Amarola we-level shaft kanye nezingxenye ezisele ze-rollformer azivamile ukwehluleka ngesizathu esisodwa, esisobala. Emigqeni eqhubekayo yokufaka ama-galvanizing, i-roller ebukeka isebenziseka kahle emdwebeni ingaguga emavikini amaningi—noma ibangele ukunqamuka komugqa lapho i-bearing ibanjwa futhi umqulu wehla endlini yawo. Umehluko phakathi kwerola ehlala isikhathi eside naleyo eba yikhanda lokunakekela ngokuvamile wehlela ezinqumweni ezimbili ezenziwa kudala ngaphambi kokuba ingxenye ifinyelele emgqeni: ukuthi imodi yokwehluleka yatholwa kanjani, nokuthi ingabe ukwelashwa kwempahla nengaphezulu kufana ngempela nezimo zokusebenza.
Lo mhlahlandlela uhlola izindlela zokuhluleka ezivelele kumaroli e-level kanye ne-rollformer, ukukhetha okubalulekile nokuqina okubhekana nakho, kanye nezimfuneko zejometri ezinquma ukuthi ingxenye entsha eyisipele yenza njengoba kuhlosiwe noma iba ukwehluleka okuphindayo okulandelayo.
Kungani ama-Level Shaft Rollers Ehluleka Emigqeni Yokugqamisa
Isinyathelo sokuqala sokucacisa i-roller eshintshayo ukuqonda ukuthi yini ehlulekile ngempela. Ekuqiniseni izileveli zokungezwani komugqa, izindlela ezimbili zokwehluleka zibusa, futhi zidinga izixazululo ezihlukene.
I-Roll surface igugile futhi i-spalling. Umqulu wokusebenza uthinta umucu ngaphansi kwe-tension namandla okugoba. Uma umumo we-strip uphansi—amagagasi onqenqema, amabhande aphakathi nendawo, noma ama-weld seams—indawo egqinsiwe idonsa umthelela ogxilile kanye nokuthintana okulimazayo. Ucwaningo lwamaroli omsebenzi we-tension leveler lukhomba ukuguga okulimazayo njengendlela yokuqala yokugqokwa, okunamaphutha omumo womdweshu ogoqekayo oshiwo njengembangela eyinhloko yokuguga okungavamile. Izilinganiso nodaba lwangaphandle olubanjwe phakathi kwama-work rolls nama-backup rolls kwenza inkinga, ikhiqize ukuhwalala nokulimala kwendawo okudlulela emgqeni. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, izimpawu zokugoqa noma ukonakala kwendawo engaphansi kungabhebhetheka ezenzakalweni ze-spalling, ngisho nangaphansi kwamandla okuginqika aphansi avamile amaleveli okuqinisa.
Ukuhluleka kwe-roll-end kanye nokwehla kwe-roll. Imodi yokwehluleka eqondene namayunithi okugoba okuleveli yokungezwani idinga ukunakwa okuhlukile. Ucwaningo ngemigqa eqhubekayo yokufaka ama-galvanizing lubonisa ukuthi amandla e-axial asebenza kuma-bearings asekela ekupheleni komsebenzi adala ukuguga okuqhubekayo. Uma i-bearing yolunye uhlangothi isiguga ngokwanele, i-aretha ehlukile ingabalekela umkhono wayo wokusekela-okuholela ekutheni umqulu wehle usuka endlini, ukunwaya umugqa, futhi okungenzeka kubangele ukunqamuka komugqa. Lena akuyona inkinga ye-roll body. Kuyinkinga yeleveli yesistimu ehlanganisa ukukhethwa kwe-bearing, ikhwalithi yokuhlanganisa, nokulawulwa komthwalo we-axial. Ukushintsha i-roller ngaphandle kokubhekana nezimo zokuthwala nokuqondanisa ngeke kuvimbele ukuphindaphinda.
Okushiwo okusebenzayo kuqondile: ngaphambi koku-oda irola ye-shaft yeleveli eshintshayo, qinisekisa ukuthi ingxenye ehlulekile ikhombisa ukuguga okubuswe phezulu noma ukulimala kwesixhumi esibonakalayo. Owokuqala ukhomba ekuthuthukisweni kwempahla nobulukhuni; lesi sakamuva sidinga ukubuyekezwa komhlangano ozungezile.
Ukukhetha Okubalulekile Kwemiqulu Ye-Level ne-Rollformer
Ukukhetha okubalulekile kwamaroli e-level kanye ne-rollformer ibhalansi phakathi kokumelana nokugqokwa kwendawo kanye nokuqina okuyisisekelo. Ingxubevange eqinile enekhabhoni ephezulu kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-chromium imelana nokuhuzuka kodwa ingase ibe brittle ngaphansi kwemithwalo egotshwayo. Insimbi enengxubevange ephansi enamandla amaphakathi ingase iguge ngokushesha phezulu. Ukukhetha okulungile kuncike ekutheni iyiphi imodi yokwehluleka ebusa.
Izinsimbi ze-chromium ezinekhabhoni ephezulu njengamamaki ohlobo lwe-GCr15 avamile ezinhlelweni ezisetshenziswayo lapho ukuguguleka kuwukukhathazeka okuyinhloko. Zisabela kahle ekuqineni futhi zingafinyelela ubulukhuni bobuso ebangeni le-HRC 58–62, okuzenza zifanelekele amaroli omsebenzi athinta umugqa onesikali noma ukungcola kwe-oxide. Eziteshini ezakha i-rollformer, amabanga afanayo avela njengezinto ezisetshenziswayo zamarola, ngokuvamile ane-chrome plating eqinile ukuze kuvikeleke indawo eyengeziwe.
Izinsimbi zamathuluzi e-alloy njenge-9Cr2Mo kanye namabanga ohlobo lwe-60CrMoV anikeza ibhalansi ehlukile. Zinikeza ukumelana okwanele kokugqokwa ngokuqina okuyinhloko okungcono kunamamaki e-chromium enekhabhoni ephezulu, okuwenza athandeke lapho imithwalo egotshwayo ibalulekile futhi umqulu kufanele umelane nokuchezuka ngaphandle kokuqhekeka. Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zeleveli lapho i-diameter ye-roll inqunyelwe i-geometry yezindlu, le mashi yokuqina ibalulekile.
Ama-alloys asekelwe ku-cobalt faka isithombe lapho amazinga okushisa okusebenza noma ukuchayeka kumakhemikhali kudlula lokho okungabekezelelwa yingxubevange eyenziwe ngensimbi. Amarola ajwayelekile angu-42CrMo4 abonwe eqhekeka ezindaweni ezine-sulfide ecebile, kuyilapho i-cobalt alloy ye-AMS 5387 imelana nokugwazwa kwamazinga okushisa aphakeme futhi igcina isiphetho esihle ngemva kokugaya. Lokhu akusho ukuthi ama-alloys e-cobalt awukuthuthukiswa okuzenzakalelayo kwawo wonke ama-roller olayini wokugaya. Ziyisixazululo esiqondisiwe sezimo lapho ukuhamba ngebhayisikili okushisayo noma imidiya ebolayo kwehlisa izinsimbi ezivamile ngokushesha kunokuba ukugqokwa komshini kuphela okungabikezela.
I-Rollformer yenza imiqulu ukusebenza ngaphansi kwezinto ezibalulekile ezihlukene. Ukugoba nokwenza imithwalo kuyabusa, futhi ukuchayeka kokushisa komugqa oshisayo akukho. Ukucaciswa kwempahla yemboni ngokuvamile kuklelisa i-GCr15 noma i-AISI 1045 yensimbi yokwakha amaroli, enobulukhuni kububanzi be-HRC 58–62 kanye nokufakwa kwe-chrome ongakukhetha. Isidingo esibalulekile samaroli e-rollformer ukungaguquguquki kwephrofayela nokunemba kobukhulu kuyo yonke isethi yomqulu, hhayi ukusebenza kwezinga lokushisa eliphakeme.
Izinketho Zokuqinisa Ubuso Nokwelashwa
Uma impahla eyisisekelo isikhethiwe, ukwelashwa okungaphezulu kunquma ukuthi i-roll imelana isikhathi eside kangakanani ngaphambi kokufinyelela umkhawulo wayo wokushintsha.
Ukuqina kokungeniswa isalokhu iyindlela ejwayelekile yama-level work rolls. Umgomo ungqimba oluqinile lwendawo (imvamisa i-HRC 58–63) esekelwa ingqikithi eqinile. Ukujula kokuqina kudinga ukwahlulela: akujulile kakhulu futhi icala liyaguga noma lichitheka ngaphansi komthwalo; ukujula kakhulu futhi ukucindezeleka okusalayo noma ukuqina kuyanda. Njengomhlahlandlela ojwayelekile wobunjiniyela, ukujula kwekesi elisebenzayo kuvame ukugcinwa phakathi kuka-5% kuya ku-10% wobubanzi bomzimba we-roll, kodwa izincomo ezithile zokujula kufanele zivele kumkhiqizi we-roll ngokusekelwe kudatha yohlelo lokusebenza, hhayi kuthebula elijwayelekile.
I-hard chrome plating isebenza ngezinhloso ezimbili kuma-level nama-rollformer rolls. Inikeza indawo enokungqubuzana okuphansi enciphisa ukuguga okunamathelayo nokuthathwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo, futhi ihlinzeka ngokuvikela ukugqwala ezindaweni lapho i-zinc splash noma umswakama ukhona. Amaroli omsebenzi we-tension leveler ayatholakala ukuze athengiselwe nge-chrome plating enobulukhuni obuphezulu ekujikeni okungama-65 μm, abhangqwe nokucaciswa kokuqina kwendawo. Kumaroli e-rollformer asebenza emgqeni owenziwe uthayela noma opendwe ngaphambilini, ukumbozwa nge-chrome okungaba ngu-0.05 mm kuwukucaciswa okuvamile.
Ukulawula kokuqeda ubuso ayinakuhlukaniswa nokuqina nokunamathela. Indawo eqinile kodwa ecishe ibe phansi isazothatha isikali futhi iguge ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ngokuphambene, indawo ebushelelezi ngokwedlulele inganciphisa ukudonsa kwama-strip kumaphasi athile okulinganisa noma okwakha. Ubulukhuni obufanele buncike enqubweni: amaroli okuxhumana okusebenza ngokuvamile acacisa ukuqedwa okuhle kakhulu, kuyilapho amaroli ekhophi yasenqolobaneni noma amaroli omhlahlandlela angase abekezelele izindawo ezimaholoholo. I-commercial tension leveler work rolls iklelisa ubulukhuni bendawo njengo-Ra 0.2 μm noma ngezansi kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, kodwa lokhu akufanele kuthathwe njengokuhlosiwe kwendawo yonke.
Izidingo Zokubekezelelana Nezangaphandle Ezithinta Impilo Ye-Roll
Ikhwalithi yejiyomethri ye-level shaft roller ayithinti kuphela ukucaba kwe-strip kodwa futhi ukuphila okunempilo kanye nephethini yokugqoka ye-roll.
Ukujikeleza kanye ne-cylindricity ithonya ngokuqondile ukuthi umthwalo usabalalisa kanjani kulo lonke ibhere kanye nobubanzi bomugqa. Iroli enomjikelezo ongemuhle izobeka imithwalo ye-cyclic radial kumabheringi ayo ngakho konke ukuguquguquka, isheshise ukukhathala. Amaroli omsebenzi wezentengiselwano wezilinganisi ze-tension anikezwa ngokubekezelela okuyindilinga okuqinile njengo-0.010 mm noma ngaphansi, nokubekezelela isilinda ebangeni elingu-0.005–0.01 mm. Lezi zibalo zimelela imikhiqizo eqondile, hhayi amandla omshini ajwayelekile, futhi kufanele acaciswe kuphela uma isicelo sithethelela izindleko.
Ukuphuma okuyisiyingi kuthinta ukudlidliza nokulandela ngomcu. Umqulu ophelelwa iqiniso uzoveza ukuguquguquka kwezikhathi ezithile noma ukumakwa kwendawo. Ukucaciswa okufanayo kwezentengiso kuhlu ukubekezelela kokuphuma okuyisiyingi okungu-0.010–0.018 mm.
Ukungaguquguquki kodayamitha kusethi yomqulu kuyisidingo esivame ukunganakwa. Ku-level noma i-rollformer, ama-roll amaningi asebenza ngokulandelana. Uma amaroli ashintshayo ehluka ngobubanzi kusethi yokuqala, izilungiselelo zegebe nobudlelwano phakathi kwama-roll buyashintsha, okuthinta kokubili umphumela wenqubo nokusabalalisa komthwalo phakathi kwamaroli. Lokhu ukubekezelelana kwezinga lesistimu, hhayi ukubekezelelana kwengxenye eyodwa, futhi kufanele kubhekiswe ekucacisweni kokuthenga.
Ubulukhuni bobuso idinga ukufaniswa nohlelo lokusebenza kunokunciphisa. Kumaholoholo futhi umqulu uphawula umucu; bushelelezi kakhulu futhi i-strip traction ingase inganele kumaphasi athile. Ukuze kuqiniswe amaroli omsebenzi weleveli yolayini, ububanzi obufanele buncike ekugqinsileni kwemicu, ukushuba, nokuthi ingabe umqulu uwumqulu wokusebenza noma umqulu oyisipele.
I-Rollformer Shaft Rollers kanye nama-Rolling Forming: Umsebenzi Ohlukile, Okubalulekile Okuhlukile
Amarola ama-roller shaft kanye namaroli akhayo abelana ngegama elithi “roller” nezingxenye zokuleveli, kodwa izimo zawo zokusebenza nezinto eziza kuqala kuwo ziyahlukahluka ngezindlela ezibalulekile.
Ama-level rolls emigqeni yokufaka uthayela aphikisana namazinga okushisa aphakeme, ukungcoliswa kwezinc, kanye nesidingo sokuchoboza isikali ngenkathi ugoba umucu. Amaroli akha amaroli, ngokuphambene, umumo udabula ngokulandelana kweziteshi ezingeni lokushisa elizungezile. Izindlela zabo zokwehluleka ezivelele ukuguga okusuka phezulu kanye nokukhathala okuvela emijikelezweni yokugoba, hhayi ukuwohloka kokushisa noma ukugqwala kwe-zinc.
Lo mehluko ushintsha ukugcizelelwa kwempahla kanye nokwelashwa. Amaroli akha amarola ngokuvamile asebenzisa insimbi ye-GCr15 noma i-AISI 1045 eqina ibe yi-HRC 58–62 kanye ne-chrome eqinile ongayikhetha. Amashafti emishini yokuguquguquka avame ukucaciswa njengensimbi engu-40Cr noma i-AISI 1045 enokwelashwa okushisayo, okubonisa isidingo samandla e-torsional nokumelana nokukhathala kunokumelana nokugqokwa kwangaphandle kuphela.
Kuma-rollformer rolls, ukunemba kwephrofayili kanye nokusetha ukungaguquguquki kuthwala isisindo esiningi kunokukhethwa kwengxube ye-alloy ephakeme. I-rollformer ekhiqiza iphrofayili engabekezeleleki ngenxa yokuthi umqulu oshintshwayo washintshwa waba ikhonsathi ehluke kancane izokhiqiza okulahliwe kungakhathaliseki ukuthi impahla imelana kangakanani. Ukucaciswa kufanele kubeke phambili ukwakheka kobukhulu bephrofayela kanye nobudlelwano bobukhulu phakathi kwamaroli esiteshini.
Ukufanisa Isixazululo Nendlela Yokuhluleka: Uhlaka Olusebenzayo
Izinto ezibonakalayo kanye nezinketho zokwelashwa ezingenhla ziba usizo kuphela uma zixhunywe ekwahlulekeni kwangempela okubonwa kulayini. Uhlaka olulandelayo luhlela inqubo yesinqumo.
Uma ingaphezulu le-roll libonisa ukuguga okulimazayo, ukufaka amaphuzu, noma ukupholisha: Isidingo esiyinhloko ubulukhuni obuphezulu bobuso obuqinile obanele. Cabangela insimbi eqinile ye-high-carbon chromium noma insimbi ye-alloy, qinisekisa ukuthi ukuqina kwe-induction kufinyelela ekujuleni kwekesi elishiwo, futhi ubuyekeze indawo ephezulu. Uma isikali noma izinto zangaphandle ziwumthombo olimazayo, ukuthuthukisa ukuhlanzwa kwe-strip noma isimo sokugoqa kungase kubaluleke njengokushintsha okubalulekile.
Uma ingaphezulu le-roll libonisa ukuqhekeka, ukugoba, noma ukuqhekeka komhlaba ongaphansi: Ukuqina kobuso kukodwa ngeke kukuxazulule lokhu. Hlola ukukhubazeka kobuso obungaphansi kokuqukethwe okungenayo, buyekeza inqubo yokuqina yokujula kwecala elidlulele noma ukufutheka okunganele, futhi uhlole ukuthi ingabe imithwalo yomthelela engavamile (ama-weld seam, ukonakala komumo we-strip) idala umonakalo. Kungase kudingeke into ewumgogodla eqinile noma ukucaciswa kokuqina okubuyekeziwe.
Uma ukwehluleka kuhambisana nokuquleka noma ukwehla kwe-roll: Ungacacisi i-roller entsha kuze kube yilapho isimo sokuthwala, umthwalo we-axial, nokuqondanisa komhlangano sekubuyekeziwe. Imibhalo ye-tension leveler ikhomba amandla e-axial kuma-bearings asekelayo njengembangela yokwehla kwezigameko. Irola eshintshwayo efakwe endlini engahambi kahle izohluleka ngendlela efanayo neyasekuqaleni. Izenzo zokulungisa zihlanganisa ukubuyekezwa kohlobo oluthwele (ama-thrust bearings lapho kufanele), izinqubo zokuhlanganisa ezithuthukisiwe, nokucubungula ukulungiswa kwepharamitha ukuze kuncishiswe ukulayisha kwe-axial.
Uma ukucaba kwe-strip noma ikhwalithi yendawo iwohloka ngaphandle kokugqokwa kwe-roll okusobala: Hlola ukuhambisana kwedayamitha yeroli kuyo yonke isethi, ubuyindilinga kanye nokuphela kwamaroli angawodwana, kanye nesimo samaroli ayisipele. I-geometrically engaphelele kodwa engagqokile isengakhiqiza umucu ongamukeleki.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
I-level shaft roller ihluke kanjani ku-roller shaft roller?
Irola ye-level shaft isebenza ngaphansi kokugoba okugobile kanye nezinga lokushisa elivame ukukhuphuka emugqeni wokulinganisa noma wokuqina wokuqina, nokuguga okuqhutshwa ukuhlangana kwe-strip nesikali. I-roller shaft roller ishayela ukwenza amaroli amise umucu kuzinga lokushisa elizungezile, eligugile eliqhutshwa ukwakha imithwalo kanye nokuxhumana kwephrofayela. Izinto ezibalulekile ezibalulekile kanye nezidingo zokubekezelelana ziyehluka ngokufanele.
Ingabe irola elijwayelekile le-42CrMo4 lingathuthukiswa ukuze lithole isevisi yolayini wokugaya?
I-42CrMo4 ingakwazi ukusebenza ngokwanele kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza zeleveli, kodwa isengozini yokuqhekeka ezindaweni ezine-sulfide ecebile. Ukuthuthukela kungxubevange esekwe ku-cobalt noma insimbi enengxubevange ephezulu kungase kulungele lapho ukuhamba ngebhayisikili okushisayo noma ukuchayeka kwamakhemikhali kuyisici. Isinqumo kufanele sisekelwe esimweni sengxenye ehlulekile, hhayi ebangeni lezinto ezibonakalayo kuphela.
Kufanele kushintshwe kangaki amaroli e-level?
Asikho isikhawu sendawo yonke. Ukushintshwa kuncike kuvolumu ye-strip, ikhwalithi yokuhlubula, okokusebenza kwe-roll, nokuthi ingabe umqulu uwumqulu wokusebenza noma umqulu oyisipele. Ukuhlola okusekelwe esimeni—ukulinganisa ubulukhuni bendawo, ukuhlola ukusabalala, kanye nekhwalithi yomugqa wokugada—kuthembeke kakhulu kunokushintsha okusekelwe ekhalendeni.
Yini edala ukuthi i-level roll yehle ezindlini zayo?
Ukwehla kweroli kumayunithi okugoba okuleveli yokungezwani kulandelelwe ukuthi sekugugile amabheringi asekelayo okuphela komsebenzi ngaphansi kwe-axial force. Uma ibhere elilodwa ligqoka, i-aretha ehlukile ingabalekela umkhono wayo wokusekela, okuvumela umqulu ukuthi uhlukane. Ukukhethwa kokuthwala, ikhwalithi yokuhlanganisa, nokulawulwa komthwalo we-axial yizindawo ezifanele zokulungisa.
Isiphetho: Thola Ukwehluleka Ngaphambi Kokukhetha Indaba
I-roller eqinile ayihlali ingcono kakhulu. Ekuzilinganisweni komugqa ocwebezelayo, ingxenye ehlulekayo kungase kube indawo eqengqelekayo, isixhumi esibonakalayo esithwalayo, noma ukuqondanisa komugqa—futhi ngayinye idinga impendulo ehlukile. Ukuthuthukiswa kwezinto kanye nokuqina kwendawo kunganweba impilo kakhulu uma ukuguga kuyiyona ndlela ehamba phambili. Ngeke balungise izindlu ezingalungile noma inkinga ye-axial load ebhubhisa ama-bearings.
Ezingxenyeni eziyisipele ze-rollformer, izinto ezibalulekile zishintshela ekunembeni kwephrofayili, ukubeka ukungaguquguquki, nokumelana nokukhathala, kugcizelelwe kancane ukumelana nokushisa nokugqwala. Ukucacisa zombili izinhlobo zamaroli kusuka kumqondo wento efanayo kuziba umsebenzi ohlukile owenziwa yilowo nalowo.
Indlela ethembeke kakhulu iwukuhlola ingxenye ehlulekile, ukuhlonza ukuthi ukuguga, ukubola, ukuthwala umonakalo, noma ukukhukhuleka kwejiyomethri kuyindaba eyinhloko, futhi ucacise impahla kanye nokwelashwa ukubhekana naleyo nqubo ethile. Abahlinzeki abaqonda uhlelo lokusebenza bangaba neqhaza kulokhu kuxilongwa; i-oda lokuthenga lilodwa alikwazi.
