Kakaretso: Tataiso ena e bapisa Inconel, Incoloy, Hastelloy le Monel nickel alloys, e koahelang meeli ea mocheso, ho hanyetsa kutu, ho lahla le machina bakeng sa khetho ea karolo ea liindasteri.
Tataiso ena e akaretsa limaraka tsa nickel alloy tse sebelisoang haholo ho kenyelletsa Inconel, Incoloy, Hastelloy le Monel, e nang le lintlha tse sebetsang mabapi le meeli ea mocheso, ho hanyetsa kutu, ho lahlela le machinability ho ts'ehetsa khetho ea lisebelisoa tsa lisebelisoa tsa indasteri.
Likarolo tsa alloy tse thehiloeng ho nickel li sebetsa ho feta tšepe e sa hloekang e tloaelehileng le tšepe ea k'habone ha lisebelisoa li shebane le mocheso o phahameng, maro a matla a senyang, kapa ho kenngoe ka mochini le lik'hemik'hale.
Likarolo tse peli tsa nickel alloy le likheo tse entsoeng ka mochini oa nickel li fana ka mesebetsi ea bohlokoa liindastering tse boima tsa tšebetso.
Kenyelletso ea Likarolo tsa Alloy tsa Nickel
Li-alloys tse thehiloeng ho nickel ke lisebelisoa tsa tšepe tse nang le nickel e le eona ntho ea mantlha ea matrix, e kopantsoeng le chromium, molybdenum, tšepe, koporo le likarolo tse ling ho hlophisa thepa ea mochini le ea kutu.
Molemo oa bona o moholo ke ts'ebetso e tsitsitseng tlas'a khatello ea kelello e kopantsoeng e senyang litšepe tse tloaelehileng: mocheso o phahameng oa mocheso, oxidation, pitting, crevice corrosion le ho hlaseloa ke mecha ea litaba e nang le acidic kapa chloride.
Phapang ea bohlokoa e arola likarolo tsa alloy ea nickel le likarolo tsa alloy ea nickel.
Mefuta e fapaneng e entsoe kapa e phuthoa ebe CNC e entsoe ka mochini, e fanang ka taolo e matla ea lijo-thollo le matla a phahameng a ho tsitsa bakeng sa meralo e boima haholo.
Likarolo tsa alloy ea cast nickel, tse hlahisoang ka ho etsa matsete, li sutu lijeometri tse rarahaneng joalo ka li-valve trim, li-nozzles le liphahlo tse kentsoeng ka tloaelo moo sebopeho se haufi le marang-rang se fokotsang mosebetsi o felletseng oa machining.
Hoa thusa ho khetholla lisebelisoa tsena ho tsoa ho likarolo tsa alloy tsa Stellite.
Le hoja li-alloys tsa Stellite cobalt li ipabola ho apara ka mokhoa o senyang, cavitation le tšebeletso ea hardfacing, li-alloys tsa nickel li khethiloe haholo-holo bakeng sa ho hanyetsa kutu le botšepehi bo phahameng ba mocheso.
Lelapa le leng le le leng le tlatsa sebaka se arohaneng ka likarolo tse ling.
Main Nickel Alloy Family & Grade Overview
Li-alloys tsa nickel li arotsoe ka litsamaiso tsa alloying le matla a mantlha a ts'ebetso. Malapa a mane a laola litaelo tsa likarolo tsa moetlo oa indasteri: Inconel, Incoloy, Hastelloy le Monel.
Inconel Alloy Series
Limaraka tsa Inconel ke li-alloys tsa nickel-chromium, hangata tse nang le litlatsetso tsa molybdenum, niobium kapa titanium.
Li etselitsoe ho boloka matla le khanyetso ea oxidation mochesong o phahameng.
Likarolo tse peli tse boletsoeng ka ho fetesisa tsa Inconel alloy ke Inconel 625 le Inconel 718.
Inconel 718 e sebelisa ho thatafatsa pula ho fana ka matla a phahameng a ho tsitsa le ho thella, e e etsa hore e be ea kamehla bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa karolo e chesang e tletseng.
Inconel 625 e itšetlehile ka ho matlafatsa tharollo e tiileng, e nang le khanyetso e ntle ea chloride pitting le mamello e pharalletseng ea kutu mecheng ea litaba e tsoakiloeng.
Letoto la Incoloy Alloy
Likarolo tsa inkoloy ke li-alloys tsa tšepe-nickel-chromium.
Lintho tsa tšepe li fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa thepa e tala ha li bapisoa le limaraka tse hloekileng tsa nickel tsa Inconel ha li ntse li boloka khanyetso e ntle ea ho bola ha metsi ka mocheso o itekanetseng.
Incoloy 825 ke sehlopha sa maemo a holimo sehlopheng sena.
E leka-lekanya ho hanyetsa sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid le chloride stress corrosion cracking, khetho e tloaelehileng bakeng sa lisebelisoa tse tlaase tsa lik'hemik'hale le tsa oli.
Hastelloy Alloy Series
Hastelloy ke leloko la nickel-molybdenum-chromium alloy le hahiloeng bakeng sa ho bola ho matla ha lik'hemik'hale.
Lintho tse phahameng tsa molybdenum li fa likarolo tsa Hastelloy alloy mamello e matla ho fokotsa acid, melapo ea acid e tsoakiloeng le maro a nang le chloride.
Lelapa lena ke la pele le nahanoang ka li-reactor, manifolds a fetisang le li-valve trim tse pepesehileng mecha ea litaba ea lik'hemik'hale moo tšepe e sa hloekang kapa Inconel e tloaelehileng e hlolehang ho sebetsa ka potlako.
Letoto la Monel Alloy
Li-alloys tsa monel ke li-alloys tsa nickel-copper tse nang le chromium e fokolang. Monel 400 ke mophato o tlwaelehileng haholo.
E fana ka khanyetso e ntle ho hydrofluoric acid le khoholeho ea metsi a leoatle, e nang le ductility e ntle le machining a batlang a le bonolo ha a bapisoa le limaraka tse ngata tse phahameng tsa alloy nickel.
E sebelisoa haholo ho marine, desalination le tsamaiso ea hydrofluoric acid.
| Alloy Grade | Sebopeho sa Sehlooho | Max Continuous Service Temp | Mecha ea phatlalatso e hanyetsanang | Boiketsi ba ho lahla | Bothata ba ho sebetsa | Likarolo tse Tloaelehileng tsa Spare |
| Setšoantšo sa 625 | Ni-Cr-Mo-Nb | 980°C | Media oxidizing, chloride, metsi a leoatle | E itekanetseng; tjantjello ya ho tabola ho chesang | Phahameng, mosebetsi-thata | Litiiso tsa turbine ea khase, li-nozzles tsa lik'hemik'hale, 'mele oa li-valve |
| Tlhaloso: 718 | Ni-Cr-Mo-Nb-Ti | 700°C | Moea oa mocheso o phahameng, li-corrosives tse bobebe | E lokileng; e utloang boemo ba ho pholisa | Holimo haholo; e hloka lisebelisoa tse thata | Li-disk tsa turbine, li-plug tse nang le khatello e phahameng ea khatello, li-fasteners |
| Setšoantšo sa 825 | Ni-Fe-Cr-Mo-Cu | 540°C | Asiti ea sulfuric, phosphoric acid, brine | E ntle | E itekanetseng | Li-tubesheet tsa mocheso oa mocheso, likarolo tsa li-tubing tsa oli |
| Limaraka tsa Hastelloy | Ni-Mo-Cr | 700–1090°C (ho itshetlehile ka mophato) | Li-acids tse tsoakiloeng, ho fokotsa / ho fokotsa lik'hemik'hale tsa lik'hemik'hale | E itekanetseng | Phahameng | Basebetsi ba ka hare ho li-reactor, trim valve ea lik'hemik'hale, lipoleiti tsa orifice |
| Monel 400 | Ni-Cu | 480°C | Metsi a leoatle, hydrofluoric acid, alkaline media | E ntle | E tlase-e itekanetseng | Litulo tsa li-valve tsa metsing, li-shafts tsa pompo, lisebelisoa tsa lipeipi tsa metsi a leoatle |
Tlhokomeliso: Hastelloy e akaretsa limaraka tse ngata tse fapaneng; mofuta ona oa mocheso ke tšupiso e pharaletseng. Kamehla netefatsa meeli khahlano le database bakeng sa kereiti ea hau ea Hastelloy.
Karohano ea Ts'ebetso ka Kereiti ea Nickel Alloy
Ha ho bapisoa likarolo tsa nickel alloy bakeng sa projeke, mekhahlelo e meraro ea ts'ebetso e tsamaisa liqeto tse hlakileng haholo: botsitso ba mocheso o phahameng, ho hanyetsa kutu le boits'oaro ba mochini.
Matla a mocheso o phahameng & khanyetso ea oxidation
Limaraka tse tlase li etella sehlopha sena pele. Inconel 625 e boloka botsitso ba holim'a metsi khahlanong le oxidation ho fihlela ho 980 ° C moeeng o hloekileng, ha Inconel 718 e lekanyelitsoe ho theola mocheso o sa khaotseng hobane microstructure ea eona e thata ea pula e senyeha ha mocheso o feteletseng.
Hastelloy e ka fana ka khanyetso e ntle ea mocheso o phahameng oa mocheso, empa ts'ebetso ea eona ea mochini ha e ts'oane le Inconel ts'ebeletso ea nako e telele ea mojaro o chesang.
Monel le Inkoloy ha lia etsetsoa mosebetsi o tsitsitseng oa mocheso o phahameng haholo; matla a tsona a theoha ka potlako ho feta tekanyo ea mocheso oa tsona.
Ntlha ea bohlokoa: litekanyetso tsa mocheso tse hatisitsoeng li sebetsa tšebeletsong ea moea o hloekileng.
Mouoane o senyang, sebabole kapa tikoloho ea letsoai e qhibilihisitsoeng e tla fokotsa haholo mocheso o sireletsehileng oa ts'ebetso.
Khanyetso ea kutu bakeng sa mecha ea litaba e fapaneng ea litšebeletso
Lelapa le leng le le leng la alloy le na le matla a hlakileng le matheba a foufetseng:
- Inconel: E matla khahlano le oxidation le chloride pitting, ha e na chelete e ngata bakeng sa ho fokotsa acid e ngata.
- Hastelloy: Khetho e ntle ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa asiti e tsoakiloeng le tikoloho e fokotsang lik'hemik'hale, leha e le theko e boima.
- Inkoloy 825: E boloka chelete e ngata bakeng sa ho hlapolla sulfuric le phosphoric acid, le tikoloho ea brine.
- Monel 400: E ntle haholo ka hydrofluoric acid le metsi a leoatle, ts'ebetso e mpe ho li-acid tse matla tsa oxidising joalo ka asiti ea nitric.
Liphoso tse ngata tsa litlhaloso li etsahala ha baenjiniere ba khetha motsoako oa mocheso o phahameng ntle le ho hlahloba hore na o lumellana le mokelikeli oa 'nete oa tšebetso.
Thepa ea mochine ka kamoreng le mocheso o phahameng
Inconel 718 e hlahella ka matla a chai e ngata ka mor'a lilemo tse thata, ke ka lebaka leo e sebelisetsoang likarolo tse potolohang le tse nang le khatello.
Inconel 625 e na le matla a tlase a mocheso oa kamore empa e khona ho sebetsa hantle le ho feto-fetoha ha kutu.
Monel 400 e fana ka ductility e ntle le ho hanyetsa tšusumetso, e lumellanang le likarolo tsa pompo le li-valve tse tlas'a khatello ea maikutlo.
Tlhahiso: Ho Lahlela & CNC Mechine ea likarolo tsa Nickel Alloy
Tlhahiso e ama ka kotloloho nako ea ho etella pele, litšenyehelo le boleng ba karolo ea ho qetela bakeng sa likarolo tse peli tsa nickel alloy le likheo tsa mochini oa nickel alloy.
Li-alloys tsa nickel li tsejoa ka ho pharaletseng e le lisebelisoa tse thata ho mochine, le hoja bothata bo fapana haholo ho ea ka kereiti.
Matla a li-alloys tsa nickel
Li-alloys tsa nickel tse nang le chromium e phahameng le molybdenum li na le kotsi ea ho phatloha ho chesang nakong ea ho tiisa.
Inconel 718 e na le kutloelo-bohloko haholo ho li-gradients tsa mocheso ha ho lahla.
Ho kenya chelete litsi tsa motheo li tlameha ho laola mocheso o tšolohang, mocheso oa hlobo le tatellano ea ho pholisa ho fokotsa porosity le likhapha tse chesang.
Monel 400 le Incoloy 825 li na le bokhoni bo botle ka ho fetisisa har'a sehlopha 'me li tšoarela haholoanyane bakeng sa li-castings tse thata tse nang le marako.
Hastelloy le Inconel 625 li hloka taolo e matla ea ts'ebetso 'me hangata litekanyetso tse phahameng tsa ho hana.
Litšobotsi tsa mochini le mathata a tloaelehileng
Hang ha likheo tsa tšepe li hlahisoa, boholo ba li-alloy castings tsa nickel li ntse li hloka ho phethoa ka mokhoa o nepahetseng oa CNC.
Ho sebetsa ka thata ke phephetso ea mantlha ea mochini. Mocheso oa ho khaola o haha ka potlako moeling oa sesebelisoa, o potlakisa ho apara ka mahlakoreng.
Mabenkele a sebelisa lebelo le fokolang la holim'a metsi, jiometry ea rake e ntle le phallo e ntle ea pholiso bakeng sa Inconel le Hastelloy.
Mechini ea Monel 400 e bonolo haholo, e leng lebaka le leng la hore e tumme bakeng sa likarolo tsa metsi a leoatle a tloaelehileng.
Inconel 718 ke eona e hlokang ka ho fetisisa; lithupelo tse ngata li sebelisa lithulusi tsa ceramic kapa tse koahetsoeng ka carbide le litefiso tse tlase tsa phepelo ho qoba likarolo tse thata tsa holim'a mosebetsi.
Post-processing: phekolo ea mocheso, khatello ea kelello, tlhahlobo ea NDT
Litlhoko tsa phekolo ea mocheso li fapane haholo: Inconel 718 e hloka ho thatafalloa ke lilemo ho bula matla a eona a tlhōrō, ha Inconel 625 le Hastelloy li atisa ho fanoa ka boemo ba tharollo.
Ho imolla khatello ea maikutlo ke ntho e tloaelehileng bakeng sa likarolo tsa alloy tsa nickel tse entsoeng ka mochini ho fokotsa khatello ea maikutlo le ho khopama.
Likarolo tsa lits'ebeletso tsa bohlokoa hangata li hloka tlhahlobo ea NDT ho kenyelletsa tlhahlobo ea ho kenella, tlhahlobo ea radiographic kapa tlhahlobo ea ultrasonic, ho latela litlhaloso tsa indasteri bakeng sa oli le khase, matla kapa ts'ebeliso ea sefofane.
Likopo tse Tloaelehileng tsa Indasteri le Mehlala ea Karolo ea Spare
E 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea limmapa tsa malapa a nickel alloy ho ea ho lihlopha tsa indasteri tse hlalosoang ke maemo a ts'ebetso.
Lisebelisoa tsa oli le khase le petrochemical
Sekhahla sa valve ea oli le khase, likarolo tsa khama, lisebelisoa tsa hantle le karohano ea ka hare hangata sebelisa Inconel 625, Inkoloy 825 le limaraka tsa Hastelloy.
Li-alloys tsena li hanela brine e bolila, carbon dioxide le hydrogen sulfide corrosion tse hlaselang tšepe e sa hloekang e tloaelehileng.
Ho hlahisa matla (turbine ea khase, likarolo tsa boiler)
Litiiso tsa tsela ea khase e chesang ea turbine, li-combustor hardware le likarolo tsa li-valve tsa turbine bypass valve hangata li bolela likarolo tsa alloy tsa Inconel bakeng sa ho hema le ho hanyetsa oxidation tlas'a ts'ebetso ea cyclic e phahameng ea mocheso.
Lisebelisoa tsa lik'hemik'hale le lisebelisoa tse mahareng tsa acidic
Hastelloy ke khetho ea mantlha bakeng sa li-reactor tsa lik'hemik'hale, li-nozzles tse kopanyang, trim ea li-valve tsa taolo le mefuta e mengata ea phetisetso e pepesitsoeng ho acid e tsoakiloeng, chloride le media oxidising.
Tšebeletso ea metsing, ea ho ntša letsoai le metsi a leoatle
Monel 400 e sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa li-valve tsa metsi a leoatle, likarolo tsa pompo le li-fasteners.
E mamella ho bola ho tšoanang ha metsi a leoatle ho feta limaraka tse ngata tse tloaelehileng tse sa hloekang, leha e sa sireletseha ho kutu e susumetsoang ke likokoana-hloko tlas'a maemo a tsitsitseng.
Aerospace & thepa ea ho lokisa mocheso
Lisebelisoa tsa Aerospace li itšetlehile haholo ka Inconel 718 bakeng sa turbine le likarolo tsa sebopeho.
Lisebelisoa tsena li hloka ho lateloa ha thepa ka botlalo, litlaleho tsa liteko tse netefalitsoeng le potoloho ea kalafo ea mocheso e laoloang ka thata.
Tataiso ea Khetho ea Kereiti ea Nickel Alloy bakeng sa Bareki le Baenjiniere
Ho khetha kereiti e nepahetseng ea alloy ea nickel ho hloka ho leka-lekanya mefuta e mene ea mantlha: mocheso oa ts'ebetso, mokhoa oa tšebetso, mojaro oa mochini le litšenyehelo tsohle tsa beng.
Mekhoa ea khetho ea mantlha: mocheso, bohareng, mojaro, tekanyetso
Qala ka ho ngola mocheso o sa khaotseng oa ts'ebetso, mocheso o phahameng, k'hemistri ea mokelikeli, pH, mahloriso a chloride le hore na tikoloho ea oxidising kapa ea fokotseha.
Ka mor'a moo, hlalosa litlhoko tsa mochini tse kang static load, mokhathala oa cyclic, khatello le ho roala.
Haeba mocheso o le holimo 'me ho laeloa ho le bohlokoa, hangata Inconel ke sebaka sa ho qala.
Haeba kotsi e kholo ke kutu ea acid e concentrated, hlahloba Hastelloy.
Bakeng sa tšebeletso ea metsi a leoatle kapa HF, Monel 400 hangata e loketse.
Bakeng sa kutu e itekanetseng ka khatello ea tekanyetso, Inkoloy 825 ke mokhethoa ea matla.
Tloaelo ea maemo a tloaelehileng a ho etsa le ho se etseng
Se ke oa fapanyetsana limaraka ho latela theko feela. Alloy e theko e tlase e hlolehang pele ho nako e baka ho koala le litšenyehelo tse phahameng haholo.
- Se ke oa nkela Hastelloy sebaka ka Inkoloy bakeng sa melapo e fokolang ea acid.
- Se ke oa khetha Monel bakeng sa asiti ea nitric kapa tikoloho e nang le oxidizing e matla.
- Inconel 625 ha se phetisetso e tobileng ea Inconel 718 e thatafalitsoeng ka lilemo ha ho hlokahala matla a phahameng a ho tsitsa.
Thekiso ea thekiso: Ts'ebetso khahlano le thepa le litšenyehelo tsa mochini
Hastelloy le Inconel 718 li laela litšenyehelo tse phahameng ka ho fetisisa tsa thepa le machining.
Monel le Incoloy ba fana ka sebaka sa ho kena ka theko e tlase ha enfelopo ea bona ea ts'ebetso e ts'oana le tikoloho ea ts'ebetso.
Bareki ba bangata ba boetse ba lekola hore na likoahelo tse koaheletsoeng li ka fihlela litlhoko ho fapana le karolo e tiileng ea nickel alloy.
Lipotso Tse Botsoang Khafetsa
Phapano ke efe lipakeng tsa Inconel le Hastelloy?
Inconel e ntlafalitsoe bakeng sa matla a mocheso o phahameng le ho hanyetsa oxidation. Hastelloy e etelletsa pele khanyetso ho li-acid tse tsoakiloeng tse mabifi le ho fokotsa mecha ea litaba e senyang.
Hastelloy ka kakaretso e feta Inconel ka ts'ebeletso e matla ea lik'hemik'hale, ha Inconel e ratoa bakeng sa likarolo tse chesang tsa sebopeho.
Na Inconel 718 e bonolo ho e sebelisa ho feta Inconel 625?
No. Inconel 718 e na le fensetere e tšesaane ea ho akhela le ho ba le monyetla o moholo oa ho phatloha ho chesang, e hlokang taolo e thata ea tšebetso ha e bapisoa le Inconel 625.
Hangata li-Foundries li eketsa botenya ba lebota kapa li sebelisa meralo e ntlafalitsoeng ea liheke ho fokotsa litefiso tsa ho hana bakeng sa li-casting tsa Inconel 718.
Na Monel 400 e ka sebelisoa bakeng sa ts'ebeletso ea hydrochloric acid?
Monel 400 e sebetsa hantle ho hlapolla, e se nang moea hydrofluoric acid. Ts'ebetso ea eona ka hydrochloric acid e itšetlehile haholo ka mahloriso, mocheso le moea; oksijene e qhibilihisitsoeng le litšila tse nang le oxidising li potlakisa ho bola ka potlako.
Phapano ke efe lipakeng tsa likarolo tsa alloy ea nickel e entsoeng le e entsoeng?
Likarolo tse entsoeng ka nickel alloy li qala ho tsoa ho setoko se entsoeng kapa se rokoetsoeng 'me se entsoe ka mochini oa CNC, se fana ka matla a holimo, a tsitsitseng haholoanyane.
Likarolo tsa "cast nickel alloy" li entsoe ka ho lahla, tse loketseng lijeometri tse rarahaneng 'me hangata li theko e tlase bakeng sa meralo e rarahaneng ea likarolo tse ling.
