Monel Alloy Ibice: Ibyiza, Ibikorwa byo Gukora, hamwe ninganda zikoreshwa 

Ibice bya monel ni ibice bigize inganda bikozwe muri sisitemu ya nikel-umuringa kandi ikorwa binyuze muri casting, gutunganya, cyangwa gukora. Basobanuwe aho ibyuma bya karubone, ibyuma bidafite umwanda, hamwe nandi mavuta menshi adashobora gufata: serivisi y’amazi yo mu nyanja, gukoresha aside hydrofluoric, kugabanya ibidukikije bya aside, ninzira ya alkaline. Igice cya Monel kivanze ntabwo ari icyiciro kimwe cyibicuruzwa. Numuryango wibigize urwego rwibikoresho, inzira yo gukora, nibisabwa kugenzura bigomba guhuzwa na serivise nyayo. Iyi ngingo yubaka igice cyamashusho kumurongo: icyo Monel aricyo, amanota yingirakamaro kubice, uko ibikoresho bitwara, uburyo bwo gutoranya no gutunganya byatoranijwe, ubwoko bwibigize Monel biva, aho bikoreshwa, nicyo umuguzi agomba kwemeza mbere yo gutanga itegeko.

Igice cya Monel ni iki?

Monel ni umuryango wa nikel-umuringa wavanze nikel nikintu cyiganje, mubisanzwe 63% byibuze (Ni + Co), hamwe numuringa nkibyingenzi byongeweho byongeweho hafi ya 28% kugeza 34%. Ibyuma byombi bigira igisubizo gihamye, gitanga umusemburo uhamye icyiciro kimwe cya austenitike yubushyuhe buringaniye kandi bugashimangira imyitwarire ya ruswa ndetse nubukomere bwayo.

Igice cya Monel ni igice icyo aricyo cyose cyakozwe muri sisitemu ya alloy: inzu ya pompe ya pompe, inzu ya valve yakozwe, imashini yihuta, icyuma kizunguruka kandi gisudira. Ibikoresho birashobora gutangwa nkibishishwa, ububiko, isahani, umuyoboro, kwibagirwa, cyangwa insinga, kandi inzira yo gukora igice ikurikira uhereye kumiterere nubunini busabwa.

Monel ikunze guhurizwa hamwe nikel-ishingiye kubice, ariko ntibigomba gufatwa nkibishobora guhinduka na buri nikel ivanze. Inconel, Incoloy, na Hastelloy ni sisitemu zitandukanye zivanze hamwe nuburyo butandukanye bwo gukomera no kwangirika. Monel ni ishami rya nikel-umuringa, kandi muri iryo shami, Monel 400 nicyiciro cyerekanwe cyane, nubwo atariyo yonyine. Itandukaniro rifatika rifite akamaro murwego rwo kugura: igishushanyo guhamagarira “Monel” idafite numero ya UNS gisiga umwanya munini wo gusobanura.

Uburyo bwo kubora bwa Monel butandukanye nubw'ibyuma bidafite ingese muburyo bukomeye. Ibyuma bitagira umwanda bishingiye kuri chromium ikungahaye kuri pasiporo. Monel ntabwo ishingiye kuri chromium kugirango ikingire. Kurwanya kwayo guturuka kuri nikel-umuringa igisubizo gikomeye ubwacyo, kikaba gihamye cyane mu kugabanya itangazamakuru ridafite aho ribogamiye aho ibyuma bitagira umwanda bishobora guhangana. Urugero, mumazi yinyanja, 316L ibyuma bitagira umwanda birashobora kwibasirwa nigitero cyatewe na chloride hamwe nigitero cya ruswa cyangirika mugihe runaka, mugihe Monel 400 ikoreshwa byumwihariko kuko irwanya ihungabana rya chloride kandi ikora neza mumazi yinyanja atemba. Ibyo ntibikora Monel kwisi yose "nziza"; ikora igikoresho gitandukanye kubintu bitandukanye, harimo kugabanya aside, aside hydrofluoric, hamwe nibidukikije byo mu nyanja.

Rusange ya Monel Alloy amanota nibitandukaniro ryabo

Ibyiciro bibiri bifite igice kinini cyibice bya Monel mugutanga amasoko: Monel 400 na Monel K-500. Basangiye nikel-umuringa umwe ariko ntibishobora guhinduka.

Monel 400 (UNS N04400)

Monel 400 nicyiciro gikomeye-gikemura. Ikomezwa nigisubizo gikomeye cya nikel-umuringa ubwacyo aho kuba imvura igwa, kandi itangwa muburyo bwimiterere cyangwa bukonje bukurikije imiterere yibicuruzwa nurwego rukenewe. Ku nkoni hamwe n’akabari, imbaraga ntarengwa zagaragajwe ni 482 MPa (70 ksi), hamwe n’umusaruro muke wa 172 MPa (25 ksi) naho uburebure bwa 35%. Indangagaciro zisanzwe zegeranye ziri hejuru - byavuzwe ko imbaraga zingana zingana na MPa 517-620, umusaruro wa MPa 172–345, no kurambura 35-60% ukurikije imiterere nubunini. Indangagaciro ziratandukanye nuburyo bwibicuruzwa, ingano, hamwe nigipimo cyibizamini, bityo ibisobanuro byubuguzi bigomba kwerekana ibipimo ngenderwaho bya ASTM cyangwa AMS aho gushingira kumpapuro imwe.

Monel 400 iraboneka nk'isahani, urupapuro, umurongo, akabari, inkoni, umuyoboro, umuyoboro, ububiko bwo guhimba, hamwe na casting. Ibicuruzwa bisanzwe bisanzwe birimo ASTM B127 kubisahani nurupapuro, ASTM B164 kumukoni numubari, ASTM B165 kumuyoboro utagira kashe, na ASTM B564 kubabarira. Mu rurimi rwamasoko, "Monel 400 igice" na "Monel alloy 400 igice" mubisanzwe bisobanura ikintu kimwe: igice cyakozwe muri UNS N04400. Umubare UNS numuranga udasobanutse gushira gushushanya.

Monel K-500 (UNS N05500)

Monel K-500 ni verisiyo ikomera. Igumana nikel-umuringa ariko ikongeramo aluminium na titanium, bigira imvura γ ′ imvura ya Ni₃ (Al, Ti) byateganijwe mugihe cyo kuvura gusaza. Iyo mvura igwa izamura imbaraga cyane. Kubikonje bikonje kandi bishaje hamwe na bar kuri ASTM B865 / AMS 4676, imbaraga ntoya ni 896 MPa (130 ksi) nimbaraga nkeya 586 MPa (85 ksi). Indangagaciro zisanzwe zishaje ni hejuru - hafi 1,100 MPa tensile na 790 MPa umusaruro, hamwe no kuramba hafi 20%.

Kuvura gusaza biterwa nuburyo bwibicuruzwa nibisobanuro byerekana. Kubikoresho bifatanye, gahunda ihagarariye ni 580-590 ° C mumasaha 8-10 ikurikirwa no gukonjesha ikirere; kubintu byimpeshyi, 530-540 ° C mumasaha 4-6 bikurikirwa no gukonjesha ikirere. Ibindi bicuruzwa bishobora gukoresha igihe-ubushyuhe butandukanye murwego rwagutse. Kugura K-500 bigomba kwerekana ibipimo ngenderwaho bikurikizwa hanyuma bikavuga ibyangombwa bisabwa aho gufata icyemezo kimwe cyo gusaza kwisi yose.

Itandukaniro rifatika ryo guhitamo igice biroroshye. Monel 400 yatoranijwe aho kurwanya ruswa no guhinduka aribyo byihutirwa kandi imbaraga ziciriritse zirahagije. Monel K-500 yatoranijwe aho hakenewe kurwanya ruswa imwe ariko igice nacyo kigomba gutwara imitwaro ihanitse cyangwa kurwanya kwambara: pompe ya pompe, imashini zimanura, ibiti bya valve, hamwe nimbaraga zikomeye ni bisanzwe K-500. K-500 nayo ikomeza kuba magnetique igera kuri −101 ° C (−150 ° F), ifite akamaro mubice bimwe na bimwe bya peteroli hamwe nibikoresho bya elegitoroniki.

Umuguzi ntagomba gutekereza ko igice cya K-500 gishobora gusimburwa igice cya Monel 400, cyangwa inyuma. Kuvura gusaza bihindura ibipimo gato, imyitwarire yo gutunganya iratandukanye, kandi imbaraga-gukomera ntago ari kimwe. Impamyabumenyi ihamagarwa ku gishushanyo no kugura bigomba guhuza inshingano zagenewe serivisi.

Ayandi manota ya Monel arahari, nka Monel 401 na Monel 404, ariko bafite imyanya migufi kandi ntabwo aribyiciro byingenzi byahuye nabyo muri rusange kugura amasoko ya Monel. Kubyemezo byinshi byo kugura inganda, 400-na-K-500 itandukaniro nicyo cyingenzi mbere.

Ibyingenzi byingenzi bya Monel Alloy Ibice

Imiterere ituma Monel igira akamaro mubice ntabwo numero imwe yumutwe. Nibihuriweho: kurwanya ruswa mubitangazamakuru byihariye, urwego ruciriritse-hejuru-urwego rwimbaraga, gukomera kwiza, hamwe nimyitwarire yumubiri iteganijwe. Icyangombwa mugushushanya igice no gutanga amasoko nuburyo iyo mitungo ijyanye nibidukikije bya serivisi.

Kurwanya ruswa bifitanye isano n'itangazamakuru ryihariye

Monel 400 ikora neza mumazi yinyanja, cyane cyane amazi yinyanja atemba, no mubisubizo byumunyu utabogamye na alkaline. Irwanya cyane hydrochloric na hydrofluoric acide iyo ihumeka, kandi irerekana ko irwanya aside sulfurike mugihe cyo kugabanya ibihe. Muri serivisi ya acide hydrofluoric, Monel ikunze gutoranywa kubera ko kuyirwanya bigoye guhura nicyuma cyangwa titanium. Kugabanuka ni ngombwa kimwe: kugabanuka byongera igipimo cya ruswa muri acide, kandi okiside umunyu wa aside nka ferric chloride itera kurwanya nabi. Monel ntabwo ari intego rusange "acide-aside"; inyungu zayo yibanda mukugabanya no kudatera okiside ibidukikije.

Iyi myitwarire yihariye niyo mpamvu igice cya Monel alloy igice kitagomba na rimwe gusobanurwa hashingiwe kuri "ruswa irwanya ruswa" yonyine. Icyemezo cyubuguzi gikeneye uburyo, kwibanda, ubushyuhe bwimikorere, hamwe nuburyo bwo kugereranya. Bitabaye ibyo, guhitamo ibikoresho ntabwo byuzuye.

Imyitwarire ya mehaniki na physique ijyanye nibice

Monel 400 ikomatanya imbaraga ziciriritse-hejuru-hamwe no guhindagurika neza no gukomera. Ikomeza ibikoresho byingirakamaro kuva mubushyuhe bwa zeru kugeza kuri 480 ° C mukirere, hejuru yacyo igipimo kikaba imbogamizi. Ubucucike bwa Monel 400 bugera kuri 8.8 g / cm³, ubushyuhe bwumuriro bugera kuri 21.8 W / m · K, kandi ibivanze ni magnetique gato mubushyuhe bwicyumba hamwe nubushyuhe bwa Curie buri hagati ya 20 ° C na 50 ° C. Indangagaciro zumubiri zifite akamaro mubice byashushanyije: ubucucike bugira ingaruka kuburemere na inertia mubice bizunguruka; ubushyuhe bwumuriro bugira ingaruka ku guhererekanya ubushyuhe mubice byo guhana no kubyara ubushyuhe mugihe cyo gutunganya; magnetism ntoya ifite akamaro mubikoresho nibigize aho bigenzurwa na magnetiki.

Monel K-500 yubaka kuri base imwe ariko itanga imbaraga zisumba izindi nyuma yo gusaza. Iguma idafite magnetiki igera kuri −101 ° C (−150 ° F), ibyo bikaba akarusho mubice bimwe na bimwe byamanuka. Gucuruza ni uko kuvura gusaza byongera intambwe kandi bisaba kugenzura itanura; igice cya K-500 ntabwo ari igice cya Monel 400 gusa na label itandukanye.

Gukomera ku kazi n'ingaruka zabyo

Monel alloys ikora cyane mugihe cyo gukata no gukonja. Mugutunganya, igorofa yubuso irakomera ako kanya mbere yinyuma yinyuma yinyuma, ikazamura imbaraga zo gutema, kwihutisha kwambara, kandi bishobora kuganisha kumyubakire yubuso no kurangiza nabi niba ibikorwa bitagenzuwe. Ntabwo ari inenge yibikoresho; ni ibintu biranga gahunda yo gukora. Ninimpamvu kandi gutunganya Monel alloy gutunganya akenshi byegerejwe hamwe nibikoresho bikarishye, geometrike nziza ya rake, hamwe no gukata ibipimo birinda gutura mugukata.

Ku baguzi b'igice, imyumvire yo kunaniza akazi ifite amasoko ataziguye. Amaduka afata Monel nkibyuma 316 bitagira umuyonga birashobora guhangana nubuzima bwibikoresho, guhuza ibipimo, hamwe nubusugire bwubuso. Uburyo bwo gutunganya ibicuruzwa bitanga rero ni bimwe mubigomba gusuzumwa, ntabwo ari ibitekerezo.

Uburyo bwo Gukora Ibice bya Monel Alloy

Monel alloy ibice byakozwe binyuze munzira enye zingenzi: guta, gutunganya, guhimba, no gukora / gusudira. Gutera no gutunganya byiganje mubice bikora igice, kandi bivurwa hano murutonde.

Kasting

Gutera bikoreshwa mugihe igice cya geometrie kitoroshye, mugihe hakenewe ibice byimbere cyangwa ibintu bisize irangi, cyangwa mugihe utanga ishusho yegeranye-net bigabanya imyanda yibikoresho hamwe nogukora nyuma. Gutera umucanga, gushora imari, hamwe na centrifugal casting byose bikoreshwa kuri nikel-umuringa.

Gutera Monel byerekana ibibazo byuburyo uruganda rugomba kugenzura. Amavuta avanze afite intera ndende yo gushonga, hafi 1,300 ° C kugeza kuri 1,350 ° C, kandi ikunda kwinjizwa na gaze no kugabanuka kwinshi niba kwinjira no kuzamuka bidakozwe neza. Gusuka ubushyuhe, kugenzura ibicuruzwa, no kugaburira imyitozo byose bigira ingaruka nziza. Ibi nibibazo byubushakashatsi, ariko bihinduka ikibazo cyumuguzi mugihe casting yerekanwe nta bisabwa byumvikana. Ubuguzi bwa casting bugomba kwerekana ibipimo byokwemerwa muburyo bwo kugenzura nuburyo bwo kugenzura, ntabwo ari urwego rwa alloy gusa.

Nickel alloy casting ibice bya serivisi ya Monel mubisanzwe harimo imibiri ya pompe, imibiri ya valve, imashini, hamwe nibikoresho. Ubunararibonye bwuruganda hamwe na nikel-umuringa wavanze ni igipimo cyujuje ibyangombwa bisobanutse kuruta uburambe bwa ferrous casting, kuko gukomera hamwe na gaze biratandukanye.

Imashini

Imashini zitwikiriye zahinduwe, zasya, ziracukurwa, hamwe nuudodo, kandi ni inzira isanzwe kubice biva mu kabari, ku isahani, cyangwa kwibagirwa: ibiti, ibisate, flanges, ibiti bya valve, hamwe n’ibihuza. Monel 400 irakoreshwa cyane ariko isaba kubaha imyitwarire yimikorere ya alloy hamwe nugushaka kubyara ubushyuhe mukarere.

Amategeko ngenderwaho yo gutunganya Monel arahuza mumasoko ya tekiniki: koresha ibikoresho bikarishye, byiza-rake; kubungabunga ibiryo bihagije hamwe nubujyakuzimu bwo gukata kugirango ubone munsi yakazi gakomeye; irinde guswera cyangwa gutura; hanyuma utegure gukomera no kurangiza kugirango ubuso bwuzuye butasigara hamwe nigice cyangiritse. Ibikoresho bya Carbide birasanzwe, kandi ibikoresho bya ceramic cyangwa PCBN bikoreshwa mubikorwa bimwe na bimwe imashini na setup birakomeye bihagije. Iyo igice cya Monel gisaba kwihanganira gukomeye hamwe no kurangiza neza neza, urutonde rwimashini rushobora kuba rurimo intambwe yo kugabanya imihangayiko hagati yo gukomera no kurangiza kugenzura kugoreka.

Nickel alloy ibice byo gutunganya muri Monel rero biratandukanye nibice byicyuma mugihe cyigihe nigiciro cyibikoresho, nubwo geometrie isa. Utanga isoko abisobanukiwe azasubiramo kandi ategure uko bikwiye; utanga isoko adashobora gutanga ibice bifite ibipimo bidahuye cyangwa ubusugire bwubuso.

Guhimba no gushiraho

Guhimba bikoreshwa mubice bikenera gutembera kwintete no kunoza imiterere yubukanishi, nkibiti, imibiri ya valve, hamwe nubunyangamugayo bukomeye. Monel 400 yibihimbano bitwikiriye ibipimo nka ASTM B564, kandi kwibagirwa birashobora gukorerwa mubipimo byanyuma. Gukora no gusudira bifite akamaro kubice bishingiye ku isahani, guteranya imiyoboro, no guhimba. Monel 400 ifite gusudira neza muburyo busanzwe, hamwe no gutoranya ibyuma byuzuye hamwe nisuku nibyo bigenzura nyamukuru; kuvura ubushyuhe nyuma yo gusudira ntabwo buri gihe bisabwa kugirango birwanye ruswa, nubwo kugabanya impagarara bishobora kugaragazwa kugirango bihamye.

Kubice byinshi bya Monel, inzira yo gukora ntabwo ari inzira imwe ahubwo ni urunigi. Inzu ya pompe yamashanyarazi irashobora gutunganyirizwa mumaso yayo ya flange; uruzitiro mpimbano rushobora guhindurwa, kurudodo, nubutaka. Gukora ibice bya Monel rero bikubiyemo ibyemezo kuri buri ntambwe, kandi ibisobanuro byubuguzi bigomba kwerekana neza intambwe ninshingano zabatanga.

Monel Alloy Casting na Machine: Igihe cyo Gukoresha Buri

Guhitamo hagati yo gutara no gutunganya igice cya monel alloy itwarwa na geometrie, ubwinshi, kwihanganira, hamwe nibisabwa kugenzura, ntabwo ari uguhitamo inzira imwe kurindi. Inzira zombi ziremewe, kandi zombi zishobora gutanga ibice byujuje ibintu bimwe.

Gutera ninzira iboneye mugihe igice gifite imiterere igoye yo hanze cyangwa ibice byimbere byasaba gutunganywa cyane bivuye mubikomeye, mugihe ubwinshi bwemeza ibikoresho nibikoresho, cyangwa mugihe hafi-net igabanya igiciro cyose cyibikoresho no gutunganya. Umuvuduko wa pompe, umubiri wa valve ufite inzira itembera, cyangwa moteri ifite ibinyabiziga bigoramye ni ibintu bisanzwe. Inzira ya casting yimura geometrike igoye muburyo, aho isubirwamo mubukungu muburyo bwo gukora.

Imashini iva mukabari, isahani, cyangwa guhimba ninzira ikwiye mugihe igice cyoroshye cya geometrike ariko gisaba cyane, mugihe ubwinshi ari buke cyangwa igishushanyo kiracyasubirwamo, cyangwa mugihe ibintu byibikoresho byakozwe muburyo bukenewe. Monel ikwiranye nkigice cyakozwe kuva kuri hex bar, monel bolt yahindutse kandi ihinduranya kuva kumurongo uzengurutse, cyangwa igiti cya valve cyakozwe mububiko ni ingero zisanzwe. Imashini itanga igenzura ritaziguye kwihanganira, kurangiza hejuru, hamwe nubwiza bwurudodo, kandi birinda ibikoresho byo kuyobora igihe cyo gukina bisaba.

Inzira zombi zikunze guhuzwa. Monel alloy casting irashobora gutomorwa namafaranga yo gutunganya, hanyuma kurambirwa, guhura, gucukura, no gukoreshwa kugeza kurwego rwa nyuma. Ubu buryo bwa Hybrid burasanzwe mubice bya pompe na valve: uruganda rutanga amajwi hafi ya net casting, kandi iduka ryimashini rishyiraho ibice bikomeye kandi bifunga kashe. Kubaguzi, urufunguzo nugusobanura ubuso busa nkibikorwa kandi bigakorwa, no kwerekana ibisabwa byubugenzuzi byombi.

Urwego rufatika rwo guca imanza rureba ibintu bine bihinduka. Geometrie igoye ishyigikira casting. Umubare utonesha gukina iyo ibikoresho bimaze kugabanywa, mugihe ubwinshi butonesha gukora. Ubworoherane hamwe nubuso bwo kurangiza busabwa gutunganya ibintu byingenzi. Kandi inzira yemewe yo kugenzura ifite akamaro: casting irashobora gusaba radiografiya cyangwa igenzura ryinjira kugirango ryumvikane neza imbere, mugihe ibice byakorewe imashini bigenzurwa mubipimo no kurangiza hejuru. Nta na kimwe muri ibyo bihinduka cyonyine kigena inzira; bapimwe hamwe.

Ibice bya Monel byihariye bisobanurwa kenshi nta muguzi uvuga inzira yatoranijwe. Muri icyo gihe, ibyifuzo byabatanga isoko bigomba gufatwa nkicyifuzo cya tekiniki, ntabwo gisanzwe. Umuguzi agomba kubaza impamvu gutoranya cyangwa gutunganya byatoranijwe, ubushobozi buteganijwe kumvikana cyangwa ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira, nuburyo gahunda yubugenzuzi ihuye nimikorere y igice.

Ubwoko busanzwe bwa Monel Alloy Ibice

Monel alloy ibice bigaragara mumiryango myinshi izwi. Imbonerahamwe ikurikira irashushanya ubwoko busanzwe muburyo busanzwe bwo gukora, icyerekezo cyo kurwego, ninshingano za serivisi. Inkingi yerekana amanota yiganje, ntabwo ari itegeko ryihariye; amanota nyayo agomba gukurikiza imiterere ya serivisi.

Kwizirika bikwiye kwitabwaho byumwihariko kuko ni murwego rwohejuru rwa Monel igice. Monel bolts na nuts zakozwe muburyo bwihuse nka ASTM F467 na F468 kugirango zidahinduka, kandi Monel 400 ibikoresho bisanzwe bigurwa kuri ASTM B366 cyangwa bihwanye nibisobanuro bihuye. Izina risanzwe rifite akamaro: "Monel bolt" idafite umuhamagaro usanzwe hamwe nu ntera ntabwo ari ibisobanuro byuzuye byubuguzi.

Ibice bya Monel hamwe nibice bya Monel byateganijwe gushushanya bifata inzira itandukanye yo kugura. Kuri ibyo, igishushanyo gisobanura geometrie, ubworoherane, hamwe no guhamagarwa kw'ibikoresho, kandi inshingano z'uwabitanze ni ugushyira mu bikorwa inzira yo gukora na gahunda yo kugenzura. Itandukaniro riri hagati yubuguzi busanzwe nigice cyaguzwe gihindura ibyo umuguzi akeneye kwerekana: igice gisanzwe gisobanurwa numubare usanzwe hamwe n amanota, mugihe igice cyihariye gisobanurwa nigishushanyo cyacyo, icyemezo cyibikoresho, nibisabwa kugenzura.

Inganda zikoreshwa munganda za Monel Alloy Ibice

Monel alloy ibice byatoranijwe aho guhuza kurwanya ruswa, imbaraga, no gukomera bihuye ninganda zihariye. Porogaramu ikurikira irategurwa nuburyo bwa serivise itwara ibintu bifatika, ntabwo ari urutonde rwinganda kubwabo.

Gutunganya imiti

Ibikoresho bya shimi bikoresha aside hydrofluoric, aside sulfurike mugihe cyo kugabanya ibihe, ninzuzi za alkaline nubutaka bwa Monel. Monel ibice 400 bigaragara mumashanyarazi imbere, guhinduranya ubushyuhe, guhuza imiyoboro, pompe na valve trim, nibikoresho byo gutoranya umurongo. Urudodo rusanzwe ni ukugabanya cyangwa kutangiza okiside yibidukikije aho nikel-umuringa igisubizo gikomeye gitanga ituze ibyuma bidashobora guhura. Ubwitonzi bujyanye nabwo burahambaye kimwe: okiside cyane itangazamakuru, nka acide nitric cyangwa ibisubizo birimo ion ferric, biri hanze ya Monel yagenewe. Iperereza ryimiti rigomba rero kuvuga uburyo bwo hagati, kwibanda, ubushyuhe, hamwe nuburyo bwo kugereranya, kubera ko izo mpinduka zerekana niba Monel ari umusemburo ukwiye na gato.

Serivise yo mu nyanja n’inyanja

Amapompo yo mu nyanja, indangantego, guhanahana ubushyuhe, ibyuma bifata imiyoboro, hamwe n’ibifunga biri mu bintu byakoreshejwe cyane muri Monel 400. Uyu musemburo urwanya amazi yo mu nyanja na chloride yangirika, kandi akoreshwa mu bikoresho bya pompe, ibyuma byangiza, ibiti bya valve, hamwe n’ibikoresho byo kuvoma amazi yo mu nyanja. Monel K-500 yagura umusingi umwe wo kwangirika kumashanyarazi akomeye kandi yiziritse aho imbaraga za Monel 400 zidahagije. Ibidukikije byo mu nyanja byerekana kandi impamvu n'inzira bigomba guhuzwa: umubiri wa Monel 400 wa valve hamwe na pompe ya K-500 ya pompe ikozwe muri sisitemu imwe yo mu nyanja ikora imirimo itandukanye yubukorikori hamwe numuryango umwe.

Gukora pompe na valve

Abakora pompe na valve ni abakoresha cyane ibice bya Monel alloy kuko ibicuruzwa byabo bihuza itangazamakuru ryangirika hamwe na moteri. Amapompo, abimura, shafts, kwambara impeta, imibiri ya valve, intebe, ibiti, na trim bose ni abakandida ba Monel 400 cyangwa K-500 bitewe n'imbaraga n'ibisabwa. Inzira yo gukora yerekana indorerwamo ya geometrike: ibishishwa hamwe numubiri bikunda guterana cyangwa guteramo hiyongereyeho imashini, mugihe ibiti, ibiti, hamwe na trim bikunda gutunganywa kuva mukabari cyangwa guhimba. Kuri pompe cyangwa valve OEM, ikibazo kijyanye ntabwo ari "Monel cyangwa ingese" ahubwo ni icyiciro cya Monel ninzira yo gukora izatanga imipaka isabwa, kugenzura ibipimo, hamwe nubuzima bwa ruswa.

Ibindi bikoreshwa mu nganda

Ibice bya monel bigaragara no mubikoresho bitanga peteroli na gaze, guhanahana ingufu z'amashanyarazi, no gutunganya ibiryo no gutunganya imiti aho hakenewe ubutare bwangiza ruswa, busukuye. Muri peteroli na gaze, Monel K-500 ikoreshwa mubintu bitari magnetique nka cola colaux hamwe nibikoresho byiza-byamavuta, naho Monel 400 ikoreshwa mubyuma na fitingi muri serivisi ibora. Izi porogaramu zisangiye logique imwe: inshingano yo hagati na mashini biza mbere, kandi amanota nibikorwa bikurikira. Ibice bya Nickel-umuringa ni ibikoresho-bisobanurwa mu muryango umwe, kandi ni ingirakamaro mugihe itangwa ryamasoko ryateguwe na sisitemu ya alloy aho kuba izina ryubucuruzi.

Ibyo Kwemeza Mugihe Sourcing Monel Alloy Ibice

Kugura igice cya Monel alloy igice cyananiranye muburyo buteganijwe: amanota ntasobanutse, ibisanzwe birabuze, inzira yinzira isigara uyitanga adafite ibyangombwa, cyangwa ibisabwa byubugenzuzi ntibivuzwe. Urutonde rwo kwemeza hepfo rwateguwe hafi yibyemezo bigira ingaruka niba igice cyatanzwe gikora.

Urwego rwibikoresho nibisanzwe. Icyemezo cyo kugura kigomba kuvuga numero ya UNS, ntabwo izina ryubucuruzi gusa. Kuri Monel 400, iyo ni UNS N04400; kuri Monel K-500, UNS N05500. Ibipimo ngenderwaho bikurikizwa bigomba no kuvugwa: kurugero, ASTM B127 kubisahani, B164 kumubari, B165 kumuyoboro, B564 kubibagirwa, cyangwa B865 kuri K-500 bar, inkoni, no kwibagirwa, ukurikije imiterere yibicuruzwa hamwe n amanota. Kubakinnyi, ibisabwa byemewe bya ASTM bigomba kwemezwa ukundi mbere yuko itegeko ryo kugura ritangwa; ibipimo byavuzwe haruguru bikubiyemo impapuro zakozwe na K-500 bar / kwibagirwa, ntabwo amasoko rusange ya Monel. Igishushanyo kivuga ngo "Monel" idafite numero ya UNS hamwe nibicuruzwa byerekana ibicuruzwa bisiga uwabitanze kugirango asobanure ibisabwa.

Igishushanyo, ibipimo, hamwe no kwihanganira. Kubice byihariye bya Monel, gusubiramo ibishushanyo bigomba kuba bigezweho, kandi ibipimo bikomeye, kwihanganira, kurangiza hejuru, hamwe nibisobanuro byihariye bigomba kuba byemewe. Kuri casting, igishushanyo kigomba gutandukanya as-cast hejuru yimashini kandi igomba kwerekana amafaranga yimashini hamwe nibisabwa. Kubice byakorewe imashini, gahunda ya datum nuburyo bwo kugenzura bigomba kuba bidasobanutse.

Kwemeza inzira yo gukora. Umuguzi agomba kumenya niba utanga isoko ashaka gutera, imashini kuva mukabari cyangwa guhimba, cyangwa guhuza byombi. Niba hasabwa gutora, ubunararibonye bwa nikel-umuringa hamwe nuburyo bwo kugenzura amajwi bigomba kwemezwa. Niba imashini yatanzwe, uburyo bwabatanga uburyo bwo kugenzura akazi no gukoresha ibikoresho bigomba kuba bimwe mubiganiro bya tekiniki. Monel alloy casting hamwe na Monel alloy gutunganya ntabwo bihinduranya bisanzwe; bitwaza imyirondoro itandukanye.

Gushyushya no kuvura. Kuri Monel K-500, kuvura gusaza nintambwe yihariye kandi bigomba kwemezwa kubisanzwe hamwe nibicuruzwa. Kuri Monel 400, imiterere - yometseho, igabanya imihangayiko, cyangwa ikonje ikonje - igomba kuvugwa kuko igira ingaruka ku mbaraga, ibipimo, hamwe nimyitwarire yimashini. Icyemezo kivuga "Monel K-500" udafite gusaza ntabwo cyuzuye.

Kugenzura inyandiko. Icyemezo cyibizamini bifatika hamwe nibigize imiti nibikoresho byibanze. Kubakinnyi, umuguzi arashobora kwerekana radiografiya, yinjira, cyangwa ultrasonic igenzura bitewe nigitutu cyigice cyangwa inshingano zubaka. Kubice byakorewe imashini, raporo yubugenzuzi buringaniye hamwe nubuso burangije inyandiko nibimenyetso bihuye. Ubushyuhe bwinshi bugomba kubikwa kuva icyemezo cyurusyo kugeza igice cyarangiye.

Urutonde rwiperereza rwibanze ni ingirakamaro: amanota yibikoresho na numero ya UNS; ikoreshwa rya ASTM cyangwa AMS kumiterere yibicuruzwa; gushushanya gusubiramo n'ibipimo bikomeye; inzira yo gukora (cast, imashini, cyangwa byombi); uburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe; ibisabwa byo kugenzura n'inyandiko; n'ubushyuhe bwinshi. Kubisanzwe bya Monel cyangwa monel bolts, umubare usanzwe hamwe n amanota asimbuza igishushanyo, ariko ibyemezo byibikoresho nibisabwa bikomeza.

Ibibazo

Ese ibice bya Monel 400 na Monel K-500 bishobora gukoreshwa kimwe?
Ntabwo ari nkibisanzwe. K-500 imyaka irakomeye kandi irakomeye cyane, mugihe Monel 400 nicyiciro gikomeye-gikemura. Basangiye ibishingwe birwanya ruswa, ariko imbaraga, kuvura ubushyuhe, nimyitwarire yo gutunganya biratandukanye. Isimburwa rigomba gusuzumwa ukurikije umutwaro nyirizina na serivisi, ntabwo byafashwe.

Ibice bya Monel bivanze birashobora gusudwa?
Monel 400 ifite gusudira neza kubikorwa bya TIG na MIG ukoresheje icyuma cya nikel-umuringa wuzuza ibyuma, hamwe nisuku no kugenzura ubushyuhe nicyo kintu cyingenzi gisabwa. Kuvura ubushyuhe nyuma yo gusudira ntabwo buri gihe bisabwa kugirango birwanye ruswa, nubwo kugabanya impagarara bishobora kugaragazwa aho umutekano uhagaze. Impamyabumenyi yo gusudira iracyari inshingano zabatanga.

Nigute umuguzi ahitamo hagati ya Monel nicyuma kitagira umwanda kugirango serivisi zamazi yo mu nyanja?
Guhitamo biterwa nuburyo bwihariye bwamazi yinyanja ninshingano zubukanishi. Monel 400 yatoranijwe aho chloride ihangayikishijwe no kwangirika kwangirika no gukora mumazi yinyanja atemba, mugihe ibyuma bitagira umwanda bifite aho bigarukira kandi byerekana ibiciro. Icyemezo kigomba gushingira kumiterere, imiterere, ubushyuhe, nimbaraga zisabwa, ntabwo bishingiye kumurongo rusange kumuryango umwe.

Ese "monel alloy part" ni kimwe na "Monel 400 igice"?
Oya. Igice cya Monel ni ijambo ryagutse kubice byose bikozwe mumuryango wa nikel-umuringa. Igice cya Monel 400 nigice cyakozwe muri UNS N04400. Ibice bya K-500 nabyo ni ibice bya Monel, ariko ntabwo ari Monel 400.

Ni ayahe makuru yo gushushanya akenewe muri casting ya Monel?
Igishushanyo kigomba kwerekana as-geometrie, amafaranga yo gutunganya, inguni zinguni, hejuru yimashini zikomeye, ibisabwa byo kwihanganira, hamwe nibisabwa hamwe nibisabwa kugirango hagenzurwe ikintu cyose kidasenya. Ihamagarwa ryibikoresho rigomba kuba ririmo amanota ya casting na numero ya UNS, kandi ibipimo ngenderwaho bya ASTM bigomba kwemezwa hamwe n’umushinga mbere yuko itegeko rishyirwaho.

Niki kigira ingaruka kumwanya wo kuyobora ibice bya Monel?
Igihe cyo kuyobora giterwa n amanota, ibicuruzwa biboneka, niba ibikoresho bya casting bisabwa, ibikoreshwa, hamwe nubugenzuzi. Igice cyimashini kiva mububiko gishobora kwimuka byihuse kuruta uburyo bushya bwo gutoranya wongeyeho ingingo ya mbere. Umuguzi agomba gusaba uwatanze isoko kuvuga igihe cyambere abashoferi aho kuvuga numero imwe idafite ishingiro.

Ibice bya monel bivangwa neza mugihe serivisi isaba ibirenze ibyuma bisanzwe bidafite ingese bishobora gutanga mukugabanya acide, amazi yinyanja, cyangwa inzira ya alkaline. Umuryango wibikoresho ni muto - nikel-umuringa, hamwe na Monel 400 na K-500 bikubiyemo igice kinini gisabwa - ariko ibyemezo biri hafi ntabwo. Guhitamo amanota, inzira yo gukora, kuvura ubushyuhe, no kugenzura bikora urunigi, kandi ihuriro ridakomeye umwanya uwariwo wose rishobora guhungabanya igice cyarangiye. Umuguzi uzana igishushanyo, nimero ya UNS, igipimo cyerekana ibicuruzwa, ibyateganijwe gutegurwa, hamwe nibisabwa kugenzurwa kubiganiro bitanga isoko biri mumwanya ukomeye cyane kuruta uwasabye “ibice bya Monel” agategereza amagambo yatanzwe. Niba igice cyihariye cya Monel gisabwa igice kimaze gusobanurwa, intambwe ikurikira ni ugutegura ibyo bintu bitanu no gusaba igisubizo cya tekiniki nubucuruzi kubarwanya.