Iyo abantu benshi bumvise 'igice cyo gutunganya ibyuma bitagira umwanda', bashushanya ikintu cyiza, gikomeye, kandi cyoroshye gukora. Ngiyo imyumvire ya mbere itari yo. Ikigaragara ni uko, ibyuma bidafite ingese ni umuryango, ntabwo ari ikintu kimwe, kandi gutunganya 304 ni isi usibye guhangana na 316L cyangwa, imana ikinga ukuboko, 17-4 PH. Igice 'kitagira umwanda' kiragushuka ngo utekereze ko byose birwanya ruswa, ariko hasi yububiko, ni ugukomera ku kazi, kugenzura chip, no gucunga ubushyuhe. Nabonye ibishushanyo byinshi byinjira hamwe na 'stainless' gusa, kandi niho umutwe utangirira. Ugomba kubaza, cyangwa urimo gushiraho ikirundo gisakaye.
Ibikoresho bya Maze: Ntabwo bigera gusa
Reka tumenye neza. Ibyiciro bya Austenitike nka 304 na 316 nibyo bisanzwe. Ni gummy. Ntibavuna chip neza; bakora imirongo miremire, ifatanye ishobora gukubita hirya no hino, kwangiza kurangiza, kandi bikaba byangiza umutekano. Ibiryo byawe n'umuvuduko wawe bigomba kuba byiza-bitinze cyane, kandi ukora-ugakomera hejuru, bigatuma pass ikurikira ubugome kubikoresho; byihuse cyane, kandi urashobora gutobora ibikoresho cyangwa gutwika insert. Guhitamo gukonje hamwe nigitutu cyo gusaba biba ingorabahizi. Ndibuka icyiciro cyimibiri ya valve kuva 316 aho twasimbutse kuri coolant yumuvuduko mwinshi dukoresheje igikoresho, twibwira ko gukonjesha umwuzure byari bihagije. Igisubizo? Yubatswe hejuru kuri buri kintu cyinjijwe, hejuru yubuso buteye ubwoba, nicyumweru cyatakaye gukora byose. Byari isomo ryo kubaha imiterere yibikoresho.
Noneho ufite amanota-akomera amanota nka 17-4 PH. Kubikora muburyo bwakemuwe (Imiterere A) nibyiza, ariko niba igice gisaba gukora imashini nyuma yo gusaza kugeza H900 cyangwa H1150, mubyukuri ukata isoko. Amaganya arafunzwe, kandi igice kirashobora kugenda cyane nyuma yo gufata. Kuri complexe igice cyo gutunganya ibyuma hamwe no kwihanganira gukomeye, nka sensor yuburaro bwikirere, ibi bivuze ko ugomba guteza imbere urukurikirane: rukomeye, imyaka, hanyuma imashini irangire. Rimwe na rimwe, ugomba no gusiga ububiko bwinyongera kugirango usukure neza nyuma yo gusaza kugirango uhamagare ibyo guhamagara cyangwa kwibanda. Ntabwo ari ugukora chip gusa; ni ugucunga inzira zose.
Aha niho gufatanya nububiko bwimashini nububiko bwimashini ibona ubuzima bwuzuye burigihe. Isosiyete nka Qingdao Qiangsenyuan Technology Co., Ltd. (QSY), hamwe nimyaka mirongo itatu mugukora no gutunganya, mubisanzwe ibi byatetse mubikorwa byabo. Ntabwo bafata gusa akabari k'imigabane; barashobora guterera hafi-net-shusho yibigize muri cobalt alloy hanyuma bakayirangiza kumashini 5-axis. Uku kwishyira hamwe guhatira gusobanukirwa imyitwarire yibintu kuva icyuma gishongeshejwe kugeza igice cyanyuma, ni ntagereranywa.
Imbyino Igikoresho: Birenze Kugura Ibyiza Byiza
Umuntu wese arashaka kuvuga kubyerekeranye na karbide iheruka gutwikwa cyangwa gushiramo ceramic. Ni ukuri. Ariko kubwiza-bwiza igice cyo gutunganya ibyuma, ibikoresho geometrie ni kimwe cya kabiri cyintambara. Ukeneye inguni ityaye, nziza kugirango ugabanye ibikoresho aho kuyisunika, kugabanya imbaraga zo guca nubushyuhe. Ariko iyo mpande ityaye iroroshye. Ni ubucuruzi buhoraho. Kurangiza, dushobora gukoresha insimburangingo ya geometrie kugirango tubone Ra 0.8 indorerwamo isa nurangiza mumurongo umwe, ariko kuyishyiraho bisaba gukomera byimazeyo mugushiraho - kuganira kwose kandi byangiritse.
Gucukura umwobo muremure? Nibindi bibi. Imyitozo isanzwe yo kugoreka irashobora gupakira hamwe na chipi zikomeye kandi ugafata kumutima. Burigihe hafi ya myitozo ya parabolike cyangwa nibindi byiza, bikomeye bya karbide ikonje-binyuze mumyitozo. Igiciro kuri buri gikoresho kiri hejuru, ariko ikiguzi kuri buri gice cyiza. Nize iyi nzira igoye kumurongo wa hydraulic manifold. Twagerageje kuzigama kubikoresho hamwe na myitozo isanzwe ya HSS-Co. Twanyuze mu bice bitatu mbere yuko kumena imyitozo byangiza $ 500 ubusa. Twahinduye imyitozo ya karbide ikwiye hamwe na coolant-spindle, kandi twakoresheje ibice 50 bisigaye nta kibazo na kimwe. Igiciro cyibikoresho cyari gifite ishingiro mu isaha yambere.
Kandi ntabwo ari ibikoresho byo gukata ibyuma gusa. Gukora ni ngombwa. Umuyonga urashobora kuba woroshye hejuru yuzuye. Gukoresha urwasaya rw'ibyuma bisobekeranye neza kuri flangine yakozwe neza bizasiga ibimenyetso. Uhindura kuri jaws yoroshye ya aluminium, uyikoreshe mumwanya kugirango ufate neza umwirondoro wigice, cyangwa ukoreshe urwasaya rwa plastike rudahwitse. Yongeraho igihe cyo gushiraho, ariko ntibishobora kuganirwaho kwisiga cyangwa gufunga hejuru. Uku kwitondera amakuru arambuye gutandukanya igice gikora nigice gikora neza kandi gisa nkicyakozwe mubuhanga.
Paradox ya Precision: Ubworoherane nukuri
Kwihanganirana cyane ku icapiro ni isezerano, ariko imashini, igikoresho, ibikoresho, hamwe nubushyuhe bwibidukikije nukuri. Gufata ± 0.01mm kuri 500mm z'uburebure bw'icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma ntabwo ari ugutegura neza CNC neza. Stainless ifite coefficient yingenzi yo kwagura ubushyuhe. Niba ukora akazi keza cyane kandi iduka rishyuha kuri dogere nkeya kuva mugitondo kugeza nimugoroba, cyangwa niba ubushyuhe bukonje butagenzuwe, ibipimo byawe bizagenda. Ugomba kwishyura, haba mugucunga inzira (iduka rigenzurwa nikirere) cyangwa muburyo bukurikiranye kugirango ureke ubushyuhe bugabanuke mubikorwa.
Kubisosiyete nka QSY, akazi kayo kava mubushoramari bwa turbine gushiramo kugeza gusudira nini zakozwe, uyu ni umutsima wa buri munsi. Bagomba gutekereza kuborohereza guhangayikishwa na casting mbere yo gutangira imashini. Igice gishobora gufatwa kugeza kuri kimwe cya cumi cya milimetero muburyo bwanyuma, ariko niba gutoragura mbisi bifite impungenge zimbere, gukata kwambere kuremereye bizarekura kandi igice kizarigata nkibishishwa byibirayi. Rimwe na rimwe, intambwe ikomeye yo gutunganya intambwe nintangiriro yo guhangayika-kugabanya anneal. Nintambwe idakuraho ibintu byose ariko ituma intambwe zose zikurikira zishoboka.
Ubuso bwo kurangiza guhamagarwa nubundi buryo inyigisho zihura nimyitozo. Urashobora gukora progaramu nziza yintambwe nigaburo ryigaburo, ariko niba ibyuma bya spindle bifite umukino muto, cyangwa niba ufite ibikoresho byawe bitaringaniye, uzabona ihindagurika ryimiterere risize ishusho igaragara. Kugera ku ndorerwamo yukuri, ihamye kurangiza kumurongo munini wibyuma bidafite ingese bisaba intambwe yanyuma yintoki nyuma yo gusya CNC, nubuhanzi ubwabwo. Ni gake cyane inzira yuzuye kuva kuri bilet kugeza kumasanduku.
Iyo Ibintu Bitagenda nabi: Amasomo yo Kurandura Amasomo
Kunanirwa numwarimu mwiza, mugihe witondera. Kera kare, natunganyaga urukurikirane rwa 304 flanges. Icapiro ryahamagaye icyambu cya 1/4 NPT. Nayikomye kuri CNC, nsa neza. Icyumweru nyuma, inteko ivuga ko insanganyamatsiko zegeranijwe kandi zifatwa. Byagenze bite? Umuyonga, cyane cyane 304, ufite impengamiro yo guhumeka mugihe ibyuma bisa bihujwe hamwe mukibazo. Igisubizo nticyari cyiza cyo gukanda; yarimo isobanura urudodo rutandukanye rwo guteranya cyangwa no guhinduranya ibintu bitandukanye nkumuringa kubice byo gushyingiranwa. Imashini yari itunganye, ariko igishushanyo mbonera cyo gukora no guterana nticyari cyuzuye.
Ikindi cyakera ni ruswa. Ukora igice cyiza kuva 316 kitagira umwanda, cyatsinze ikizamini cyo gutera umunyu, ariko umukiriya arahamagara nyuma y'amezi atandatu afite ibibara. Akenshi, ni umwanda. Niba waratunganije igice kitagira umwanda ku musarani wakoreshwaga mbere mu byuma bya karubone, kandi urwasaya rwa chuck cyangwa ibikoresho ntibyigeze bisukurwa neza, uduce duto duto twibyuma dushobora kwinjirira hejuru. Ibi bice byangirika, bigatuma igice kitagira umwanda gisa nkicyananiranye. Gukosora nibikorwa: ibikoresho byabigenewe cyangwa bikomeye byo gusukura protocole kumirimo idafite umwanda. Byumvikane byoroshye, ariko kumaduka ahuze, birirengagizwa byoroshye kugeza bigutwaye umukiriya.
Ibi ntabwo aribibazo byubumenyi. Nibisobanuro birambuye byerekana niba a igice cyo gutunganya ibyuma Intsinzi mu murima. Ubunararibonye bwabatanga ibicuruzwa ntibupimwa gusa nimashini zabo zirabagirana, ahubwo ni logi yamakosa yashize hamwe na sisitemu bubatse kugirango birinde. Igikorwa kimaze igihe kinini nkicyinyuma tsingtaocnc.com byanze bikunze ifite ubujyakuzimu, kuba yarayoboye ibintu byose kuva guta kugabanuka kugeza igice cya nyuma cyangirika mumyaka irenga 30.
Ishusho Nini: Kuva Igice kugeza Ibigize Byuzuye
Hanyuma, birakwiye ko twibuka ko igice cyimashini kidakunze kubaho mubwigunge. Nibigize muri sisitemu. Aha niho ubushobozi bwo guteranya no gutunganya buba inyungu ikomeye. Fata inzu ya pompe. Urashobora kuyikoresha rwose uhereye kumurongo ukomeye wa 316, ariko urimo guta 70% yibikoresho nka chip, kandi igihe cyo gukora ni kinini. Ubundi, ushobora gushora ishoramari ryakozwe ninzobere nka QSY kumiterere ya net-net, hamwe gusa hejuru yikimenyetso gifatika, umwobo wa bolt, hamwe nibyambu bikenera gutunganywa neza. Igihe cyo kuyobora gishobora kuba kirekire bitewe nuburyo bwo gutara, ariko gukoresha ibikoresho nibyiza, igice akenshi gifite imiterere yimbuto nziza, kandi igiciro cyanyuma kubiciriritse kugeza murwego rwo hejuru ni bike.
Ubu buryo busaba ubufatanye bwimbitse hagati yubushakashatsi nuwabikoze kuva mugitangira. Ese umushinga w'inguni ushobora kongerwaho muri casting kugirango woroshye kurekurwa? Turashobora gushushanya sisitemu ya datum igaragara kuri casting kandi ikoreshwa mugukora imashini? Intego ni ugushushanya inzira zose zo gukora, ntabwo ari geometrie yanyuma. Imishinga ishimishije cyane ni mugihe tuzanwe mugice cya prototyping, kandi turashobora kuvuga, Niba uhinduye urukuta rwurukuta hanyuma ukongeramo radiyo hano, turashobora kujugunya neza kandi kugabanya igihe cyo gukora 30%. Nibwo wimutse kuba iduka ryimashini ukajya kuba umufatanyabikorwa ukora.
Noneho, mugihe ushaka a igice cyo gutunganya ibyuma, ntabwo ugura umwanya gusa kumashini ya CNC. Urimo kugura gusobanukirwa metallurgie, ibikoresho bikora, ingaruka zumuriro, hamwe no guhuza sisitemu. Igice kigeze kuri dock yawe nigisubizo cyumubiri cyibyemezo ijana bito, bikosorwa, nibice byuburambe bwatsinzwe. Kumurika nintambwe yanyuma gusa.
