Iyo wunvise 'udasanzwe dushyiramo insimburangingo', ishusho ako kanya akenshi irabagirana, itangirika gukata kubikoresho bikomeye. Ibyo ntabwo ari bibi, ariko ni intangiriro ireba ibyemezo bifatika, bikomeye. Ukuri nukuri, guhitamo no gushyira mubikorwa ibyo winjizamo ntabwo ari uguhitamo 'bigoye' nibindi byinshi bijyanye no gucunga ibintu bigoye hagati yo kurwanya kwambara, gukomera, guhagarara neza, hamwe nuburyo bwihariye, akenshi butateganijwe, imyitwarire yakazi. Nabonye imishinga myinshi ihagarara kubera ko umuntu yategetse gushyiramo ibintu bihenze cyane bishingiye kuri cobalt, ukeka ko ari isasu ryubumaji, gusa nkahura nikibazo cya catastropique ku gice cya mbere cyahagaritswe kuri nikel ishingiye kuri nikel. Ubumenyi bwibintu nibyingenzi, ariko gushyira mubikorwa niho ubumenyi nyabwo butuye.
Kurenga agatabo: Guhuza Ibikoresho ni Byose
Reka tuvuge kubyerekeye amavuta. Gukorana nububiko bwimashini na mashini nka QSY, ubona intebe yimbere kumurongo wubuzima bwose. Ntabwo dukora imashini zidasanzwe gusa; twabataye. Iyo nzira - yaba ibishushanyo mbonera cyangwa ishoramari - itanga ibintu byihariye mubikoresho. Nikel ishingiye kuri nikel nka Inconel 718 igororotse uhereye kubikorwa byo gushora imari irashobora kugira imiterere itandukanye yintete hamwe numusemburo usigaye ugereranije nububiko bwakorewe. Itandukaniro rifite akamaro kanini mugushiramo guhitamo.
Umutego rusange urimo gufata amavuta yose ya nikel nkumwanya wa monolithic. Ongeramo urwego rufite impande zikarishye hamwe na pVD yoroheje irashobora gukora neza kumurongo uhoraho, mwiza-wuzuye neza kubintu bya valve. Gerageza ushiremo kimwe kumurongo munini, uringaniye wa turbine utera hamwe nubunini butandukanye bwurukuta hamwe nibishobora kuba ahantu hakomeye cyangwa harimo, kandi uzahindura impande buri minota icumi. Kwinjiza bigomba gukurura ihungabana, ntabwo birwanya gusa gukuramo. Rimwe na rimwe, 'byoroheje' ariko bikarishye cyane bya karbide hamwe na geometrie ikomeye ya chipbreaker geometriya irenze uburyo bukomeye, bworoshye, igitabo gishobora gutanga igitekerezo.
Aha niho imyaka 30 yinyuma ahantu nka QSY iba igaragara. Ntabwo ari ukugira imashini za CNC gusa; nubumenyi bwashinze imizi yukuntu casting yabo yitwara munsi yigikoresho. Babonye ibice byibyiciro byabo bwite bishingiye kuri cobalt bikunda gukoreshwa cyane, cyangwa ibyiciro byicyuma bitagira ingese kuva kubishingwe bifite aho bihurira nubwubatsi bwubatswe. Ibyo bitekerezo byimbere hagati yo gutara no gutunganya biramenyesha guhitamo muburyo nta kataloge yabatanga.
Imbyino ya Geometrie na Coating
Nibyiza, nuko rero wahujije gushyiramo substrate amanota kumurimo wakazi. Ibikurikira bizaza geometrie. Ndibuka akazi ko gutunganya urukurikirane rw'imiyoboro yimbitse, ifunganye mumazu ya duplex idafite ibyuma. Twari dufite amanota y'ibikoresho neza - karbide ikomeye ikwiranye na posita. Ariko imiterere ya diyama ya dogere 80 yateraga kunyeganyega gukabije no kwimura chip nabi. Igice cyarimo kiganira kugeza gupfa.
Twahinduye kumurongo winjizamo. Gukwirakwiza imbaraga zo kugabanya byahindutse rwose. Ntakindi kintu kimwe cyo gupakira, ibikorwa byoroshye byo gukata. Ubucuruzi? Uruziga ruzengurutse ntirushobora gukora inguni zikarishye. Tugomba kongera gushushanya inzira yinzira ya radiyo, twongeraho intambwe yo gusya kumpande. Byari ubwumvikane, ariko byagize akamaro. Ikirangantego: imiterere ya idasanzwe ntitegeka gukata gusa, ariko birashoboka ingamba zose zo gutunganya ndetse no kwihanganira igice.
Noneho hariho igifuniko. TiAlN, AlTiN, karubone isa na karubone ... ni isupu yinyuguti. Amategeko agenga igikumwe nuko igifuniko nka AlTiN gitanga ubukana bukomeye, bukaba bwiza kubushyuhe bwo hejuru butangwa mugihe uhinduye cyangwa usya nikel alloys. Ariko niba inzira yawe idahagaze neza, niba ufite guhagarika ubukonje cyangwa ibiryo bidahuye, ubwo buryo bumwe bushobora gucika mikorobe munsi yumukino wamagare. Kubice bimwe byahagaritswe kubice bishora imari hamwe namarembo cyangwa impanuka zishobora kubaho, karbide idahwitse ariko ikomeye cyane ya karbide irashobora kuba umutekano muke, ushobora guhanurwa, nubwo ubuzima bwacyo bwo kwambara ari buke. Urimo ushyira imbere inzira yo kwizerwa kuruta ibikoresho byubuzima bwiza.
Kunanirwa kwisi-Kunanirwa no Guhinduka
Nzabagezaho kunanirwa kunyigishije intsinzi irenga icumi. Twarimo dushakisha igice kinini cya Monel (nikel-umuringa wavanze) kugirango ibice bigize marine. Gutora kuva mu ruganda rwacu byari byiza, ariko ni byinshi. Twakoresheje rake nziza-nziza, isya-imyironge yo gusya hamwe nabiyeguriye idasanzwes yagenewe ubushyuhe bwo hejuru. Igitekerezo cyari gitunganye: gabanya imbaraga zo guca, ubushyuhe buke mubice.
Byarananiranye. Ntabwo ari ibintu bitangaje, ahubwo ni amayeri. Kwinjiza ntabwo byacitse cyangwa ngo bimeneke. Bashaje gusa, kimwe kandi vuba, mumaso. Ikibazo? Hejuru-nziza ya geometrie, mugihe igabanya imbaraga, nayo yaremye umugozi woroshye, udakomeye. Monel, hamwe nakazi kayo gakomeye ko kunaniza akazi hamwe na chipi ikarishye, yarimo yikuramo impande kuburyo butangaje. Twakoraga chip nziza, zirabagirana ariko twica igikoresho.
Gukosora byari bihabanye. Twagiye kuri kutabogama, gukomera gushiramo geometrie hamwe no gutegura impande ziremereye (inkombe yubashywe, ntabwo ityaye). Ibi byongereye imbaraga zo gukata gato, ariko byashyigikiraga gukata neza cyane kurwanya abrasion. Chip yari ndende, idakomeye, kandi yatwaraga ubushyuhe neza. Igikoresho ubuzima bwikubye gatatu. Isomo: muri nikel ndende-nikel, rimwe na rimwe ugomba kwishingikiriza ku gukata ukoresheje inkombe ikomeye, ntugerageze kunyerera hejuru yacyo.
Coolant: Inshuti cyangwa Umwanzi mumashini idasanzwe ya Alloy?
Iyi ni impaka. Impanuro za kera zo gutunganya titanium na nikel alloys ni umwuzure ukonje, burigihe. Kandi kubikorwa byinshi, nibyo - bigenzura ubushyuhe bwigice kandi bifasha mukwimura chip. Ariko hamwe nibi idasanzwes, cyane cyane abafite ceramic cyangwa CBN (cubic boron nitride) amanota, ihungabana ryumuriro ni umwicanyi nyawe.
Tekereza urimo gukora ceramic winjizamo ibyuma bikomye bipfa. Kwinjiza bikorera muri zone yubushyuhe bukabije kuruhande; nuburyo bukomeza ubukana bwayo. Niba indege yicyumba-ubushyuhe ikonjesha ikubise inshuro itukura-ishyushye, urasaba micro-crack. Mu bihe nk'ibi, urashobora guhitamo guturika ikirere, cyangwa cyiza, sisitemu yumuvuduko ukabije utanga uburyo bwo gukonjesha no gukuramo chip nta tandukanyirizo ryinshi ryumuriro ukonje.
Kubisanzwe karbide yinjizwamo hamwe na PVD yometse kuri cobalt cyangwa nikel ishingiye kuri nikel, umuvuduko mwinshi ukoresheje ibikoresho bikonjesha akenshi ni umwami. Ntabwo ari ugukonja gusa; nibijyanye no gukura izo chipi zinangiye, zangiza ziva muri zone yaciwe ako kanya. Chip recut ni ikizere cyo gushiramo gutsindwa. Ku bigo byabo byo gutunganya CNC, kugera kubintu byizewe byumuvuduko ukabije wo gukonjesha kugeza aho bigabanijwe ni intambwe idashobora gushyirwaho kugirango ikore neza idasanzwe.
Urunigi rwo gutanga no gushakisha ibintu bifatika
Hano hari ikintu utazasanga mu mpapuro tekinike: ukuri kwa logistique. Iyinjizamo ihenze. Gufata ibarura kubintu byose bishoboka nibikorwa nigikorwa kinini cyamaduka yakazi. Umubano nuwabitanze yunvikana kuvanga akazi kawe-nkicyuma gikozwe mucyuma, kitagira umwanda, hamwe nudukoryo twihariye QSY ikora - irakomeye.
Ntabwo ari ukugira ibirango byinshi, ahubwo nukugira imirongo mike yizewe aho usobanukiwe cyane ibahasha yimikorere. Wiga ko Icyiciro cya XXX uhereye kubaguzi bawe ari ukujya kuri 90% kumurimo wawe wa 17-4PH udafite umwanda uva kumurongo wogushora imari, kandi Grade YYY igenewe kugabanuka rwose guhagarikwa kumubiri munini wa Inconel 625. Wubaka isomero ryo mu mutwe, hanyuma rikaba umubiri-isomero ryibikorwa byububiko bwawe bwibibazo bikunze kugaruka.
Aha kandi niho ibikorwa bihagaritse ibikorwa byerekana imbaraga zayo. Kuberako bagenzura uburyo bwo gukina, barashobora rimwe na rimwe guhindura uburyo bwo gutunganya ubushyuhe cyangwa no gushushanya (kongeramo radiyo nkeya, guhindura ubugari bwurukuta) kugirango igice gikorwe neza hamwe nibisanzwe, byizewe basanzwe babitse. Ubwo bufatanye bwimbere hagati yimishinga nububiko bwimashini kugirango hongerwe umusaruro ninganda nini, akenshi ihishe, inyungu igira ingaruka itaziguye mugukoresha neza ibyo bikoresho byo guca neza.
Noneho, ubutaha mugihe ugaragaje a idasanzwe, reba kera urupapuro. Tekereza ku mateka y'igice (guta cyangwa gukora?), Geometrie yacyo (guhagarikwa guhagarikwa cyangwa gukomeza?), Gukomera kwa mashini yawe, hamwe nuburyo bukonje. Ni sisitemu, kandi gushiramo nikintu kimwe gusa gikomeye. Kubyumva neza birasa nkubumenyi kandi bisa nkubukorikori - ubukorikori bwubatswe kunanirwa kugaragara, guhinduka muburyo bworoshye, no kubaha cyane ibikoresho ugerageza kuyobora.
