Urabona N04400, cyangwa Monel 400 nkuko amaduka menshi ayita, uzamuka kurupapuro rwihariye, kandi hariho guhurira hamwe, gutuza. Ntabwo ari exotic ituma abajenjeri bamurika amaso, ahubwo ni iyo kwizerwa ituma abashinzwe umusaruro batera umutwe. Ibitekerezo bisanzwe? Kubifata nkubundi nikel-umuringa uvanze. Ntabwo aribyo. Imyitwarire yayo, kuva hasi gushingwa kugeza kuri CNC chuck, ifite imiterere yacyo yose idasobanutse neza.
Umukino wa Casting: Fluidity vs Ubunyangamugayo
Mubikonoshwa byacu hamwe no gushora imari kuri QSY, N04400 Kugaragaza Ibyatandukanijwe. Amavuta afite amazi meza, aruta ibyiciro bimwe na bimwe bya super duplex dukora, nibyiza kuzuza ibice bigoye gushora imari. Ariko hano gufata nta datasheet yerekana: urwego rukomeye. Ni ... biragoye. Suka neza cyane, kandi ushobora guhura nibicu; birashyushye cyane, kandi gukura kwimbuto birashobora gutera ubukana, nyuma bikakuruma mugutunganya.
Twize ibi inzira igoye kumurongo wimibiri ya valve imyaka yashize. Ibice byasaga neza neza nigiti, byanyuze PT yambere. Ariko mugihe cya hydro-test kurubuga rwabakiriya, bake berekanye seepage. Ntabwo ari gutsindwa gukabije, ariko kumeneka ni ukumena. Post-mortem ntiyerekanye ubwoba, ahubwo yagabanutse mikoro yoroheje mu gice cyitaruye cya casting. Gukosora ntabwo byahinduwe muburyo bwa resept, ahubwo ni amarembo kandi azamuka yongeye gushushanya igice cya geometrie ya N04400. Byatwigishije ko hamwe nuruvange, ubwubatsi bwicyitegererezo ni kimwe cya kabiri cyintambara.
Aho niho imyaka 30-idasanzwe muri casting itanga umusaruro. Utezimbere. Kuri N04400, ubu dukoresha gushonga idirishya ryihariye rishyushye kuruta theoretical optimum, ariko hanyuma dukoreshe byihuta gukonjesha kubice bimwe. Ni imbyino hagati y'itanura n'umuyoboro ukonje. Ntushobora gutangiza ubwo bushishozi uhereye mu gitabo; ni inyandiko yanditse ku mpapuro zitunganijwe hamwe n'uburambe bw'abakoresha.
Imashini: Ubwitonzi buhendana
Ohereza a N04400 guta muri CNC yacu yo gutunganya, kandi igitekerezo cya mbere ni burigihe Igabanya neza. Kandi irabikora, mu ntangiriro. Ntabwo ari gummy nka 316L, ntabwo bikomeye nka Hastelloy. Ariko imyifatire yayo yo kunangira akazi iranyerera. Niba ubifata nkibyuma byoroheje hanyuma ukareka igikoresho kigatura nubwo cyakabiri cyatandukanijwe mugihe cyo guhagarikwa - nko kumurongo wa valve hamwe nu mwobo wa bolt-umaze gukora ibice byaho bigoye kuruta kuruhande rwibikoresho.
Twasuzumaga abafite ibikoresho bikaze kandi ntamategeko agenga gutura kuri ibi bikoresho. Coolant ntabwo ari iyo gukonjesha gusa; ni amavuta yo gukumira ibintu bifatika kwinjiza. Ikibanza kiryoshye twabonye cyo kurangiza ni umuvuduko mwinshi wo hejuru hamwe nibiryo biciriritse, byumvikana bihabanye kubintu bikora-bikomeye. Ariko shyiramo ibintu byiza, byiza-rake ukabicamo unyuze neza bitanga ubushyuhe buke kandi ntibikomere kuruta gutinda, gukata. Nibimwe mubyo uhindura nyuma yo gukuraho ibice bike bihenze, hafi-byuzuye.
Ndibuka akazi ka pompe akazi aho icapiro ryahamagaye gusya-kwihanganira diametrical gusya nyuma yo guhinduka. Guhindukira byagenze neza, ariko uruziga rwo gusya rwapakururaga buri gihe, rugatwika hejuru. Igisubizo nticyari uruziga rukomeye, ahubwo rworoshe, rwubatswe neza hamwe numwuzure wamavuta ashonga. Ibikoresho bya nikel byashakaga gusa gusudira ikintu cyose munsi yigitutu nubushyuhe. Ibisobanuro bito, guhagarara gukomeye.
Imiterere ibiri ya Alloy: Ruswa nigiciro
Kuki abashushanya bagaragaza N04400? Mirongo cyenda ku ijana, ni iyo kurwanya bidasanzwe kurwanya chloride-ion guhangayikishwa no kwangirika na aside hydrofluoric. Nukujya kuri marine shafting, imiti ya valve trim, na serivisi isharira. Ariko ntabwo ari ukuzamura isi yose. Muri okiside acide, iratandukana. Twari dufite umukiriya yigeze gushaka kubisimbuza igice cya reaction ya farumasi ikize ya platine, twibwira ko nikel alloy isobanura ibyiza. Tugomba gusubiza inyuma cyane. Byaba byangiritse mu byumweru.
Aha niho umufatanyabikorwa akunda Ikoranabuhanga rya Qingdao Qiangsenyuan (QSY) ongeraho agaciro karenze gukora igice. Byerekeranye no kuyobora ibintu. Twabonye ubuzima bwuzuye bwibi bice. N04400 ifite ibikorwa rusange muri ruswa, ariko igiciro cyayo cyicaye muri zone yo hagati. Birahenze kuruta ibyuma bya duplex ariko munsi ya C-276 cyangwa titanium. Icyemezo cyubwubatsi rero gikunze gushingira niba ibidukikije bigabanuka (aho bimurika) cyangwa okiside (aho itabikora). Kubona iryo kosa ni kunanirwa bibaho ku kibaho cyo gushushanya, ntabwo ari uruganda.
Uruhare rwacu rurerure mugukina no gutunganya amavuta adasanzwe bivuze ko twubatse archive yo gusesengura kunanirwa ninkuru zitsinzi. Kububiko bwa pompe yinyanja dukora, N04400 yahiswemo ntabwo ari umubiri wose, ahubwo nkumukinnyi winjizamo agace gakomeye ko kwambara - icyiciro cyiza-cyiza cyo gukora neza twafashaga icyitegererezo cyabakiriya.
Imitego yo gusudira no guhimba
Abahimbyi bakunda kubisudira, ariko ntibagomba kwirara. N04400 ifatwa byoroshye gusudira, kweri. Ariko ubushyuhe bwayo bushyushye burenze ibyuma bya karubone. Imvura igwa hagati ya nikel-umuringa icyiciro cya zone yibasiwe nubushyuhe (HAZ) nimpungenge nukuri niba utagenzura ubushyuhe bwinjira. Ntabwo dukora ibihimbano biremereye kuri QSY, ariko dukora ibyuma byo gusana hamwe no guterana.
Amategeko ni ubushyuhe buke, amasaro ya stringer, kandi ntanarimwe, yigeze kuboha itara. Dukoresha electrode ya ENiCu-7 hafi ya yose. Ubushyuhe? Mubisanzwe ntabwo ari nkenerwa kubice bito, ariko kubutaka bwimbitse, icyiciro kimwe 100-150 ° C mbere yubushyuhe ni itegeko kugirango wirinde gucika intege zumuriro. Nyuma yo gusudira ubushyuhe nyuma yo gusudira ntibikenewe gake kugirango imikorere yangirika, ariko rimwe na rimwe dukora impungenge zo guhangayikishwa no gutuza kurwego rwo guteranya imashini. Nubundi murimwe biterwa nurubanza.
Nabonye ibintu byiza, bikozwe neza byuzuye byangiritse kubera ko uwashizeho umwanzuro wafashe umwanzuro wo gukuramo inkingi yingoboka hamwe ninkoni isanzwe yuzuza. Igice cyavuyeho ntabwo cyahise; byagaragaye nyuma yo gusiganwa ku magare. Metallurgie ntabwo ibabarira shortcuts.
Gushakisha no Gukurikirana: Ntabwo Bilet zose zingana
Iyi ishobora kuba ingingo ikomeye, itaganiriweho. Ubwiza buhoraho bwa N04400 ububiko utangirana nugutegeka ibintu byose hepfo. Twakuye mu ruganda ku isi mu myaka mirongo. Ubuhanga bwa chimie bushobora guhura na ASTM B164 ku mpapuro, ariko kugenzura ibintu bito - ibintu nka sulfure, isasu, ndetse na bismuth ya trace - biratandukanye. Ibi bintu byerekana ibintu bigira ingaruka zikomeye kumikorere ishyushye hamwe nubukanishi bwa nyuma.
Kubintu bikomeye bizunguruka, ubu turashimangira kuri raporo yikizamini cya urusyo kitarimo chimie gusa namakuru yingutu, ariko kandi na Charpy ingaruka zagaciro kubushyuhe bwa serivisi. Icyiciro gifite isonga yo hejuru irashobora guhinduka neza ariko ikagira ubushyuhe buke bwo hasi. Ibi twabyize nyuma yuruhererekane rwa cryogenic bolt yananiwe kugaruka kubushyuhe bumwe bwibintu. Kuva icyo gihe, amasoko yacu arerekana N04400 birakomeye kurenza ASTM.
Uru rwego rwo kugenzura ni igice cya serivisi ihuriweho kuri QSY. Kugenzura inzira kuva gushonga kugeza igice cyakozwe bivuze ko dushobora gukurikirana ikibazo icyo aricyo cyose mumuzi yacyo. Kububiko bwakazi ukora imashini gusa, ibyo ntibishoboka. Babona ubusa kandi bizeye ibyiza. Dukora ubusa, tugomba kumenya ubugingo bwayo.
Kurangiza nta mwanzuro
Noneho, N04400. Ntabwo ari byiza. Ntabwo bizaba ingingo yibikoresho bikurikira siyanse. Ariko mw'isi iteye ubwoba yo gukora ibintu bimara ahantu habi, ni ibuye rikomeza imfuruka. Agaciro kayo ntabwo kari mubintu bidasanzwe, ariko mubikorwa byateganijwe, byizewe iyo bikoreshejwe neza. Amayeri yubaha ibyo ashaka - kugabanuka kwa casting, gutunganya akazi-gukomera, gusudira.
Ubuhanga nyabwo hamwe nuruvange nkibi ntabwo ari ugukurikiza gusa; ni ugukusanya ubumenyi bwa tacit bwigihe cyo gutandukana nibikorwa bisanzwe. Numukoresha w'itanura uzi neza neza icyuma gishongeshejwe, programu wa CNC yahinduye igipimo cyibiryo ku kigero cya 5%, umuyobozi wa QC azi micro-etch igaragaza imvura igabanya imipaka. Nibintu utabona kuri datasheet. Nibyo imyaka mirongo itatu yo gukoresha ibikoresho nka N04400, kuva kumavuta mbisi kugeza ibice byarangiye, yubaka muri ADN ya sosiyete. Niyo mpamvu imishinga yoherezwa mumaduka yabanye nibikoresho, ntabwo yabitegetse gusa kurutonde.
Mu kurangiza, Monel 400 nubuhamya bwigitekerezo cyuko ibikoresho bikuze akenshi aribyo bisaba kubahwa cyane, mubyukuri kuko twibwira ko tubizi imbere. Hama hariho irindi zina, irindi somo ritegereje mubushuhe butaha, gukurikira gukurikira, gukurikira-kwihanganira bore. Kandi nibyo nibyo bituma aka kazi gashimishije.
