Isifinyezo: Ukuqhathanisa okungokoqobo kwe-Stellite 6 kanye ne-Stellite 21, echaza ukuthi okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kanye ne-tungsten-versus-molybdenum kubuqhuba kanjani uhwebo nobulukhuni.
I-Stellite 6 ne-Stellite 21 yizingxube ezimbili zokugqoka ezisekelwe ku-cobalt ezivame ukuqhathaniswa nezinye. Okuzenzakalelayo okuvamile ukucacisa i-Stellite 6 noma nini lapho kunokungaqiniseki. Lowo mkhuba unesisekelo esinengqondo: I-Stellite 6 inomlando omude wohlelo lokusebenza, ukuziphatha okubhalwe kahle, kanye nolwazi oluvuthiwe lokucubungula. Kodwa ezimweni ezimbili okuzenzakalelayo kungaletha ingozi engadingekile: lapho ingxenye ibona ukuhamba ngebhayisikili okusheshayo noma ukushaqeka okushisayo, futhi lapho ingxenye inezindonga ezincane noma izinguquko zesigaba esiphuthumayo.
I-Stellite 21 ikhona ikakhulukazi ukubhekana nomkhawulo wokuqina we-Stellite 6 kulezo zimo. Ukuqonda ukuhwebelana phakathi kwalokhu okubili kusiza kakhulu kunokukhumbula ukuthi iyiphi “engcono.”
Umehluko wokuqamba uqhuba ukuhlukana kokusebenza
Igebe lokusebenza phakathi kwalawa ma-alloys lehlela ekukhethweni okubili kokuqamba.
Okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni. I-Stellite 6 inezinga lekhabhoni eliphakeme kakhulu. Ngaphansi kwe-SAE AMS 5387, ukulingisa kwe-Stellite 6 kunokwakheka kwegama okungu-60Co-29Cr-4.5W, okunekhabhoni ngokuvamile ebangeni elingu-0.9–1.4% lemikhiqizo yabalingisi. Ikhabhoni eyengeziwe isho imvula eqinile ye-carbide, ephakamisa ngokuqondile ubulukhuni nokumelana nokugqoka. I-Stellite 21 inekhabhoni ephansi kakhulu, enokwakheka okulinganiselwe kwe-C ~0.25%, i-Cr 25-30%, i-Mo 4.5-6.5%, i-Ni 1.5-3.5%, ibhalansi ye-Co. I-carbon ephansi isho ingxenye encane yevolumu ye-carbide kanye ne-microstructure elawulwa yi-cobalt solid-solution matrix.
I-Tungsten ngokumelene ne-molybdenum. I-Stellite 6 isebenzisa i-tungsten (W) njengesiqinisekisi sayo esiqinile esinesixazululo; I-Stellite 21 ithatha indawo enkulu yaleyo tungsten nge-molybdenum (Mo). I-Molybdenum cishe iyingxenye yesisindo se-athomu se-tungsten, ngakho-ke ngephesenti lesisindo esifanayo inikela cishe ama-athomu amaningi ngokuphindwe kabili. I-Molybdenum nayo inobudlelwane obuqinile bekhabhoni futhi ijwayele ukukhuthaza ukwakheka kwe-carbide. Ku-Stellite 21, nokho, izinga eliphansi lekhabhoni liyawukhawulela lowo mphumela, futhi umphumela unengqikithi ephansi kakhulu yengqikithi ye-carbide kune-Stellite 6.
Ngokuhlangene, le mehluko emibili ikhiqiza amaphrofayili amabili ahlukene wokusebenza.
I-Stellite 6: ukuminyana kwe-carbide ngokushintshanisa ukumelana nokugqoka
I-microstructure ye-Stellite 6 iqukethe i-cobalt-based solid-solution matrix enokusabalalisa okuminyene kwezinhlayiya ze-carbide eqinile. Lesi sakhiwo senza kahle ngaphansi kokugqoka kwe-abrasive.
Lapho ingena khona. Ubuso bokuvalwa kwevalvu, imikhono yepompo, izinto zokubamba ezinodaka, nezingxenye ezijwayelekile zokugqokwa ngaphansi komthelela omaphakathi kuyizinhlelo ezijwayelekile ze-Stellite 6. Ubulukhuni bayo buvamise ukuwela ebangeni le-Rockwell C 37–45, kuye ngesimo sokuphonsa kanye nokwelashwa okushisayo okulandelayo, okwanele ezinkingeni eziningi zokugqokwa kwe-abrasive. Ezindaweni ezinezinga lokushisa eliphezulu eline-oxidizing, i-Stellite 6 iphinde yakha isendlalelo se-oxide esivikelayo esisekelwe ikakhulukazi ku-Cr₂O₃ ne-CoCr₂O₄, enezinga le-oxidation eliphansi kune-Stellite 21.
Lapho imikhawulo ibonakala khona. Ukuminyana kwe-carbide kunomphumela oseceleni: ngaphansi kokuhamba ngebhayisikili okushisayo okusheshayo noma ukushaqeka okushisayo okusendaweni, umehluko wokunwebeka okushisayo phakathi kwe-carbides ne-matrix ungaba indawo yokuqalisa ukuqhekeka. Ezingxenyeni ezinengxenye encane, okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni ephezulu kanye ne-carbide nakho kungaphakamisa ubungozi bokuqhekeka ngesikhathi sokusakazwa nomshini. Lokhu akusho ukuthi i-Stellite 6 ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa kulezi zimo, kodwa uma ukukhathala okushisayo kuyimodi yokwehluleka okuvelele, enye indlela kufanele ihlolwe ngokucophelela.
I-Stellite 21: okuqukethwe kwe-carbide ephansi ngokushintshanisa ukuqina nokumelana nokukhathala okushisayo
I-Stellite 21 ilandela umqondo womklamo ohlukile. Okuqukethwe kwayo kwekhabhoni ephansi kanye nokwengezwa kwe-molybdenum kunciphisa kakhulu ingxenye yevolumu ye-carbide, kushiya i-cobalt solid-solution matrix njengesigaba esithwala ukusebenza komshini.
Umphumela oqondile: ubulukhuni bezinga lokushisa legumbi kanye nokumelana nokugqokwa kwe-abrasive okumsulwa kuphansi kune-Stellite 6, kodwa ukuqina, ukumelana nokushaqeka okushisayo, nokumelana nokukhathala okushisayo kungcono. Ukuqina kwe-As-cast ngokuvamile kubikwa ku-HRC 30s ephansi kuya maphakathi, ngaphansi kwaleyo ye-Stellite 6 (amanani ngqo ancike efomini lomkhiqizo nesimo sokuhlola — qinisekisa ngokumelene nedatha yomhlinzeki ngaphambi kokucacisa). Inzuzo yayo ayiwona ama-abrasive agqoke ngaphandle kodwa igcina ubuqotho besakhiwo ngaphansi kokuhamba ngebhayisikili okushisayo.
Lapho ingena khona. I-Stellite 21 isetshenziswe kuma- turbine blades, ama-valve asebenza ngokushisayo, izixhumi ezinokushisa okuphezulu, nezimbondela zokushisela ezidinga ukuvimbela ukungezwani kokwanda okushisayo. Lapho i-Stellite 6 isebenza njengesendlalelo esiphezulu futhi kudingeka isendlalelo esimaphakathi, i-Stellite 21 ngokomlando ibisetshenziswa njengesivikelo ukuze kuthambise umehluko wokunwebeka okushisayo phakathi kwe-substrate yensimbi nongqimba oluphezulu lwe-Stellite 6. Ucwaningo olwenziwa kuma-substrates ensimbi e-F91 anezendlalelo zebhafa ze-Stellite 21, ezineminyaka engu-550–650°C kufika emahoreni angu-8,760, luthole ukulahlekelwa kokuqina komthelela omkhulu kusixhumi esibonakalayo se-F91/S21, yingakho izendlalelo zebhafa ezisekelwe ku-nickel ziya zithandwa kakhulu kulolo hlelo lokusebenza oluthile. Lokhu kubonisa kahle indawo ye-alloy: inani layo lisemandleni ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, hhayi esikhundleni se-Stellite 6 yonke indawo.
Umkhawulo onganakwa kalula. I-Stellite 21 inokumelana okulinganiselwe nokuguguleka kwezinhlayiya ezinzima. Ngenxa yokuthi ukuminyana kwe-carbide kuphansi, i-matrix inikeza ukuvikeleka okuncane lapho izinhlayiya ezibukhali zishaya ngesivinini. Ngaphansi kokuguguleka kwe-engeli ephansi kanye nokugqokwa kwe-abrasive eqinile, i-Stellite 21 ngokuvamile akuyona inketho engcono kakhulu.
Indlela esebenzayo yokukhetha
Indlela elandelayo isekelwe ezicini zokusebenza zama-alloys amabili. Ingasebenza njengegayidi yokuhlola yokuqala kodwa akufanele ithathele indawo ukuhlolwa kobunjiniyela kohlelo lokusebenza oluthile.
Gxila ku-Stellite 6 lapho:
- Imodi yokwehluleka evelele iwukuguga noma okunamathelayo, futhi ukuhamba ngebhayisikili okushisayo akuwona umthwalo omkhulu.
- Ingxenye inengxenye ewugqinsi, futhi ukuzwela kokuqhekeka ngesikhathi sokusakazwa nomshini kuyalawuleka.
- Izinga lokushisa lesevisi liphezulu emkhathini we-oxidizing, futhi isendlalelo se-oxide esivikelayo siyingxenye yomklamo.
- Uhlelo lokusebenza lunomlando osunguliwe we-Stellite 6 onedatha yokwehluleka ukubhekisela kuyo.
Jikela ku-Stellite 21 lapho:
- Ingxenye ithola ukushisisa nokupholisa ngokushesha okuphindaphindiwe, futhi ukuqhekeka kokukhathala okushisayo kuyingozi eyaziwayo.
- Ingxenye inezindonga ezincane noma izinguquko ezingalindelekile zesigaba, futhi ukuqina kubaluleke ngaphezu kobulukhuni obuluhlaza.
- Kudingeka ungqimba olushintshayo phakathi kwe-substrate yensimbi nokubheke kanzima ukuze kubhafa ukungezwani kokunwetshwa okushisayo (kodwa ukuzinza kwesikhathi eside kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kufanele kuhlolwe).
- Indlela yokugqokwa iwukugqokwa kokushelela kwensimbi kuya kwensimbi noma i-cavitation kunokuguguleka kwezinhlayiya ezinzima.
Lapho kungekho ukulingana okuhlanzekile: Uma uhlelo lokusebenza ludinga kokubili ukumelana nokuguga okuphezulu nokumelana nokukhathala okushisayo, i-Stellite 12 (ikhabhoni ephezulu, ukumelana nokugqokwa okuphezulu) noma umndeni we-Tribaloy wama-alloys aqiniswe nge-intermetallic kungase kulungele ukucatshangelwa, noma ukuphathwa okushisayo kwengxenye kungase kudingeke ukuba kubhekiswe ezingeni lokuklama. Lezi zikhombisi-ndlela zidlulela ngale kwalokhu kuqhathanisa kodwa zingezasekubuyekezweni kokukhetha okubalulekile kwesigaba sangaphambi kwesikhathi.
Okufanele ukufake ku-RFQ
Noma ngabe iyiphi ingxubevange ekhethiwe, umphakeli wokulingisa nomshini ngokuvamile udinga okulandelayo ngaphambi kokuthi anikeze isisho esiphusile:
- Imidwebo yengxenye ngezilinganiso ezibalulekile kanye nezidingo zokubekezelelana.
- Izimo zesevisi: izinga lokushisa, eliphakathi nendawo, nohlobo lomthwalo (ukugqokwa, umthelela, ukuhamba ngebhayisikili okushisayo).
- Impilo elindelwe noma imodi yokwehluleka eyaziwayo, enengxenye yomlando uma ikhona.
- Okujwayelekile okubalulekile, isibonelo ukuthi i-AMS 5387 noma enye imininingwane esebenzayo kufanele ihlangatshezwe.
- Ubuningi, njengoba izingcezu ezingashadile, amaqoqo amancane, namavolumu okukhiqiza aholela ekukhethweni kwenqubo ehlukene.
Ngokusakazwa kwe-alloy okusekelwe ku-cobalt, kufanele futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umphakeli unamandla angaphakathi kusuka ekusakazeni kuze kube sekugcineni machining, ngoba lawa ma-alloys asebenza kanzima ngokuphawulekayo futhi i-handoff phakathi kwezinqubo ithinta kokubili izindleko nesikhathi sokuhola.
