifu yicyuma hanyuma uyihambire mubumba hanyuma ukayita umunsi. Ikibazo nyacyo gitangira nyuma yicyatsi kibisi gisohotse - kugabanuka no gucumura niho utandukanya amaduka ayakura kubayagurisha gusa. Abakiriya benshi baza batekereza ko MIM ari imashini ihendutse gusa cyangwa guhinduranya mu buryo butaziguye gushora imari, kandi iyo ni inzira yihuse kuri prototype yananiwe cyangwa igice cyibice bigenda bitamenyekana.
Imbyino yibikoresho: Ntabwo ari Ibyuma gusa
Ntushobora kuvuga ibya MIM utiriwe winjira mubitungwa. Ntabwo ari ibicuruzwa. 17-4PH ibiryo bitagira umwanda biva mubitanga kimwe bitandukanye nabandi, nubwo urupapuro rwabigenewe ruvuga kimwe. Ingano yubunini bwagabanijwe, guhuza ibintu - byose bigena kugabanuka kwanyuma. Ibi twabyize inzira igoye hakiri kare, duhindura abatanga ibiryo kubikoresho by amenyo kugirango tubike ikiguzi. Kugabanuka kugabanuka kurasa ± 0.5% uhereye mubisanzwe dusanzwe tugenzurwa ± 0.3%, bitera inzozi mbi mubiterane. Byabaye ngombwa ko usiba icyiciro cyose. Noneho, twifatanije nibiryo byemewe kandi dufata iyo formula nkigice cya IP yibanze kubice.
Aha niho kugira background muri metallurgie yagutse byishyura. Ahantu nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), hamwe nimyaka yabo muri shell mold no gushora imari hamwe nudusimba twihariye, gusobanukirwa uburyo ibyuma bitwara munsi yubushyuhe nibyingenzi. Ubwo bumenyi bwimura. Iyo turebye nikel ishingiye kuri nikel igice cya MIM, ntabwo tuba dutekereza kuzuza ifu; dusanzwe twerekana imitekerereze yumuriro w'itanura hamwe no gukonjesha kugirango twirinde kugwa kwa karbide. Ninzira itandukanye, ariko amahame yubumenyi bwibintu ni mubyara.
N'imisemburo idasanzwe? Urwo ni urundi rwego rwose. Cobalt-chrome kubikoresho byo kubaga, tungsten-iremereye cyane kugirango iringanize - ntabwo aribyo byuma bisanzwe bitagira umwanda. Kugabanuka bigomba gutinda cyane kugirango birinde gucika, kandi ubushyuhe bwo gucengera buri hejuru yinzu. Ishoramari ryitanura ryonyine ryungurura abakinnyi benshi. Ntushobora kwigana iki cyiciro; igice gishobora gusohoka hamwe nubucucike bukwiye hamwe nibintu, cyangwa nikibyimba gihenze cyane cyicyuma.
Umutego wa Geometrie: Ingorabahizi Ntabwo ari Ubuntu
Ikibanza cyo kugurisha gihora kitagira imipaka. Nibyiza, ntabwo bigarukira. Amashanyarazi? Birashoboka, ariko bigora ibikoresho kandi birashobora kuganisha kubibazo byo gusohora hamwe nicyatsi kibisi cyoroshye. Ndibuka ibikoresho byuma bifite imbere imbere. Byagaragaye neza kuri ecran. Mubyukuri, pin yibanze kugirango igire uwo mugozi yari yoroshye kuburyo idashobora kwihanganira igitutu cyo gutera inshinge nta gutandukana, biganisha ku bunini bwurukuta. Tugomba gusubira inyuma, kubyimba pin, hanyuma tugakora imashini nyuma yo gucumura. Wongeyeho intambwe, yishe inyungu yikiguzi kuri iyo miterere.
Uburinganire bwurukuta rumwe nintwari itavuzwe. Igice kiva ku rukuta rwa 2mm kijya ku rukuta rwa 10mm ni ugusaba ibibazo - guhangayikishwa no gucumura gutandukanye bizabishobora. Tumara umwanya munini muri DFM (Igishushanyo mbonera cyo gukora) isubiramo yemeza abajenjeri kongeramo radii, kugirango birinde inzibacyuho ikaze, kuruta ikindi cyiciro. Ntabwo ari ugukora igice cyoroshye; nibijyanye no kurokoka binyuze mubikorwa. Umufatanyabikorwa mwiza ntabwo avuga yego kubishushanyo byose; basubiza inyuma hamwe nubushyuhe bwo kwigana amakuru.
Noneho hariho kwihanganira. Gufata mm 0,05 mm kuri bore ikomeye nyuma yo gucumura birashoboka, ariko ntabwo byatanzwe. Irasaba inzira ifunze: ibiryo bihoraho, gucunga neza imyanda yububiko, hamwe nitanura ryacumuye hamwe na zone ishyushye. Dukunze gutegura urumuri Imashini ya CNC imikorere kuri datum yihariye kubice nkintebe za valve cyangwa pin ihuza. Kugerageza kubigeraho binyuze muri MIM gucumura birashoboka, ariko igipimo cy'umusaruro gishobora gutuma kibuza. Ni impirimbanyi.
Gucumura: Isaha-yo-Kumena
Uyu niwo mutima wa byose. Itanura ni ubwami. Urashobora kugira igice cyatsi kibisi, ariko niba umwirondoro wawe wacitse, ni imyanda. Igipimo cyo kuzamuka, igihe cyo gufata umwanya, ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, ikirere (hydrogen, argon, vacuum) - impinduka zose ni ipfundo rihindura ibipimo byanyuma, imbaraga zingana, hamwe no kurwanya ruswa. Kubice byinshi cyane, guteza imbere uyu mwirondoro birashobora gufata amezi ya DOE (Igishushanyo mbonera).
Twigeze gukoresha icyiciro cya 316L kidafite ingese. Itanura ryari rifite thermocouple drift ntabwo twahise dufata. Ubushyuhe nyabwo bwari munsi ya 25 ° C munsi yerekana. Ibice byasohotse bisa neza, ariko ubucucike bwari hafi 92% ya theoretical, ntabwo bisabwa 96% +. Batsinzwe ikizamini cyo gutera umunyu muminsi. Isomo? Guhindura no gufata neza umurongo wo gucumura ntibishobora kuganirwaho, kandi ugomba kugerageza gusenya ubucucike na microstructure bivuye mumitwaro itandukanye buri gihe. Ni ubwishingizi.
Kugenzura kugoreka nubundi buhanzi bwabirabura. Gushiraho, cyangwa gucumura, akenshi bikoreshwa. Ariko ugomba kubishushanya kugirango bidafatana igice, kandi nabo ubwabo ntibagomba kurwanira ubushyuhe. Kubice birebire, binanutse, rimwe na rimwe urabishiramo kumanika uhagaritse. Byumvikane byoroshye, ariko kubona ihagarikwa neza kugirango ridacukumbura igice cyoroshye, cyacumuye nubuhanga bwitondewe wigira kumitwaro yangiritse.
Aho MIM ikwiranye na Ecosystem nyayo ikora
MIM ntabwo ari ikirwa cyihariye. Ni ihuriro mumurongo. Ndabona ikibanza cyacyo kiryoshye nkubunini bwinshi (tekereza ibice 10k + kumwaka), ibice bimeze nkibice byaba ari ubwicanyi kugeza kumashini kuva bikomeye cyangwa bisaba intambwe nyinshi zo guterana. Tekereza ibikoresho bitwaje imbunda, imitwe ya orthodontique, ibice byo kubaga, ibikoresho bya miniature kugirango bigaragare neza. Kubice bito, gushora imari cyangwa no gutunganya birashobora kuba ubukungu, nubwo geometrie igoye.
Ubu ni bwo buryo wunguka butanga ibintu byinshi. Urebye Inshingano za QSY kuri tsingtaocnc.com, ikomeza kuva muri casting kugeza kuri CNC gutunganya, ubona ibintu bifatika. Umukiriya arashobora kuzana igice cyo gushushanya. Rimwe na rimwe, igisubizo cyiza ni imvange: MIM umubiri-hafi-net-shusho, hanyuma ukoreshe imashini ya CNC itomoye kugirango ukubite kwihanganira bibiri cyangwa bitatu bikomeye MIM idashobora gufata neza. Kugerageza guhatira guhuza ibice byose bigoye muri MIM ni ikosa. Ikibazo cyukuri ni iki: Niyihe nzira ikomeye kandi ihendutse igana iki gice cyarangiye?
Nyuma yo gutunganya birakenewe buri gihe. Kwikubita hasi, kuvanaho ubushyuhe bukomeye, isahani cyangwa passivation yo kurwanya ruswa. Ugomba kubitekerezaho uhereye mugitangira. Igice cyiza cya MIM kirashobora kwangirika mubitotsi bikabije niba impande zisharira cyane.
Kwishyira ukizana
None, ni ayahe manota nyayo hamwe ibice byo guterwa ibyuma? Nubuhanga butangaje iyo bukoreshejwe neza. Urufunguzo ni ukubona nk'inzira, ntabwo ari amasasu. Intsinzi ishingiye ku nkingi eshatu: igishushanyo cyubahiriza imbogamizi zikorwa, kugaburira ibiryo hamwe no gucumura bikwiranye nibikoresho, hamwe nubutegetsi bugenzura ubuziranenge bwizera ariko bugenzura buri cyiciro.
Ibigo bikora neza, akenshi abafite ibishingwe byimbitse kandi bitunganya imizi nka QSY, bumva ko bijyanye na metallurgie mbere no kubumba kabiri. Bafite inzego yibuka yukuntu ibyuma bigenda kandi bikora. Ntabwo ari kubumba gusa; zirimo gutunganya ibyuma kugeza hafi-yuzuye.
Niba utekereza MIM, tangira ikiganiro cya DFM hakiri kare. Witegure gusubiramo ibikoresho rimwe cyangwa kabiri. Kandi burigihe, burigihe bije kandi utegure igihe cyiterambere. Igice kivuka mubibumbano, ariko bikurira mu itanura. Kubona ubwo burenganzira ni itandukaniro riri hagati yikintu gikora kurupapuro rwihariye nimwe rukora mumaboko yawe, umunsi kumunsi.
