Isishwankathelo: Isikhokelo sobuchwephesha kwi-Inconel 718 yokuphosa imingeni yotyalo-mali, kubandakanywa ukuqhekeka okushushu kunye nomatshini, kunye nokuba yintoni abathengi abafanele bayijonge kumthengisi.
I-Inconel 718 yenye yezona zinto zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-nickel-based superalloys. Igcina amandla aphezulu, ukuxhathisa, kunye nobomi bokudinwa kumaqondo obushushu ukuya kutsho malunga nama-700°C.
Ezi zakhiwo zenza ukuba kube lukhetho oluqhelekileyo kumacandelo enjini ye-aerospace, iiinjini zegesi, kunye nezixhobo ze-oyile negesi.
Nangona kunjalo, iimpawu ezifanayo ezenza ukuba i-Inconel 718 inqweneleke ikwabangela ukuba kube nzima ukuphosa kunye nomatshini.
Xa kufunwa Inconel 718 yokwenziwa kotyalo mali Amacandelo, abathengi bahlala befumanisa ukuba ayizizo zonke izixhobo ezinokuzisa isandi.
Ukuqonda iingcambu ze-metallurgical kobu bunzima luncedo ngakumbi kunokucela nje uluhlu lwezatifikethi.
Izatifikethi zibonisa ukuba isibonelelo siphumelele uphicotho, hayi ukuba ulawulo lwenkqubo lunakho ukulawula le ngxubevange ethile.
Kutheni i-Inconel 718 icela umngeni kuTyalo-mali lokuCasa
Ukufakwa kotyalo-mali kuyilungele kakuhle i-Inconel 718 kuba inokuvelisa iimilo ezintsonkothileyo, ezikufutshane kunye nokunciphisa inani le-superalloy ebiza kakhulu esuswe ngomatshini.
Kodwa inkqubo yokuqina ehambelana nokuphosa yazisa imingcipheko emibini ephambili.
Umngcipheko wokuqhekeka okushushu (Isigaba seLaves)
I-Inconel 718 iqulethe i-niobium (Nb). Ngexesha lokugqibela lokuqiniswa, i-liquid eseleyo iyancipha kwi-Nb, i-silicon, kunye nezinye izinto, ukukhuthaza ukubunjwa kwesigaba seLaves.
Uphando lubonisa ukuba namanqanaba esigaba seLaves ashiyekileyo asezantsi njenge-0.14-0.35 wt% anokuba yingozi kwi-ductility eshushu kunye neempawu zokuqhawula uxinzelelo.
Ubukho besigaba seLaves kwandisa uluhlu olusebenzayo lokukhenkceza, lushiya imimandla ye-interdendritic ngaphandle kwe-ductility eyaneleyo ukulungiselela i-contraction strains emva kwexesha lokuqiniswa.
Phantsi kweemeko zoxinzelelo lobushushu, oku kukhokelela ekukrazukeni okushushu.
Izinga lokupholisa liyinguqu ephambili yokulawula isigaba seLaves. Ukupholisa okucothayo kuvumela ukwahlula ngakumbi kwe-niobium kwaye kwandisa amathuba okugcina i-Laves eseleyo kwisigaba sobushushu begumbi; ukupholisa ngokukhawuleza kunokucinezela ngokuyinxenye ukwakheka kwayo.
Ngenxa yoko, ukukwazi kwe-Foundry ukulawula ubushushu beqokobhe, ubushushu obuthululwayo, kunye neeshedyuli zokupholisa zilawula ngokuthe ngqo impumelelo yayo ekuthinteleni iintanda ezishushu.
Ukuncipha kunye nePosity yangaphakathi
Ukuziphatha kwe-shrinkage ye-Inconel 718 inovakalelo kakhulu kwifestile yenkqubo. Uphononongo lokulinganisa kwi-blade ye-iturbine blade lubonisa ukuba xa ixesha lokuhlala lokungunda linyuka ukusuka kwi-0 s ukuya kwi-420 s, ubushushu beqokobhe lehla ukusuka kwi-1000 ° C ukuya kuma-860 ° C, kwaye umthamo wokucutheka uwonke kunye nokunyuka rhoqo ngokuhambelanayo.
Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba ulawulo lwe-thermal phambi kokuthululelwa luphambuka kwifestile eyilwe, i-porosity yangaphakathi iya kwanda kakhulu.
I-porosity yangaphakathi kwi-Inconel 718 castings ayisiyonto inqabileyo kodwa yimowudi yokusilela okubangelwa kulawulo lwenkqubo olunganelanga.
Kwiindawo ezithwala umthwalo okanye ukukhathala-ezibalulekileyo, nasemva kwe-Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP), i-micro-shrinkage isenokunciphisa ubomi bokudinwa.
Ke ngoko, umngcipheko wokucutheka kufuneka ujongwe kuyilo lwenkqubo yokungena kunye nezigaba zokulinganisa ukuqina.
Imiceli mngeni yokuLahla: Umatshini we-Inconel 718
Nokuba ukuphoswa kwesandi kusazisa ubunzima obubalulekileyo bomatshini. I-Inconel 718 ine-conductivity ephantsi ye-thermal, igxininise ubushushu bokusika kufuphi nomda wesixhobo, ngelixa isakhiwo sayo se-austenitic sibangela ukuqina komsebenzi ngokukhawuleza phantsi koxinzelelo lokusika.
Lo msebenzi owenziwe nzima ukhawuleza ukugqoka i-flank, ukudala umjikelo apho ukusika kwenza izinto zibe nzima, ezithi zinxibe isixhobo ngokukhawuleza.
Ukusika iiparitha, izixhobo ze-carbide ezingafakwanga zisebenza kakuhle kwi-10-30 m / min range; kwizantya ezingaphezulu kwe-40 m / min, ii-carbide ezifakwe kwi-coated zifanelekile ngakumbi.
Olu luhlu lwesantya lusezantsi kakhulu kuneeparameters eziqhelekileyo ze-aluminium okanye intsimbi eqhelekileyo, oku kuthetha ukuba ixesha lomatshini kunye neendleko zezixhobo ze-Inconel 718 ziphezulu ngokwendalo.
Ngokwembono yokuthengwa kwempahla, oku kuphakamisa inqaku elibalulekileyo lovandlakanyo lomthengisi: abaseki abanobuchule bokwenza oomatshini bangaphakathi ngokwesiqhelo baneadvanteji ngaphezu kwezo ziphosa kunye nomatshini wangaphandle.
I-Inconel 718 yokuziphatha yokuqina komsebenzi ifuna ukulungelelaniswa kweeparamitha zokusika, iindlela zesixhobo, kunye nokuqina kokulungisa.
Ukuba i-Foundry ilawula ukunyamezelwa kokuphosa kunye nezibonelelo ze-machining, inokucacisa iimeko ezifanelekileyo ngakumbi ngexesha lokuphosa, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokunxitywa kwesixhobo esingaqhelekanga okanye umonakalo womphezulu wengqibelelo obangelwa zizibonelelo ezingafanelekanga.
Uyivavanya njani i-Inconel 718 Foundry
Xa uvavanya ababoneleli nge-Inconel 718 castings, iziqinisekiso zingumda, hayi imeko eyaneleyo.
Ezi zakhono zilandelayo zibonakalisa ngakumbi ukuba ingaba isibonelelo siyayilawula ngokwenene le ngxubevange.
1. Ukunyibilika kunye nokuGalela uLawulo lwe-Atmosphere. I-Inconel 718 inomdla kwi-oksijeni, i-nitrogen, kunye ne-hydrogen, efuna ukukhuselwa okufanelekileyo ngexesha lokunyibilika nokuthulula.
I-Vacuum Induction Melting (VIM) inokunciphisa i-oxidation kunye ne-gas pickup apho isebenzayo, kodwa ayizizo zonke i-Inconel 718 castings ezifuna i-VIM. Indlela yenkqubo kufuneka iqinisekiswe ngokuchasene nenxalenye yemigaqo kunye nemigangatho esebenzayo.
2. Ulawulo loNyango lokutshisa. Ubulukhuni be-Inconel 718 abubonisi ukusebenza kwenkonzo yokugqibela.
Indlela yonyango yokushisa echazwe ngokuqhelekileyo kwiincwadi zeshishini iquka unyango lwesisombululo malunga ne-980 ° C elandelwa ukupholisa ngokukhawuleza, ukuguga kokuqala kwi-720 ° C kwiiyure ze-8, ukupholisa kwesithando somlilo ukuya kwi-620 ° C kwiyure yesibini ye-8 yokuguga, kunye nokupholisa umoya.
Oku kuguga kwamanqanaba amabini kwandisa γ″ isigaba sokuqinisa esinoxanduva lwamandla e-alloy.
Ukuba umboneleli akanaziko ezilawulwayo kunye neegophe ezilandelekayo zobushushu, ukugalela kunokuhlangabezana nemigangatho yobulunga besinyithi kodwa kusilele iimfuno zepropathi yoomatshini.
3. Umda woVavanyo olungaNciphisi (NDT). I-shrinkage yangaphakathi kunye nokuthambekela kokuqhekeka okushushu kwe-Inconel 718 kuthetha ukuba i-NDT ayinakuthembela ekuhloleni okubonakalayo kuphela.
I-X-ray radiography ibona ukucutha kwangaphakathi kunye nokuqhekeka, ukuhlolwa kwe-fluorescent penetrant inspection (FPI) ichonga iziphene eziqhekeza phezulu, kunye novavanyo lwe-ultrasonic lunokuncedisa kufuphi nomgangatho okanye uvavanyo lwangaphakathi.
Qinisekisa ukuba i-NDT yenziwa ngaphakathi okanye ikhutshwe ngaphandle, kwaye ingaba imigaqo yokwamkelwa ihambelana nesicelo senxalenye.
4. Ukulandelelwa kweMathiriyeli kunye neBatch Consistency. Ukubunjwa kweekhemikhali ze-Inconel 718 nganye yokushisa-ingakumbi i-Nb, i-Si, kunye ne-C yamanqanaba-kunye nembali yayo yokupholisa ichaphazela ukuthambekela kokubunjwa kwesigaba seLaves.
Ukufuna iirekhodi zokunyibilika kweqondo lokushisa, iilogi zokunyanga ukushisa, kunye neengxelo ze-NDT yindlela echanekileyo yokuhlola ukuba ngaba inkqubo yokulawula inkqubo yomthengisi icwangcisiwe.
5. Ukudityaniswa kwe-Casting-to-Machining. Njengoko kuphawuliwe, ukuqina komsebenzi we-Inconel 718 kwenza ujongano phakathi kokuphosa kunye noomatshini babaluleke kakhulu.
Ukuba umboneleli unokulawula ukuhamba komsebenzi wonke endlwini, ulungelelwaniso lolwabelo lonyamezelo, uyilo lwesibonelelo, kunye nezicwangciso zokulungisa iziphene ngokuqhelekileyo lusebenza ngakumbi.
Ngemizekelo yobuchwephesha bokukwazi ukwenza ii-alloys ezinzima, unokuphonononga amandla ethu.
Ukuqwalaselwa kwesicelo
I-Inconel 718 yokusatshalaliswa kotyalo-mali ngokwesiqhelo iwela kwiindidi ezimbini zezicelo.
Injini ye-aerospace kunye ne-injini yegesi amacandelo ezakhiwo zecandelo elishushu (ezifana ne-casings, i-flanges enyukayo, kunye nezibiyeli) zifuna ukusebenza komjikelo wokudinwa okuphezulu, kunye nokunyamezela okuphantsi kakhulu kwi-porosity yangaphakathi kunye nemiba yokunyaniseka komphezulu.
Ioyile, igesi, kunye nezixhobo zamandla Amalungu afana nemizimba yevalvu, iinxalenye zempompo, kunye namalungu entloko ye-wellhead agxininise ngakumbi ekuxhathiseni ukubola kunye noxinzelelo lwemfezeko, apho ifestile yokunyamezela isiphene kwiindawo ezishushu-zokuqhekeka kodwa ezingadinwa-zibaluleke kakhulu zinokuba banzi.
Oku akuthethi ukuba isicelo esinye "kulula" ukuphosa. Kuthetha ukuba ugxininiso lovavanyo lomthengisi kufuneka lutshintshe kunye nokusetyenziswa kokuphela kwenxalenye.
I-Foundry enerekhodi yonikezelo engaguqukiyo kwi-casts yesakhiwo esingabalulekanga isenokungabinayo inkqubo yolawulo kunye nenkqubo yamaxwebhu afunekayo kwi-aerospace-grade ye-Inconel 718.
Ukucacisa isicelo sokugqibela senxalenye kunye nemigangatho esebenzayo ngexesha le-RFQ inceda umboneleli ukuba abone ukuba amandla enkqubo yakhe ayahambelana na, ukuphepha ukufunyanwa kweendlela zokwamkelwa ezingafanelekanga kuphela emva kokuvela kwengxabano yomgangatho.
