Reba, iyo abantu benshi bumvise 'ibikoresho bya powder metallurgie,' batekereza ko ari amasasu yubumaji kuri buri porogaramu cyangwa ibiciro bihendutse, byacitse bigenewe kunanirwa. Ukuri, nkuko bisanzwe, ni akajagari kandi karashimishije. Ntabwo ari igisubizo kimwe-gikwiye-igisubizo, ariko iyo inyenyeri zihuye-ibintu, igishushanyo, kugenzura inzira-ni igikoresho gikomeye kidasanzwe. Nabonye injeniyeri nyinshi zerekana ibikoresho bya PM gusa kugirango uzigame ikiguzi kuri progaramu iremereye, gusa nagarutse mumezi atandatu hamwe na garebox yuzuye ivumbi. Ubuhanga nyabwo ntabwo ari ukubategeka; ni mukumenya neza igihe nuburyo bwo kubikoresha.
Ubujurire bwibanze hamwe nubuvumo bwihuse
Igishushanyo kigaragara ni hafi-net-shusho yo gukora. Urimo gukora ifu yicyuma ukayicumura, imyanda yibikoresho rero ni ntoya ugereranije no kwifashisha ibikoresho biva mubyuma bikomeye. Kumurongo mwinshi wibintu nkibikoresho byohereza ibinyabiziga cyangwa ibikoresho byamashanyarazi, ubukungu ntibushobora gutsindwa. Urabona ibintu bitoroshye - ayo menyo ahindagurika cyangwa imiterere idasanzwe ya hub - udafite imashini ya kabiri kuri buri kintu.
Ariko dore hiccup yambere yambere: ubucucike. Igice cyacumuye ni cyiza. Urashobora kugera kuri 7.0 g / cm3 cyangwa hejuru cyane hamwe no gukanda kabiri no gucumura cyangwa guhimba, ariko ntabwo bigera byuzuye nkibyuma. Iyi porosity igira ingaruka itaziguye yubushobozi bwimitwaro nubuzima bwumunaniro. Noneho, kuri pompe yumuriro mwinshi, uhoraho-ukora-pompe yinganda? Nagira amakenga cyane. Kuri disikuru ya nyakatsi ibona imizigo rimwe na rimwe? Byinshi birashoboka.
Aha niho guhitamo ibikoresho bigenda binenga. Ntabwo ari ifu y'icyuma gusa. Urimo ukorana na poro-zabanjirije-nka Distaloy ivanze na nikel n'umuringa kugirango bikomere. Ikirere cyo gucumura nikindi kintu cyo guhinduka. Kwibeshya hariya, ukabona kugenzura nabi karubone cyangwa gusya, biganisha ahantu horoheje cyangwa uduce duhinduka nucleation point ya crack. Ndibuka icyiciro cya moteri ntoya ya hydraulic aho ubushyuhe bwo gucumura budahuye bwatumye 20% bikwirakwira mubukomere bwibanze. Batsinze QA yambere ariko batangira kwisuka mumurima mumasaha magana.
Aho Bamurika Mubyukuri (Kandi Aho Batabikora)
Ikibanza kiryoshye, mubunararibonye bwanjye, kiri mubisabwa aho ukeneye ibintu byihariye bifatika hamwe nuburyo bugoye. Tekereza ibikoresho byo kwisiga. Urashobora kuvanga muburyo bugenzurwa bwumuringa cyangwa ifu ya metallurgie amavuta yihariye nka MnS muruvange rwifu. Nyuma yo gucumura, ibi bintu bigize urusobe rwamoko binyuze mumenyo yinyo. Ntushobora kubigeraho ukoresheje ibikoresho byabugenewe hamwe nubuso bwo hejuru muburyo bumwe. Twatanze urukurikirane rwibikoresho nkibi bifunze, bidafite kubungabunga ibidukikije, kandi byakozwe neza.
Ibinyuranye, ntugahatire PM kuri ultra-high-precision sisitemu yo guhagarara. Mugihe ushobora kugera kuri AGMA Icyiciro cya 7 cyangwa 8 hamwe nubunini cyangwa gusya, uburyo bwimikorere ihindagurika irarenze gusya neza. Modulike ya elastique nayo iri hasi gato kubera ubukana, bushobora kugira ingaruka kumurongo ukomeye wa servo. Nibintu byoroshye, ariko byarumye imishinga igamije arc-iminota yukuri.
Iyindi nyungu ikunze kwirengagizwa ni uguhuza igice. Nakoraga ku bikoresho bitwara imibumbe aho ibikoresho byizuba, ibyuma byumubumbe, hamwe nisahani yabitwaye byose byari ibikoresho bitandukanye. Muguhindura kuri ifu ya metallurgie ibikoresho, twabishizeho nkigice kimwe, monolithic icumura igice hamwe numubumbe hamwe nibikoresho byizuba bitandukanije nuwitwaye. Yakuyeho guterana, kunoza guhuza, no kugabanya ibiciro hafi 30% mubunini. Gucuruza byari uburyo bukomeye bwo gukoresha ibikoresho hamwe nuburyo budasanzwe bwo gucumura kugirango birinde kugoreka.
Gukora Intoki: Ubufatanye bukomeye
Iyi ni ingingo y'ingenzi benshi babuze: PM ni gake kurangiza. Ukeneye ibikorwa bya kabiri. Aho niho umufatanyabikorwa ufite imashini zikomeye ziba ingirakamaro. Ibikoresho birashobora kuva mu itanura bikenera umwobo wihanganirwa cyane, cyangwa inzira nyabagendwa, cyangwa amenyo ubwayo aragabanuka kugirango urusaku rugabanuke.
Niyo mpamvu ubushobozi bwisosiyete yuzuye ifite akamaro. Fata ushikamye nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY). Hamwe nimyaka irenga 30 mugukina no gutunganya, basobanukiwe neza nicyuma, mubyukuri. Mugihe urufatiro rwabo ruri mubikorwa nkibishishwa no gushora imari, ubwo bumenyi bwimbitse - gukorana nibintu byose uhereye kumyuma kugeza kuri nikel ishingiye kuri nikel - bisobanurwa muburyo butaziguye. Babona uburyo bwo gukora ibikoresho 4600 byacuzwe byacuzwe kuri mashini ya CNC badakuyemo ibice bivuye hejuru. Nibyiyumvo bitandukanye no gutunganya ibyuma bikomeye. Ibiryo, umuvuduko, nibikoresho bya geometrie bikeneye guhinduka. Amaduka azi gusa ibikoresho byakozwe arashobora kwangiza ibikoresho byiza bya PM mugihe cyanyuma cyo gutunganya. Urashobora kubona uburyo bwabo mubikorwa byahujwe kurubuga rwabo kuri https://www.tsingtaocnc.com.
Nabonye ibikoresho byananiranye biturutse ku gucumura ahubwo biva mubikorwa byo kogosha bikozwe nabi bikora akazi kandi bigacika mikoro hejuru yinyo. Gutunganya ntabwo ari ibitekerezo; ni igice cyimikorere. Utanga ibintu byiza atekereza kumurongo wose: kuvanga ifu -> guhuza -> gucumura -> ops ya kabiri -> kwemeza ubuziranenge.
Ibikoresho bifatika hamwe n'amavuta adasanzwe
Tuvuze ibikoresho, isi ya PM ntabwo igarukira gusa ku byuma bisanzwe. Aha niho bigenda bishimishije kuri niche progaramu. Ukeneye kurwanya ruswa? Ibyuma bidafite ibyuma (nka 316L cyangwa 17-4 PH) birashoboka, nubwo bitoroshye bitewe na oxyde ya oxyde kumashanyarazi yifu. Gucumura bisaba umwuka mwiza cyangwa hydrogène.
Ndetse cyane cyane ni ibikoresho byubushyuhe bwo hejuru cyangwa ibidukikije birwanya kwambara. Urashobora gukanda no gucumura ifu ya superalloy. Ibi bihuza nubuhanga bwikigo nka QSY, urutonde rwuburambe hamwe na cobalt-ishingiye kuri nikel. Tekereza ibikoresho bito, bigoye bikenewe imbere yubushyuhe bwo hejuru. Gukora muri Inconel ikomeye ninzozi mbi yo kwambara ibikoresho nibiciro. Niba imizigo ibyemereye, kuyibyaza umusaruro binyuze muri PM uhereye kuri porojeri ya nikel-yashizwemo mbere ishobora kuba inzira nziza, ihendutse. Gufata, na none, ni kugenzura inzira. Gucumura aya mavuta akenshi bisaba itanura rya vacuum hamwe nubushuhe bwuzuye bwubushyuhe kugirango ugere ku gukwirakwiza neza utabanje gushonga ingingo-yo gushonga.
Ni agace gahana imbibi. Nagize uruhare muri prototype ikora ibikoresho bya turbocharger wastegate actuator nkoresheje ibikoresho byo hejuru. Twagize ibyiciro bitatu byananiranye mbere yo guhamagara ahantu h'ikime cy'ikirere. Ibikoresho byo mucyiciro cyatsinze biracyakoreshwa mubizamini nyuma yimyaka ibiri. Nibyoroshye, ariko iyo ikora, iba nziza.
Kugenzura Ukuri: Kunanirwa no Kwemeza
Nigute ushobora kumenya niba igishushanyo cyawe cya PM kizakomeza? Uragerageza, ariko uragerageza neza. Porogaramu isanzwe yo kubara ibikoresho bisanzwe ifite modules ya PM gears, igabanya imihangayiko yemewe ishingiye kubucucike bwibintu. Koresha. Ariko ntugahagarare aho.
Kwemeza kumubiri biratandukanye. Uburyo busanzwe bwo kunanirwa ntabwo aribwo buryo bwa kera bwo kunama amenyo, ahubwo kwambara amenyo cyangwa micropitike bitewe nubuso bworoshye bukora nk'ubwitonzi bworoheje. Ikizamini cyawe rero kigomba kuba ikizamini cyo kwambara munsi yumutwaro, ntabwo ari ikizamini cyo guhangayikishwa gusa no kurimbuka. Metallography ni inshuti yawe. Kata ibikoresho by'icyitegererezo urebe imiterere ya pore. Ese imyenge yazengurutswe kandi yitaruye (nziza), cyangwa irahujwe (mbi, kubwimbaraga no kugumana amavuta)?
Kandi, tekereza ku bidukikije. Ibikoresho bya PM birashobora gukuramo amavuta mugihe cyo gucumura cyangwa gutera. Muri sisitemu yo gusiga amavuta, ibi birashobora kuba ikigega. Muri sisitemu yumye cyangwa yoroheje, ayo mavuta arashobora gusohoka kandi mubyukuri bikurura umukungugu na grit, bigakora paste yo gusya. Nize ibi inzira igoye kubikoresho byubuhinzi. Ibikoresho byari byiza muri laboratoire isukuye ariko bishaje vuba mumurima wuzuye ivumbi. Twahinduye uburyo bukomeye bwo gusama kandi ikibazo cyarashize. Nibintu bito, byuzuye bitandukanya impapuro nibice byizewe.
Gupfunyika: Igikoresho gifatika mu gasanduku
Umunsi urangiye, ifu ya metallurgie ibikoresho ni igisubizo cyihariye cyo gukora, ntabwo ari igisubizo rusange. Agaciro kabo karafunguwe binyuze mubusobanuro bwimbitse bwibicuruzwa biva hanze: ibintu bigoye nimbaraga zanyuma, imikorere yibikorwa nibikorwa bikora, hamwe no guhuza uburyo bwo gucumura hamwe nubushakashatsi bukenewe bwa kabiri.
Intsinzi iva mubufatanye hagati yuwashushanyije usobanukiwe neza na progaramu ya progaramu yumutwaro nuwabikoze ukora ifu, imashini, itanura, hamwe nimashini irangiza. Ni mu masosiyete akemura icyo cyuho - abafite ibikoresho bya siyanse yubumenyi bwuruganda no gukora neza neza iduka ryimashini - ahavuka ibisubizo bikomeye kandi bishya bya PM. Ntabwo ari amarozi; nubundi buryo bwo gukora ibice byicyuma, hamwe nuburyo bwihariye bwihariye bwamategeko, gucika intege, no gutsinda.
