Apo injiniya anotsanangura an incoloy chikamu kune mutsara unoparadza, sarudzo pakati peAlloy 825 neAlloy 800 haiwanzo kutaura nezve alloy "iri nani." Iri pamusoro peiyo alloy inofanana nemamiriro chaiwo ebasa. Incoloy 825 (UNS N08825) yakagadzirirwa kuderedza maasidhi, chloride-inotakura midhiya, uye nharaunda yakavava gasi. Incoloy 800 (UNS N08800) yakagadzirirwa kusimba kwepamusoro-tembiricha uye oxidation kuramba, ine corrosion performance mu aqueous media seyechipiri bhenefiti. Kuvhiringidza izvo zviviri zvinogona kutungamirira kune imwe mari isingakoshi kana alloy isingaenderane nezvinodiwa sevhisi.
Kuenzanisa uku kwakanyorerwa makemikoro, kumahombekombe, uye kupisa mainjiniya nevatengi vanoda sarudzo inoshanda yesarudzo, kwete bhuku rekushandisa rakazara. Inotarisa pane iyo metallurgical logic kuseri kwealloy yega yega, chikamu chinoumba uko sarudzo inonyanya kukosha, uye magadzirirwo uye ekutenga mapoinzi anoona kana iyo yakatsanangurwa alloy inonyatsoita mubasa.
Incoloy 825 vs 800: The Positioning Difference
Nzira iri nyore yekugadzira mutsauko ndeiyi: Alloy 825 ndiyo corrosion-kutanga; Alloy 800 ndiyo inopisa-kutanga.
Alloy 825 ndeyemhuri yeNi-Fe-Cr-Mo-Cu. Iyo nickel yemukati inogara muchikamu che38-46%, nekuwedzera nemaune kwe molybdenum (2.5-3.5%) uye mhangura (1.5-3.0%), pamwe netitanium kugadzikana. Musanganiswa uyu wakagadzirirwa kubata zvese oxidizing uye kuderedza maasidhi, kuramba chloride stress corrosion cracking, uye kushivirira mamiriro ebasa rakavava rine H₂S.
Alloy 800 is a Ni-Fe-Cr alloy ine ingangoita 30–35% nickel uye 19–23% chromium, asi isina nemaune molybdenum uye isina kuwedzera mhangura. Chinangwa chayo chekugadzira ndeyepamusoro-tembiricha sevhisi: oxidation kuramba, carburization kuramba, uye simba rinokambaira patembiricha inosvika 593 ° C kune base 800 giredhi, ine 800H uye 800HT ichiwedzera iyo nhanho mberi. Mune aqueous corrosive media isina yakanyanya chloride kana kuderedza acid exposure, 800 inoita zvakaringana, asi yayo yekuramba kuita ngura idiki nekugadzirwa.
For an incoloy chikamu mune kemikari process line inobata sulfuric acid ine chlorides, 825 ndiyo yakakodzera kutsanangurwa. Kune tsigiro yechoto kana yakakwira-tembiricha yekubatanidza mhete, 800 kazhinji ndiyo yakanyanya kukodzera uye yakanyanya hupfumi sarudzo. Sarudzo yacho inofanirwa kutevedzera nzira huru yekudzikisira, kwete mukurumbira weiyo alloy.
Kuumbwa uye Corrosion Resistance Mechanisms
Chii Nickel, Chromium, Molybdenum, uye Copper Do
Iyo corrosion resistance yeAlloy 825 haisi chinhu chimwe chete. Imwe neimwe alloying yekuwedzera inogadzirisa chaiyo yekutadza maitiro.
Nickel inopa hwaro hwekuramba chloride stress corrosion cracking (SCC). Iyo 38-46% nickel range mu825 inokwana kuramba chloride-ion SCC munzvimbo dzakawanda. Alloy 800's yakaderera nickel yemukati (30-35%) inopawo anobatsira SCC kuramba mune akawanda aqueous media, asi iyo nickel yepamusoro mu825 inopa yakafara muganho mune yakanyanya chloride sevhisi.
Chromium inoumba iyo passive oxide firimu inodzivirira kubva kune oxidizing media senge nitric acid uye oxidizing munyu. Ose 800 ne825 anovimba nechromium pakuita basa iri, uye ese ane ingangoita 19–23.5% Cr.
Molybdenum ndipo panosiyana maalloys maviri zvakajeka. Iyo 2.5-3.5% Mo mu825 inosimudzira kuramba kugomba uye crevice corrosion, kunyanya munzvimbo dzine chloride-inobereka. Alloy 800 haina nemaune molybdenum yekuwedzera. Kusavapo uku hakusi kukanganisa mukugadzirwa kwe800; zvinongoratidza kuti mazana masere haana kugadzirirwa chloride pitting resistance.
Mhangura, iripo pa1.5-3.0% mu825, inoshanda ne molybdenum kuramba kuderedza acids, kunyanya sulfuric uye phosphoric acid. Alloy 800 haina kuwedzera mhangura. Mune dilute sulfuric acid sevhisi, 825 yemhangura yemukati ndicho chikonzero chikuru chinotsanangurwa apo 800 yaisazove.
Titanium mu825 inoshanda seyakagadzikana, inosunga kabhoni kudzivirira kunaya kwechromium carbide panguva yewelding uye kuderedza ngozi yekunzwa. Ichi ndicho chikonzero 825 ichitsanangurwa seine kuramba kune intergranular corrosion mune se-welded mamiriro.
Chii 800's Kushaikwa kweMo uye Cu Zvinoreva muKudzidzira
Alloy 800 haifanirwe kubviswa se "kushomeka kushomeka" mune ese mamiriro. Mune yakakwirira-tembiricha oxidizing atmospheres, 800's chromium yemukati uye nickel chiyero inopa yakanakisa oxidation uye carburization kuramba, ndosaka ichiramba iri yakajairwa zvinhu zvekuvandudza uye zvikamu zvechoto. Iyo alloy inopa general corrosion kuramba kune akawanda aqueous midhiya uye inoramba kushushikana kuora kwekuputika munzvimbo dzakawanda.
Iyo inogumira inoonekwa kana nharaunda yebasa ichisanganisira ma chlorides pamwe nekudzikisa asidhi, kana kana gomba uye crevice corrosion kuri kutyisidzira. Mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, 800 yekushaikwa kwe molybdenum inoisiya iri panjodzi yekurwiswa kwenzvimbo iyo 825 yakagadzirirwa kuramba. Basa rekuyedza pazvikamu zvekutanga kupisa zvine yakakwira chloride concentration (5,500 ppm Cl⁻) patembiricha yakakwira yakawana kuti Incoloy 800 yairatidza kukoromoka kwegomba nepo Incoloy 825 yakaratidza kusaora kwakakosha kwepasi pasi pemamiriro akafanana. Urwu rudzi rwehumbowo hwekuenzanisa, nepo hwakanangana nemhoteredzo yebvunzo, hunoratidza mhedzisiro yemusiyano wekuumbwa.
For an incoloy chikamu mumvura yegungwa-yakatonhorera kupisa inopisa, musiyano uyu unokosha. Mvura yegungwa inosanganisa chloride, apo neapo inoderedza mamiriro kubva kuzvinhu zvipenyu, uye mitswe pamaflange uye chubhu-ku-tubesheet majoini. Alloy 825's Mo uye Cu zvemukati zvinogadzirisa maitiro aya. Alloy 800 haina.
Yakajairika Incoloy Chikamu Mafomu uye Mamiriro Ekushandisa
Mawachi anogara panzvimbo isingakanganwiri mujoini yakasungwa: anodzvanywa pakati penzvimbo mbiri, achigadzira mukaha umo kupera kweokisijeni uye chloride concentration inogona kukurumidza kurwisa. Mune chloride-inotakura sevhisi, zvinhu zvewasher zvinofanirwa kuramba zvese kukora uye kukoromoka kwecrevice uku uchichengeta preload.
Alloy 825 washers ndiwo akakodzera dhizaini yekubatanidza kune flanged mune yakavava gasi, mvura yegungwa, uye acid-inobata masisitimu. Iyo molybdenum yemukati inopa pitting uye crevice corrosion kuramba iyo 800 isingakwanise kuenderana. Kune yakakwirira-tembiricha flue gasi kana muchoto mashandisirwo apo ma chlorides asipo uye kugadzikana kwekupisa ndiko kunonyanya kukosha, 800 washers anogona kutariswa.
Chimwe chinyorwa chinoshanda kubva muruzivo rwekugadzira: Incoloy alloys inoshanda-yakaoma panguva yekutendeuka uye shinda, uye basa-kuomesera mwero we825 wakakwira zvakati tsvikiti pane zvakajairika austenitic stainless steels. Mawachi matete ari pazasi angangoita 1.5 mm anogona kukanganisa panguva yekupisa kurapwa kunze kwekunge akatsigirwa nekugadzirisa kwakakodzera. Kutenderedza shinda kwete kupeta kunowanzo kufarirwa dhizaini yewasher musevhisi yechloride, nekuti kubatika kunogona kuunza subsurface shear kukuvara inova saiti yekutanga yekushushikana kuora kwekuputika. Verification note: Iyi nhungamiro yekugadzira inoratidza yakajairika machining maitiro eIncoloy alloys; chaiyo parameters inofanira kusimbiswa nemugadziri chaiye.
Incoloy Tube uye Heat Exchanger Zvikamu
ASTM B423 / ASME SB423 inovhara isina musono uye inotonhora-inoshanda chubhu muUNS N08825 ye general corrosive service. Mukupisa kunopisa tubing, sarudzo iri pakati pe825 ne800 inowanzo tevera goko-padivi kana chubhu-padivi chemistry.
Kana iyo chubhu inotakura mvura inotonhorera ine chlorides, kana iyo process fluid ine inoderedza asidhi, 825 chubhu inopa iyo Mo uye Cu mupiro unodiwa kuramba pitting uye acid kurwisa. Kana iyo application iri high-temperature reformer kana pyrolysis furnace apo tembiricha yesimbi inodarika 600°C uye nharaunda yacho yakaoma kana kuti oxidizing, 800H kana 800HT chubhu ndiyo yakajairika sarudzo.
Mamiriro epakati-renji anokodzera kutariswa: zvinopisa zvinopisa zvine tembiricha yakatenderedza 400–500°C uye mwero wechloride mazinga. Kana alloy haisi mhinduro yepasirese pano. Sarudzo inofanirwa kutendeutsa kuti chloride yekumisikidza uye crevice geometry inogadzira inovimbika SCC kana gomba njodzi. Kana hongu, 825's yepamusoro nickel uye molybdenum zvemukati zvinopa yakafara muganho wekuchengetedza.
Valve Trim uye Machina Zvikamu
Valve internals vanosangana nekukukurwa-kuora, kurwiswa kwemugodhi panzvimbo yekuvharisa, uye mubasa rakavava, sulfide stress cracking. Alloy 825 trim inoshandiswa muasidhi uye yakavava gasi kudzikisa sevhisi uko musanganiswa weMo wekupokana negomba uye Ni yeSCC kuramba yakakosha. Alloy 800 haina kunyanya kuwanda mumhepo inoparadza vharuvhu sevhisi asi inoonekwa mune yakakwirira-tembiricha flue gasi uye mavharuvhu echoto.
Verification note: Chigadzirwa chinowanikwa kubva pawebhusaiti chinofanira kusimbiswa chisati chareva kuwanikwa kwevhavha trim kana zvimwe akagadzirwa Incoloy zvikamu kupfuura washers. Kana iyo saiti yazvino inopa yakanangana newashers, chikamu ichi chinofanira kuverengerwa semashandisirwo echiratidziro pane kutaurwa kwechigadzirwa.
Sarudzo Yesarudzo Tafura: Nepakati uye Tembiricha
Tafura inotevera inokonesa pfungwa yekusarudza kuita mamiriro anowanzo sangana nawo incoloy chikamu buyers. Inotora chikamu chakasimba kana chakagadzirwa chikamu (washer, chubhu, yakakodzera, trim) uye kuti chinonyanya kunetsa ndeye aqueous corrosion kunze kwekunge zvataurwa neimwe nzira.
| Service Condition | Yakakurudzirwa Alloy | Rationale |
| Sulfuric acid (inoderedza), ine chlorides,>60°C | 825 | Cu + Mo kuramba kuderedza asidi; Inoramba chloride SCC |
| Phosphoric acid, yakasvibiswa nemakloridi | 825 | Cu kuwedzera kunonangwa phosphoric acid; Mo anoramba pitting |
| Mvura yegungwa kana brine, yakamira kana kuti yakatsemuka | 825 | Mo inopa pitting / mutswe kuramba; 800 inoshaya Mo |
| Sour gasi (H₂S) ine chlorides, njodzi yekupwanya pane NACE MR0175 chiyero | 825 | Yakanyorwa muNACE MR0175 yebasa rinovava rinoputika kuramba; Ni + Mo musanganiswa |
| Oxidizing acid (nitric), hapana chlorides, ine mwero tembiricha | 800 kana 825 | Vose vanovimba neCr passive film; 800 mutengo wakaderera |
| High-temperature oxidation/carburization,>600°C, yakaoma | 800 / 800H / 800HT | High-tembiricha simba uye kugadzikana; 825 haina kuitirwa renji iyi |
| Dilute chloride, yakaderera tembiricha, hapana mutswe | 800 inogona kukwana | 800's Ni yemukati inopa SCC kuramba mumamiriro akapfava; gomba ngozi yakaderera pasina mitswe |
Muganhu wakakosha paNACE MR0175: Iyi chiyero inogadzirisa kuramba kune sulfide kusagadzikana kuparuka uye inotsanangura zvinhu zvinogamuchirika kune H₂S-ine sevhisi. Iyo haigadziri magomba kana mitsetse yekuora. Chinhu chakanyorwa muMR0175 hachingozviiti "chinodzivirira kugwinya" kune ese mamiriro ezvinhu anovava; zvinoreva kuti zvinhu zvinosangana nezvinodiwa zvekuramba mukati meiyo chiyero chakatsanangurwa chiyero. Kune 825 mune sour brine ine yakakwira chloride, pitting kuramba ichiri zvinoenderana neMo zvirimo uye tembiricha chaiyo uye chloride concentration. Mune yakakwira-chloride sour sevhisi, MR0175 kutevedzera inzvimbo yekutanga, kwete yakazara corrosion ongororo.
Kugadzira uye Kutenga Kufunga
Shanda Kuomesa uye Machining
Alloy 825 uye 800 ose anoshanda-akaoma nekukurumidza kupfuura austenitic Stainless simbi. Kune 825 chaizvo, mwero wekuomesera webasa wakadzikira pane akajairwa austenitic stainless mamakisi asi uchiri wakakwira, uye michina yekugadzira inofanirwa kupihwa simba rakakwana kutsiva kuwedzera kwesimba regoho panguva yekushanduka. Mukuita machining, kugara kana kukwesha chishandiso pamusoro pepamusoro kunoomesa chidimbu chakachekwa uye chinomhanyisa kupfeka kwezvishandiso. For an incoloy chikamu Iine kushivirira kwakasimba, senge washer ine flatness zvinodiwa kana yakarukwa fitting, machining kutevedzana uye chishandiso nzira inofanira kudzivirira zvisina kufanira kupfuura dzinoshanda pamusoro.
Iyi haisi nyaya yekufunga nezvezvikamu zvitete. Washers ari pasi pe 1.5 mm ukobvu anogona kukanganisa panguva yemhinduro annealing kana yekupedzisira kupisa kupisa kana isina kutsigirwa nemazvo. Mawashi makuru-diameter angangoda kudzorwa kutonhora mazinga kuti adzivise kumucheto warping. Aya ndiwo mashoko ekugadzira anofanirwa kukurukurwa padanho remakotesheni, asina kuwanikwa panguva yekuongorora kwechinyorwa chekutanga.
Surface Finish uye Mhedzisiro Yayo paCorrosion Resistance
Gomba uye kukoromoka kwegomba kunotanga pakusaenderera mberi kwepasi: makwara, simbi yakamisikidzwa, kupisa tint kubva kune welding, uye hutsinye hwakagadzirwa nemichina. Kune zvikamu mazana masere nemakumi maviri neshanu musevhisi yechloride, mamiriro ekunze ekusunga zviso uye nzvimbo dzekugadzira mitswe inobata zvakananga hupenyu hwesevhisi.
Kupedzwa kwemuchina kweRa ≤ 0.8 µm kwakajairwa nenzvimbo dzinogara dzisingaperi. Electropolishing kuRa ≤ 0.2 µm inogona kutsanangurwa kune yakakosha yekuvharisa nzvimbo mumishonga yemishonga kana yakakwirira-kuchena kwemakemikari sevhisi, uko zvese zvinoramba kukora uye kuchena zvinodiwa. Kune mawachi mumvura yegungwa kana sevhisi yakavava, kubvisa kupisa tint uye kuve nechokwadi chekuchenesa, kusinganzwisisi nzvimbo mushure mekugadzira kwakakosha pane kuwana iyo yekupedzisira-yakaderera Ra nhamba.
Standard uye Certification Cheki
Pakutenga an incoloy chikamu, chitupa chemidziyo chinofanirwa kusimbiswa zvichienderana nenhamba yakataurwa yeUNS uye chiyero chinoshanda:
- Alloy 825: UNS N08825. Tube uye pombi zvinogona kutsanangurwa kune ASTM B423 / ASME SB423. Bhara uye mafomu akaumbwa anowira pasi pezvakasiyana zvinoenderana nefomu rechigadzirwa. Kuteerera kweNACE MR0175 kunofanirwa kutaurwa zvakajeka pachitupa kana sevhisi inovava ichidikanwa.
- Alloy 800: UNS N08800 (kana N08810/N08811 ye800H/800HT). Mitemo yezvigadzirwa inosiyana nechimiro; bar stock, ndiro, uye forgings imwe neimwe ine yakaparadzana ASTM yekuvhara.
Iyo webhusaiti iripo Incoloy washer chigadzirwa peji inoratidza kugona mukugadzira Incoloy washers kune yakatarwa kushivirira uye kupera kwepasi. Kune mamwe mafomu mafomu, akadai sechubhu kana tsika dzakagadzirwa nemichina, iyo inowanikwa yekugadzira chiyero inofanira kusimbiswa zvakananga kwete kufungidzirwa kubva kune washer peji.
FAQ
Is Incoloy 825 inogara iri sarudzo iri nani yesevhisi inoodza kana ichienzaniswa ne800?
Kwete. Alloy 825 ndiyo sarudzo iri nani apo sevhisi inosanganisira chlorides, kuderedza acids, kana gasi rakasvibirira, nokuti Mo uye Cu kuwedzera kwayo kunonangana nemaitiro iwayo. Alloy 800 inokodzera zvirinani uye inodhura zvakanyanya kune yakakwirira-tembiricha oxidizing kana carburizing nharaunda uko ngura inofambiswa nekupisa pane aqueous chemistry. Kushandisa 825 muchoto chemoto chepamusoro-soro kunogona kuwedzera mutengo pasina kuwedzera kushanda.
Ko Incoloy 800 washers inogona kushandiswa mumvura yegungwa flanges?
Hazvikurudzirwi. Mvura yegungwa inogadzira mamiriro ekugezera pazviso zvewasher uye mazinga echloride anokurudzira gomba. Alloy 800 haina nemaune molybdenum yekuwedzera, inova ndiyo yekutanga alloying chinhu chepitting kuramba mu chloride media. Alloy 825 washers anopa izvo zveMo zvemukati zvinodiwa sevhisi iyi.
Ko NACE MR0175 kubvumidzwa kunorevei kuIncoloy 825 chikamu?
Zvinoreva kuti izvo zvinhu zvinosangana nezvinodiwa zveyakajairwa kupikisa sulfide kusagadzikana kupaza muH₂S-ine nharaunda mukati meiyo yakatsanangurwa chiyero chechiyero. Iyo haitsigire kuramba kugomba, kukoromoka, kana kurema-kurasikirwa nekuora. Chimwe chikamu chinogona kunge chiri MR0175 chinoenderana uye chichiri kutambura negomba mune yakakwira-chloride sour brine kana izvo zveMo uye mamiriro epasi zvisina kukodzera kune chaiwo mamiriro.
Iyo ASTM B423 inovhara Incoloy 825 washers?
Kwete ASTM B423 inovhara isina musono pombi uye chubhu muUNS N08825. Washers nemamwe mafomu emuchina anowanzo kutengwa achipokana nechitupa chinoratidza iyo UNS nhamba uye chemistry pane yechigadzirwa-fomu chiyero che washers. Chitupa chinofanira kusimbisa N08825 chemistry uye chero inodiwa NACE kutevedzera.
Nei kupedzisa kwepamusoro kune basa kune chikamu cheIncoloy musevhisi yechloride?
Makomba anotanga pakukanganisika kwepamusoro apo ma chlorides anonangana uye kuwanikwa kweokisijeni kunosiyana nekwakawanda kwezvakatipoteredza. Nzvimbo yakaomeswa nemichina, kupisa tint, kana zvakamisikidzwa zvimedu zvekunze zvinogadzira nzvimbo dzekutanga. Kune 825 mumvura yegungwa kana sour brine, kudoma nzvimbo yakachena, yakafambiswa zvakafanira panzvimbo yakavharwa uye yakatarisana nepakatsemuka inzira inoshanda yekutsigira kusimba kwegora remusanganiswa.
Kufananidza Alloy neSevhisi
Sarudzo pakati peIncoloy 825 uye 800 ye incoloy chikamu inofanira kutevedzera nzira huru yekudzikisira munzvimbo chaiyo yebasa. Kana ma chlorides, kuderedza acids, kana H₂S iripo uye chikamu chichashanda munzvimbo ine mvura kana yakanyorova, 825's molybdenum, mhangura, uye nickel zvemukati zvinogadzirisa izvo zvinotyisidzira. Kana iyo application iri yepamusoro-tembiricha oxidation, carburization, kana yakaoma muto sevhisi, 800 kana ayo epamusoro-simba akasiyana ndiyo mhuri yakakodzera.
Kune ma washer uye mamena emuchina musevhisi inoodza, sarudzo yekusarudza inofanirwawo kuverengera crevice geometry, kupedzwa kwepamusoro, uye ruzivo rwekugadzira rwunoona kana iyo alloy yakataurwa ichiita sezvakarongwa. Washer yakasimbiswa 825 ine kupera kwakashata kwepamusoro inogona kutadza musevhisi yechloride sezvakangoita 800 washer yakanyatsopedzwa haigoni kutsiva 825 panodiwa molybdenum.
Kuti uongorore zviripo zveIncoloy washer zvakatemwa, kusanganisira mamakisi ezvinyorwa, kushivirira, uye sarudzo dzekupedzisira, shanyira Incoloy washer chigadzirwa peji. Kune mamwe mafomu anopfuura mawashers, simbisa iyo ikozvino yekugadzira chiyero zvakananga usati wataura.
