Abstract: Iyo inoshanda nhanho-ne-nhanho gwara rekusarudza iyo chaiyo thermocouple yekudzivirira chubhu yekugara kwenguva refu, yakaringana yepamusoro-tembiricha indasitiri kuyerwa.
Kusarudza iyo chaiyo thermocouple yekudzivirira chubhu inodzivirira kutadza nguva isati yakwana, inova nechokwadi chekuverenga tembiricha, uye inowedzera hupenyu hwesevhisi munzvimbo dzakaomarara dzemaindasitiri.
Zvesimbi, kugadzira simende, simba rekupisa, uye petrochemical zvivakwa, chubhu yekudzivirira isina kusarudzwa ndeimwe yeanowanzo akavanzika zvikonzero zvekusarongeka kudzika uye kusavimbika kwemaitiro data.
Gwaro iri rinofamba kuburikidza neanoshanda, nhanho-ne-nhanho sarudzo inoyera kusamira kwetembiricha, corrosion performance, mechanical durability, uye kuyerwa kwemhinduro kuti ienderane-chaiyo-nyika yekushanda mamiriro.
Nei iyo Yakakodzera Thermocouple Dziviriro Tube Iine Nyaya Yepamusoro-Tembiricha kuyerwa
Iyo thermocouple pachayo inongokonzeresa kugadzira chiratidzo chekushisa.
Iyo chubhu yekudzivirira inoshanda seyekutanga chipingamupinyi chemuviri icho chinoparadzanisa inodzika thermocouple junction kubva muchoto mhepo, flue magasi, zvinhu zvakanyungudutswa, abrasive guruva, uye mechaniki maitiro.
Kunyange kirasi yepamusoro-yepamusoro-soro 1 thermocouple ichabudisa kuverenga kusina kugadzikana kana kukundikana zvachose kana tembiricha yekudzivirira ikatsemuka, corrodes kuburikidza, kana kupfava pakupisa kwekushanda.
Mukuenderera mberi kwekushanda kwemaindasitiri, kutadza kusingatarisirwe kwechubhu kutadza kunowanzo kumanikidza zvikwata kuvhara kupinda kwe thermowell, kudhiza process fluid, kana kumbomira kugadzirwa kutsiva gungano.
Zvivakwa zvakawanda zvinorasa maawa ekugadzirisa nguva uye zviuru zvemadhora mukurasikirwa kwekubuda kwete nekuti ivo vakasarudza yakaderera-mutengo chubhu, asi nekuti ivo vakaisa sarudzo chete pane yakanyanya kushambadzirwa tembiricha rating pasina accounting. mamwe mamiriro ekushanda.
Danho 1: Matanidza Material kune Inoenderera Inoshanda Tembiricha
Chiyero chetembiricha ndicho chekutanga uye chinonyanya kukosha pakusarudza, asi zvakare chimwe chezvinowanzo dudzirwa zvisizvo.
Vagadziri vanowanzo nyora mwero wenguva pfupi wetembiricha wekuti zvinhu zvinogona kurarama kwemaawa mashoma, kwete tembiricha inoramba ichishanda iyo inogona kuchengetedza kutendeseka kwezviuru zvemaawa ebasa.
Common Material Temperature Limites uye Zvinoshanda Zvipingamupinyi
Mapato akasiyana emhando yepamusoro-yekudzivirira inodzivirira anoshumira akasiyana tembiricha mabhendi, uye hapana chinhu chimwe chinoita zvakanaka pane ese anobvira renji:
- 316 Stainless Simbi: Inokodzera kushandiswa nguva dzose kusvika 600°C. Inopa yakanaka general corrosion resistance asi inokurumidza oxidize uye kurasikirwa nesimba pamusoro pechikumbaridzo ichi.
- Incoloy 800: Inovimbika kushanda kwenguva refu pakudziya kusvika ku1100 ° C mune oxidizing uye kwayakarerekera mamiriro ekunze. Inoita zvakanaka munzvimbo dzeupfu uye dzecarburizing, zvichiita kuti ive sarudzo yakajairika kune boiler flue gasi kuyerwa.
- Inconel 600: Yakagadzirirwa kuenderera mberi sevhisi kusvika kutenderedza 1150 ° C, nekupokana kwakanyanya kune zvese oxidation uye kuderedza. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukupisa kurapwa kwechoto application uko kukurumidza tembiricha bhasikoro kunoitika.
- Yakakwirira-kuchena alumina ceramic: Inokwanisa kuenderera mberi kushanda pamusoro pe1600 ° C, uye inoramba yakagadzikana kunyange mune dzakawanda dzakanyungudutswa dzesimbi dzinosangana zviitiko. Iyo yakanyanya brittle kupfuura masimbi alloys, zvisinei, uye inogona kutsemuka pasi pekuvhunduka kwekushisa kana mechanical impact.
Kana uchifananidza zvinhu netembiricha, gara uchishandisa chiyero chesevhisi inoenderera seyako yekutanga kwete iyo yepamusoro yerabhoritari rero.
Kana maitiro ako achigara achitenderera pakati pekamuri tembiricha uye yakanyanya tembiricha yekushanda, iwe unofanirwa zvakare kudzikisa inoshanda tembiricha muganho kuti uzvidavirire kudzokororwa kwekuwedzera kwekupisa uye kuderera.
Danho 2: Ongorora Corrosion uye Chemical Exposure Risks
Kunyangwe chinhu chikakwanisa kumira tembiricha yezita, kuratidzwa kwemakemikari kusingatarisirwe kunogona kuparadza thermocouple yekudzivirira chubhu muchidimbu chehupenyu hwayo hunotarisirwa sevhisi.
Mumaitiro akawanda ekupisa kwepamusoro-soro, mhepo yakatenderedza ine zvinhu zvinoparadza izvo zvisingakurumidzi kuoneka kubva kumadhayagiramu ekuyerera kwemaitiro.
Alloy Sarudzo yeChloride, Sulfide uye Melten Munyu Nzvimbo
Zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinodzivirira corrosion zvinobata zvakasiyana zvakanyanya kana zvakafumurwa kune dzakanangana midhiya yehasha, uye hapana alloy yepasirese inoshanda kune yega yega inopisa-tembiricha mamiriro:
- Munzvimbo dzine sarufa yakakwira, yakajairika mumafuta anorema-anopisa mafuta, akajairwa mazana matatu-akatevedzana masimbi anotambura nekukurumidza sulfidation kurwiswa. Incoloy 825 inopa kuramba kuri nani kune ese ari maviri esarufa makomisheni uye kuderedza asidhi mamiriro patembiricha inosvika 850 ° C, kunyangwe uyu muganho uchifanira kudzikiswa pazasi 700 ° C pasi pemamiriro ekudzikisa zvakanyanya.
- Pamagadzirirwo ane yakakwira chloride concentration, sekupisa marara kana mamwe masisitimu emunyu akanyunguduka, simbi dzakajairwa dzisina simbi dzinogadzira kusagadzikana kwekupwanya. Inconel 625 inopa kupikisa kwakasimba kukurwisa kwe chloride ion padivi pesimba repamusoro-tembiricha remagetsi, neyakajairwa inoenderera sevhisi tembiricha ye980 ° C kusvika 1100 ° C, iyo inochinja zvichienderana nechaiyo alloy kuumbwa uye yakatenderedza mamiriro.
- Mumamiriro ekunze ane carburizing akasimba kana nitriding, kunyangwe alloys akakwira-nickel anogona kushatisa nekufamba kwenguva. Muzviitiko izvi, dense alumina kana silicon carbide yekudzivirira chubhu kazhinji inopa hupenyu hurefu hwesevhisi kupfuura chero simbi yesimbi.
Chikanganiso chinowanzoitika pano ndechekusarudza yakakwira-tembiricha alloy pasina kuongorora yakazara maitiro gasi kuumbwa.
Kunyangwe chikamu chidiki chezvikamu zvinoodza zvinoonekwa sezvisina basa pabepa zvinogona kutungamira kune kusingatarisirwe kutetepa kwechubhu uye kutadza mushure memazana akati wandei emaawa ekushanda.
Nhanho 3: Akaunti yeMechanical Stress, Abrasion uye Flow Velocity
Tembiricha uye corrosion performance chete haivimbisi hupenyu hurefu hwesevhisi.
Kumisikidzwa kwemaindasitiri kwakawanda kunofumura iyo thermocouple yekudzivirira chubhu kune inoenderera mechani masimba anogona kupfeka kana kuputsa gungano nguva refu isati yave iyo inomisa chinhu.
Yakakwira-velocity flue gasi inotakura nhunzi dota, simende clinker guruva, kana zvicherwa zvicherwa zvinoramba zvichinyura kunze kwesimbi yekudzivirira machubhu, kunyangwe zvinhu zvacho pachazvo zvichienderana nemakemikari.
Mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, alloy yakakoshwa nemadziro kana jira rinodzivirira rekunze receramic rinogona kuwedzera hupenyu hwesevhisi zvakanyanya.
Machubhu edziviriro akaiswa akachinjika kana kutambanudza chinhambwe chakareba kuita duct duct ari pasi pekudedera uye kukotama kushushikana.
Pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu aya, chubhu yakatetepa-yakakwirira-nickel alloy inogona kukotama kana kutyoka, kunyangwe patembiricha iri pazasi pemuganho wakayerwa.
Kune aya maapplication anodiwa nemuchina, kusarudza tembiricha yakadzikira-yakayerwa asi yakakwirira dhizaini simba rinowanzo konzera kuisirwa kwese kwakavimbika.
Nhanho 4: Balance Thermal Response Time uye Structural Strong
Iyo yakakora, ine michina yakasimba yekudzivirira chubhu inononoka kumhanyisa iyo yemukati thermocouple inogona kuona shanduko mukupisa kwekuita.
Izvi zvinogadzira tradeoff yakakosha iyo mainjiniya mazhinji anotarisa panguva yekusarudza.
Kana yako yekudzora sisitimu ichitsamira pakukurumidza, ine simba tembiricha mhinduro kugadzirisa kupisa, chiyero chekudya, kana kuchengetedza kuvharika, inorema gobvu-yakavezwa yekudzivirira chubhu inogona kuunza yakaringana kuyerwa lag kushatisa maitiro ekudzora maitiro.
Mutemo wakajairwa wegumbo ndewekuti kupeta kaviri kukora kwemadziro echubhu yekudzivirira inopeta kaviri nguva yekupisa yegungano.
Kumaapplication akakosha kupindura nekukurumidza, unogona kusarudza chubhu yakaonda-yemadziro alloy ine simba rakakwana, kana kushandisa mineral-insulated compact thermocouple assembly ine dhayamita diki rekunze.
Chinangwa hachisi chekuwedzera simba pamutengo wekuyerwa kwekuita, kana kuderedza kukora kwemadziro zvekuti chubhu inoputika mushure memavhiki mashoma ekushanda.
Kune matatu eanowanzo kuisirwa mamiriro, unogona kushandisa aya anokurumidza mareferenzi nhungamiro:
- Kupinzwa kwakareba kwakachinjika mumadhakisi akakura, sarudza ukobvu hwemadziro 2.5mm kuti urambe kukotama pasi pekuzunguzika.
- Kune yakakwirira-velocity guruva-yakaremerwa flue gasi, sarudza 3mm kana yakakura madziro ukobvu kuti uwedzere hupenyu hweabrasion.
- Kuti ugare uchitonhora-kusvika-kupisa kupisa bhasikoro, dzivirira yakanyanya kutetepa-madziro madhizaini anogona kukurumidza kupera kupera simba.
Zvakajairwa Sarudzo Zvikanganiso Zvekudzivisa muIndasitiri Zvishandiso
Kunyangwe zvikwata zvine ruzivo zvinogara zvichidzokorora zvikanganiso zvakafanana zvinodzivirirwa kana uchitsanangura thermocouple kudzivirira machubhu:
- Kusarudza zvinhu zvinoenderana chete nepamusoro petembiricha tembiricha, uchiregeredza iyo inoenderera yekushanda basa kutenderera → Kurumidza kutarisa: simbisa 30-mazuva avhareji tembiricha yekushanda.
- Kufungidzira alloy yepamusoro-tembiricha inongoerekana yaramba marudzi ese emakemikari corrosion → Kurumidza kutarisa: ongorora yakazara maitiro gasi kuumbwa.
- Kutarisa njodzi yekuvhunduka kana uchichinja pakati pekutonhora kwekutanga uye yakazara tembiricha yekushanda → Kurumidza kutarisa: kuverenga yakajairika tembiricha kutenderera pasvondo
- Kusarudza diki diki rekunze dhayamita kuti uvandudze nguva yekupindura, pasina accounting yeabrasion uye vibration mudhiraivha → Kurumidza kutarisa: simbisa kuyerera kwekufamba uye kurodha huruva.
Kutora mamwe maminetsi gumi nemashanu kuyambuka-referensi mamiriro ese ekushanda achipokana nezvivakwa zvezvinhu usati wapedza zvakatemwa zvinogona kudzivirira mavhiki ekugadzirisa zvisina kurongwa uye kurasikirwa kwekugadzirwa gare gare.
Yakakurudzirwa Material Comparison Table
| Material Giredhi | Maximum Continuous Temperature | Primary Corrosion Strength | Typical Industrial Application | Key Limitation |
| 316 Stainless Simbi | 600°C | General atmospheric corrosion | Yakaderera-tembiricha flue gasi, yakajairwa maovheni emaindasitiri | Kusashanda zvakanaka kuri pamusoro pe600°C |
| Icoloy 800 | 1100°C | Steam, mild carburization | Boiler zvitoro, kupisa kupisa mavira | Kuramba kushoma kune yakasimba chlorides |
| Inconel 600 | 1150°C | Oxidation, thermal cycling | Batch kupisa kurapwa, yakakwirira-tembiricha ovheni | Inotapukira kune yakanyanya sulfidation |
| Inconel 625 | 980°C–1100°C | Chloride, kuderedza acids | Kupisa tsvina, maitiro emunyu akanyunguduka | Kudhura kwezvinhu zvepamusoro |
| Ikoroy 825 | 850°C (700°C max pasi pekudzikiswa kwakasimba) | Sulfid, dilute asidhi | Heavy oil-fired furnace flue gasi | Kwete yekushandiswa kwenguva refu pamusoro pe900 ° C |
| High-kuchena Alumina | 1600°C | Simbi yakanyungudutswa, corrosives yakasimba | Simbi yakanyungudutswa, hovhoni dzinopisa kwazvo | Brittle, inonzwa kuvhunduka kwekushisa |
Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa
Ini ndinogona kushandisa imwechete yekudzivirira chubhu zvinhu kune ese ari maviri tembiricha yakakwira uye inorema corrosion?
Iko hakuna chinhu chimwe chete chinoita zvakakwana kune ese musanganiswa wekupisa kwakanyanya uye kukora kwakanyanya.
Nekuda kwemamiriro akasanganiswa anodiwa zvakanyanya, zvivakwa zvakawanda zvinoshandisa dhizaini ine dhizaini inosanganisa yakakwira-tembiricha alloy yemukati liner ine corrosion-resistant kana abrasion-resistant yekunze layer, pane kuedza kumanikidza chinhu chimwe chete kuvhara zvese zvinodiwa.
Ukobvu hwemadziro hunokanganisa sei hupenyu hwesevhisi uye tembiricha yekupindura kweiyo thermocouple yekudzivirira chubhu?
Kuwedzera kukora kwemadziro kunonatsiridza simba remagetsi uye kunowedzera hupenyu hwesevhisi munzvimbo dzinoshungurudza, asi zvakare inowedzera kupisa kwehuremu hwechubhu.
Izvi zvinodzikira tembiricha yekupindura, zvichireva kuti thermocouple inotora nguva yakareba kuratidza shanduko nekukurumidza mukupisa tembiricha.
Kune akawanda akajairwa maindasitiri ekushandisa, kukora kwemadziro pakati pe1.5mm ne3mm kunopa chiyero chinonzwisisika pakati pekusimba uye kuyerwa kuita.
Ndeipi yakajairika sevhisi hupenyu hweindasitiri thermocouple yekudzivirira chubhu pasi pezvakajairwa mamiriro ekushanda?
Pasi pemamiriro akagadzikana, asina-abrasive, asina-corrosive, yakanyatsosarudzwa alloy protection tube inogona kuunza 1 kusvika kumakore matatu ekuenderera mberi kwebasa.
Mumatanho ekupisa kana kupisa zvakanyanya, hupenyu hwesevhisi hunotarisirwa hunogona kudzikira kusvika kumwedzi mitatu kusvika kumitanhatu.
Nzira yakavimbika yekufungidzira hupenyu chaihwo hwesevhisi ndeyekutarisa nhoroondo yekuita data kubva kune yakafanana kumisikidzwa mune yako chaiyo indasitiri, pane kungovimba negeneric mugadziri wedatabase.
