Iyo wunvise 'serivisi zo gutera inshinge', abantu benshi bahita batekereza ko ari plastiki nziza cyane hamwe nifu yicyuma. Aho niho hantu ha mbere abantu bakandagira. Ntabwo ari ukuzamura muburyo bwo guterwa inshinge; ni inyamaswa itandukanye rwose n amategeko yayo bwite, kubabara umutwe, hamwe nibibanza byiza. Isezerano ntirisanzwe: bigoye, hafi-net-shusho yicyuma mubice byinshi. Ukuri nigikorwa cyuzuyemo utuntu duto duto dushobora gusiba icyiciro cyose niba utareba nkigisimba. Nabonye imishinga myinshi ije ifite ibyifuzo bidashoboka kubyerekeye kwihanganira cyangwa kurangiza hejuru neza, nkibagirwa uruhare rukomeye rwo gucumura. Aho niho ubumaji nyabwo, hamwe nintambara nyayo, bibera.
Inzira ya MIM ntabwo ari agasanduku kirabura
Reka tubisenye nta gitabo cyibitabo. Utangirana nibiryo, bingana na 60% byifu yicyuma na 40% binder kubijwi. Ibi ntabwo ari ukuvanga gusa; ni inzira ya homogenisation igomba kuba itunganye. Ibidahuye byose hano bizagaragara nyuma nkubusa cyangwa kugoreka. Dukorana nibintu byose kuva 17-4 PH idafite umwanda kugeza kuri ayo mayeri ya nikel ashingiye. Icyiciro cyo gutera inshinge ubwacyo cyunvikana nabasore ba plastiki, ariko ibipimo birakomeye. Urimo guhangana nibikoresho byo hejuru cyane, kandi igishushanyo mbonera kigomba kubara kugabanuka cyane mugihe cyo gukurikiraho no gucumura - akenshi kugabanuka kumurongo 15-20%. Ntushobora gukoresha gusa igishushanyo mbonera cya plastiki kandi utegereje ko gikora.
Noneho haza gutesha agaciro. Iyi nintambwe itinda, ikomeye aho ukuraho sisitemu ya binder. Byihuta cyane, kandi ubona uduce cyangwa ibisebe. Dukoresha uruvange rwa solvent hamwe nubushyuhe bwumuriro kubice byinshi. Numukino wo kwihangana. Icyatsi kibisi kiroroshye cyane muriki cyiciro. Ndibuka umushinga umwe wigikoresho cyo kubaga hinge aho twanyarukiye muri cycle yumuriro. Ibice byasaga neza biva mu itanura, ariko mugihe cyo gucumura, basinziriye nkabasirikare barushye. Nyirabayazana yari impungenge zisigaye zo gukuraho binder zuzuye. Isomo rihenze wize mugice kimwe.
Gucumura ni metamorphose yanyuma. Ibice bishyushya mu itanura ry’ikirere - hydrogène, argon, cyangwa vacuum - ku bushyuhe buri hafi y’icyuma. Aha niho ibice bihurira kandi igice kikaba cyinshi. Inzira, cyangwa gucumura, ni ibihangano ubwabyo. Bagomba gushyigikira igice batagumyeho cyangwa ngo batere ubushyuhe butandukanye. Kubikoresho byinshi cyane byuma twakoresheje, twamaranye ibyumweru bibiri gusa dushushanya kandi tugerageza ibice bitandukanye kugirango twirinde kugoreka munsi yuburemere bwacyo mubushyuhe. Nibi bisobanuro bidasobanutse bikora cyangwa bisenya a serivisi zo kubumba ibyuma umushinga.
Aho MIM Yumva (Kandi Aho Atabikora)
MIM ntabwo ikiza-byose. Ikibanza cyacyo kiryoshye kiragoye, gito-giciriritse cyicyuma gikenewe mububiko kuva 10,000 kugeza miriyoni kumwaka. Tekereza ibikoresho byimbunda, imitwe y amenyo, ibikoresho byo kubaga urwasaya, cyangwa ibyuma byimodoka bigoye. Niba ukeneye ibice bitanu, jyana na CNC gutunganya. Niba ukeneye koza byoroshye, jyana na kashe. Agaciro ka MIM ni uguhuza ibice byinshi byateranijwe mubice bimwe, bikomeye. Twari dufite umukiriya wakusanyirizaga akantu gato ko gufunga ibice bitanu bitandukanye. Twongeye kugishushanya kuri MIM, tuyimanura kugeza ku gice kimwe, kandi twagabanije igiciro cyabo cyo guterana 70%. Iyo niyo ntsinzi.
Ariko aho ibintu bigarukira ni ukuri. Mugihe ibishishwa nka 316L bitagira umwanda cyangwa Fe-2Ni nibintu byingenzi bya MIM, ibyuma bya karuboni nyinshi cyane cyangwa amavuta ya aluminiyumu biragoye cyane. Idirishya ryo gucumura ni rito cyane. Nanone, ingano y igice ni imbogamizi. Mugihe ikoranabuhanga risunika imipaka, itegeko rusange ni ibice biri munsi ya garama 250 kandi bihuye mukiganza. Uburinganire bwurukuta nubundi bunini. Mu buryo butunguranye, impinduka zikomeye mubice byambukiranya ni uburyo bwo gushira ibimenyetso mugihe cyo kubumba no kugoreka icyaha. Igishushanyo cya MIM (DFM) ni ikiganiro kitaganira kigomba kubaho mbere yuko igikoresho icyo ari cyo cyose gicibwa.
Aha niho kugira amateka muri casting no gutunganya ari ntagereranywa, nkuburyo bwo kuri Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY). Hamwe nimyaka irenga 30 mugushushanya no gushora imari, basobanukiwe nibyuma, gukomera, hamwe nubushyuhe bwumuriro kurwego rwibanze. Ubwo bumenyi busobanura mu buryo butaziguye gukemura ibibazo MIM yo gucumura. Kubona bitwaye serivisi zo kubumba ibyuma kuruhande rwibanze gushora imari na Imashini ya CNC akazi karerekana imyumvire ifatika yibidukikije byose. Ntushobora kuba MIM iduka wenyine; ugomba kumenya igihe cyo gutanga inama zitandukanye cyangwa uburyo bwo kurangiza igice cya MIM hamwe no gutunganya neza.
Inyuma-Yukuri Yukuri: Ntibikunze gukorwa Nyuma yo gucumura
Umuntu wese ukubwira igice cya MIM asohoka mu itanura ryacumuye yiteguye kohereza birenze urugero. Kwihanganirana mubipimo mubisanzwe ± 0.3% kugeza ± 0.5%, nibyiza, ariko kubintu bikomeye nkibyobo cyangwa guhuza ibice, akenshi ukenera ibikorwa bya kabiri. Niyo mpamvu abatanga serivisi benshi, harimo QSY, bahuza imashini ya CNC. Igice cyacumuye gishobora gukenera bore irambuye kuri diametre neza cyangwa umugozi wafashwe. Ikibazo ni uguhuza ibi bice-byoroshye, byacumuye utabijanjagura.
Kuvura ubushyuhe, kurangiza hejuru nka plaque cyangwa passivation, no kugenzura ubuziranenge byose bigize paki. Kubice bya cobalt-chromium bivangwa ninganda zubuvuzi, byabaye ngombwa ko dushiraho uburyo bwihariye bwo gucumura kugirango twuzuze ibipimo bya ASTM F75, hanyuma dukore imiti ishyushye ya isostatike (HIP) kugirango ikureho ikintu cyose gisigaye, hanyuma hakurikiraho gusya neza hejuru yingenzi. Uwiteka serivisi zo kubumba ibyuma yari icya gatatu cyambere cyurugendo. Ubushobozi bwo gucunga urunigi rwose munsi yinzu imwe birinda urutoki rwinshi mugihe ibibazo bivutse.
Kugenzura ubuziranenge ni ikindi gikoko. Dukoresha uruvange rwibikorwa bigenzura (SPC) mugihe cyo kubumba, guhuza imashini zipima (CMM) kubintu byambere, hamwe no gutoranya ubufindo bwo gupima ubucucike (akenshi binyuze muburyo bwa Archimedes). Ibice byambukiranya ibice ni ngombwa kugirango hemezwe microstructure. Nibikoresho byinshi, ariko nuburyo bwonyine bwo gufata inenge zo munsi y'ubutaka zishobora kuganisha kumurima.
Kuyobora Ibibanza bitanga isoko
Guhitamo a serivisi zo kubumba ibyuma umufatanyabikorwa ntabwo ari ugushaka ibikoresho bihendutse. Nukubona ubushobozi. Ugomba kubaza uburambe bwabo hamwe nibikoresho byihariye. Bashobora kukwereka micrografi yimirimo yabanjirije hamwe na 17-4 PH mumiterere ya H900? Nubuhe buryo busanzwe bwo gucana itanura ryubushobozi bwo kugenzura ikirere? Bakemura bate ingingo ya mbere yo kugenzura no gutanga raporo?
Shakisha utanga isoko abaza ibibazo byinshi nkuko basubiza. Bagomba kugusya kumikorere yigice, imiterere yimitwaro, nibisabwa kwisiga. Umufatanyabikorwa mwiza azasubiza inyuma kubishushanyo mbonera bitera ikibazo MIM kandi atanga ubundi buryo. Nabonye ko amaduka afite umusingi ukomeye mubindi buhanga bwo gukora ibyuma, nkubuhanga bumaze igihe kinini bwo gukina QSY, ukunda kugira ibitekerezo byuzuye kandi bifatika. Ntabwo bagerageza guhatira buri cyuma cya kare mu mwobo wa MIM kuko aricyo gikoresho cyonyine bafite.
Hanyuma, sura niba ubishoboye. Reba imashini ibumba, imirongo yo gusiba, itanura ryacumuye, hamwe na CMM. Reba ishyirahamwe nisuku. MIM ni inzira yunvikana. Igice cya poro itandukanye yibintu irashobora kwangiza icyiciro. Igorofa irakubwira ibirenze agatabo ko kugurisha.
Gupfunyika: Ni Igikoresho, Ntabwo ari Igitangaza
Noneho, serivisi zo kubumba ibyuma zirakomeye, ariko zirasaba kubaha inzira zidasanzwe. Ntabwo ari inzira ngufi. Intsinzi ishingiye ku bufatanye bukomeye hagati yuwashushanyije nuwabikoze kuva kumunsi wambere, gusobanukirwa byimbitse siyanse yibintu ikinishwa, no kwibanda ku kugenzura imikorere. Intego ni ugukoresha ubushobozi bwayo bwo gukora geometrike igoye, ibyuma bikomeye, mugihe uzi imbibi zayo.
Birashimishije kubona uburyo inganda zitera imbere, hamwe na sisitemu nshya ya binder hamwe nubuhanga bwihuse bwo kwishyura. Ariko amahame shingiro aracyahari. Nibijyanye no gucunga urugendo rwifu yicyuma ukoresheje kubumba, kuvanaho binder, hamwe no gucumura-ibintu bikomeye mubice byizewe. Iyo ikanze, ni injeniyeri nziza. Iyo binaniwe, ni ikirundo gihenze cyane cyifu yifu. Itandukaniro hafi ya ryose riba muburambe bwuburambe hamwe nubushake bwo kwishora hamwe nibisobanuro birambuye kubikorwa, ntabwo ari ikibanza cyo kugurisha gusa.
