I-Inconel Alloy Parts: i-625 kunye ne-718 ye-High-Temperature kunye ne-Corrosive Environments 

Xa injineli idwelisa i inxalenye ye-inconel kwisicelo esifunayo, i-Alloy 625 kunye ne-Alloy 718 zihlala zivela kuluhlu olufutshane olufanayo. Zombini ziyi-nickel-based superalloys ezinozinzo olubalaseleyo lobushushu obuphezulu. Zombini zixhathisa i-oxidation. Zombini ziyafumaneka kwibar, ipleyiti, kunye neefom eziphosiweyo. Nangona kunjalo zenzelwe iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokusilela, kwaye ukukhetha engalunganga kunokukhokelela kukonakala kwangaphambi kwexesha okanye icandelo eliyilwe ngokugqithisileyo elongeza iindleko ngaphandle kokongeza ubomi benkonzo.

Umahluko awukho malunga nokuba yeyiphi i-alloy "yomelele" okanye "i-corrosion resistant" ngokubanzi. Kumalunga nokuba yeyiphi na indlela yokomeleza ehambelana nesoyikiso esikhulu sokuthotywa kwesidima. I-Inconel 625 ixhomekeke kwisisombululo esiluqilima ekomelezeni ukuxhathisa ukubola kunye nozinzo olubanzi lobushushu. I-Inconel 718 isebenzisa ukuqina kwemvula ukufezekisa amandla aphezulu kakhulu, kodwa loo mandla anomgangatho wobushushu. Ukuqonda apho isilingi ihlala khona, kwaye kwenzeka ntoni ngaphaya kwayo, yindawo yokuqala kuyo yonke into inxalenye ye-inconel isigqibo sokukhetha.

Eli nqaku libhalelwe i-aerospace, i-petrochemical, kunye neenjineli zezixhobo zokushisa eziphezulu kunye nabathengi abafuna isakhelo sokukhetha esisebenzayo. Igxininisa kwingqiqo ye-metallurgical emva kwe-alloy nganye, iimeko zenkonzo ezixhasa enye kwenye, kunye neengqwalasela zokwenziwa ezigqiba ukuba i-alloy ekhankanyiweyo yenza njengoko kucetywayo.

Umahluko onguNdoqo: Isisombululo esiSiqina Sokomelezwa vs Ukuqina kwemvula

Eyona ndlela ilula yokwenza isakhelo umahluko yile: I-Inconel 625 ifumana amandla ayo kwinto enyibilikisiweyo kuyo; I-Inconel 718 ifumana amandla ayo kwinto ephuma kuyo.

I-Inconel 625 (UNS N06625) i-alloy eqinisiweyo eqinisiweyo. I-Molybdenum (8-10%) kunye ne-niobium (3.15-4.15%) zihlala zichithwa kwi-matrix ye-nickel-chromium, ukuphazamisa i-crystal lattice kunye nokuthintela ukunyakaza kwe-dislocation. Oku komeleza kukho kwimeko ebonelelweyo. Akukho nyango lokwaluphala olufunekayo. Iimpawu ezifanayo zokuqulunqa ezinika amandla-ingakumbi i-molybdenum ephezulu kunye nomxholo we-chromium-kwaye kuvelisa ukuxhathisa okungaqhelekanga kwe-alloy. I-Inconel 625, eneneni, i-corrosion alloy eyenzeka ukuba ibe namandla aluncedo, kunokuba i-alloy yamandla eyenzekayo ukuxhathisa ukubola.

I-Inconel 718 (UNS N07718) isebenza ngomgaqo ohlukileyo. I-Niobium (4.75-5.5%) idibanisa ne-nickel ngexesha lokuguga ukwenza i-gamma double prime (Ni₃Nb) i-precipitates, isebenze kunye ne-gamma prime (Ni₃Al / Ti) ukubonelela ngesiphumo sokuqala esomeleza. Kwimeko yonyango lwesisombululo, i-718 ithambile. Emva kokuguga, amandla esivuno sawo afikelela malunga ne-1000-1100 MPa ngokuxhomekeke kwifom yemveliso kunye neenkcukacha, xa kuthelekiswa ne-320-450 MPa eqhelekileyo ye-625.

I-Inconel 600, ngamanye amaxesha ihlanganiswe nala ma-alloys kwiingxoxo eziqhelekileyo ze-nickel-alloy, i-alloy ye-Ni-Cr ngaphandle kwe-molybdenum okanye izongezo ze-niobium ezichaza i-625 kunye ne-718.

Kweye inxalenye ye-inconel apho isongelo esiphambili yi-chloride pitting okanye ukuhlaselwa kwe-acidic, i-625's solid-solution chemistry yinzuzo efanelekileyo. Apho isongelo esiphambili kukukhathala okanye isivuno phantsi komthwalo ophezulu kwiqondo lokushisa eliphakathi, i-718's precipitation-hardened structure lukhetho olufanelekileyo. Inxalenye yeli nqaku iphonononga apho ezo meko zenzeka khona.

Njani iqondo lobushushu kunye neeMeko zokuMhlwa zigqiba ngoKhetho

I-Inconel 625: Inkonzo eLawulwe kukuMhlwa kunye neZakhiwo eziWelded

I-Inconel 625 yinkcazo engagqibekanga xa ukuchasana nokugqwala kuyeyona nto ithatha isigqibo. Umxholo wayo we-molybdenum ubonelela nge-pitting and crevice corrosion resistance in chloride-bearing environments, kunye ne-pitting resistance resistance number (PREN) iphezulu kakhulu kune-718 ngenxa yomxholo wayo ophezulu we-molybdenum. Kumanzi olwandle, imijelo yenkqubo ene-acidic, kunye nenkonzo yerhasi emuncu, oku kuxhathisa seso sizathu sokuba kukhethwe i-625 kunokuba kukhethwe amandla aphezulu. I-alloy isetyenziselwa ukuhamba kwe-subsea, izixhobo zokulungisa iikhemikhali ezibandakanya iivalve kunye nokutshintsha ubushushu, kunye neenkqubo zokukhupha amanzi olwandle.

Iqondo lokushisa le-625 lihlala lingaqondwa kakuhle. I-alloy igcina amandla aluncedo kunye nokumelana ne-oxidation ukuya malunga ne-980 ° C, kwaye eminye imithombo ikhankanya amaqondo okushisa ukuya kwi-1093 ° C kwiifom zemveliso ethile. Kodwa "amandla asebenzayo" kwi-980 ° C ayifani nomthamo ophezulu wokuthwala umthwalo obonelela nge-718 kumaqondo okushisa aphantsi. I-Inconel 625 kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu ikhethwa ukuchasana kwe-oxidation kunye nokuzinza kwesakhiwo, kungekhona kumandla okuvelisa phantsi komthwalo onzima.

Inzuzo yokwenza i-625 ibaluleke ngokulinganayo. I-alloy ingasetyenziselwa kwimeko ye-welded ngaphandle konyango lokushisa kwe-post-weld kwaye iyamelana ne-corrosion ye-intergranular nakwimeko edibeneyo. Kwizakhiwo ezidibeneyo, i-weld overlay cladding, kunye nezixhobo eziyinkimbinkimbi apho umjikelo wokuguga emva kwe-weld uza kuzisa ukugqwesa okanye ukongeza iindleko, olu lula luyinqobo yokukhetha. I-alloy isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo njenge-weld overlay kwi-carbon steel yenkonzo emuncu, apho i-cladding inika ukuxhathisa kwe-corrosion ngaphandle kokufuna unyango olushushu lwalo lonke icandelo.

I-Inconel 718: Inkonzo Elawulwa Ngamandla Ngaphantsi Kwefestile Yokuguga

I-Inconel 718 yeyona nto ibalaseleyo yoxinzelelo oluphezulu kwizicelo ezingaphantsi kwe-650 ° C. Iidiski ze-injini ye-injini ye-Jet, iziqhoboshi zokuqina okuphezulu, izixhobo ze-oyile kunye ne-gas downhole, kunye ne-rocket injini ye-turbopump zonke zixhomekeke kumandla we-718 ubudala. I-alloy's creep and stress-rupture performance igqwesileyo kolu luhlu.

Ngaphezulu kwelo qondo lokushisa, indlela yokomeleza iqala ukusilela. I-gamma double prime precipitates enika amandla e-718's coarsen kwaye iguqule kwisigaba se-delta kumaqondo obushushu ajikeleze i-650 ° C nangaphezulu, ebangela ukulahlekelwa kwamandla. Oku asikokwehla ngokuthe ngcembe okunokulawulwa ngokhuseleko. Lutshintsho lwesigaba olutshintsha ukuziphatha okusisiseko kwe-alloy. Kwinkonzo ezinzileyo ngaphezulu kwe-650-700 ° C, i-718 ayiselona khetho lufanelekileyo kwimihlaba yamandla, kungakhathaliseki ukuba yiyiphi impahla yegumbi lobushushu. Umda ophezulu ochanekileyo uxhomekeke kwinqanaba loxinzelelo kunye nobomi obufunekayo, kodwa umatshini ubeka umda osebenzayo ongenakuyilwa ngokungapheliyo.

I-Inconel 718 inoxhathiso oluluncedo ekumdleni. Ichasa i-oxidation kunye nemithombo yeendaba ezininzi ezinamanzi ngokufanelekileyo kwizicelo zesakhiwo. Kodwa kwi-chloride enobundlobongela okanye ukunciphisa i-asidi, umxholo wayo ophantsi we-molybdenum (2.8-3.3%) kunye nomxholo ophezulu wesinyithi wenza ukuba ungaphantsi kwe-625. inxalenye ye-inconel icaciswe kwi-718 yesicelo esidlisayo kusenokwenzeka ukuba ichazwe ngaphezulu kumandla kwaye icaciswe ngaphantsi kokuxhathisa umhlwa. Ingqiqo yokukhetha kufuneka ilandele imowudi yokungaphumeleli ephezulu, kungekhona ukhetho jikelele "lokusebenza okuphezulu" i-alloy.

Iifom zeCandelo le-Inconel eqhelekileyo kunye nalapho i-alloy nganye ingena khona

Imizimba yeValve kunye neMichiza yoLungiso lweMichiza

Ekusetyenzweni kweekhemikhali, imizimba yevalvu kunye namalungu angaphakathi ajongana nendibaniselwano yemithombo yeendaba eyonakalisayo, ukuhamba okukhukulisekayo, kunye neemfuno zokutywinwa komphezulu. Xa inkqubo yomlambo iqulethe i-chlorides, ukunciphisa i-acids, okanye ukupholisa kwamanzi olwandle, i-Inconel 625 yinkcazo efanelekileyo. Isiqulatho sayo se-molybdenum sijongana nemingxuma kunye nokukhula kwemingxuma kwiiflange kunye nobuso obutywiniweyo, kunye nokusebenziseka kwayo njenge-welded kwenza lula ukwenziwa kweejiyometri ezintsonkothileyo zevalvu.

I-Inconel 718 ibonakala kwinkonzo yeekhemikhali ngokuyintloko kwi-high-pressure fasteners kunye ne-structural components apho amandla ayimfuneko elawulayo, kunokuba kwiindawo ezimanzi ezivezwe kwi-chemistry enobudlova. Kweye inxalenye ye-inconel odibanisa zombini imisebenzi-icandelo eliphezulu-stress ekwanxibelelana namajelo corrosive-ukhetho kunokufuna compromise okanye i-alloy eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo.

Inqaku lokuqinisekisa: Amaphepha eemveliso zangoku zewebhusayithi agubungela i-Inconel 600 kunye ne-Inconel 718. Ukufumaneka kweengxenye ze-Inconel 625 kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ngaphambi kokuchaza i-625 njengento enikeziweyo.

Amatywina e-Turbine, iiDiskhi, kunye nezahlulo eziJikelezayo zoxinzelelo oluphezulu

Kwi-aerospace kunye nosetyenziso lweijini yerhasi, i-718 yinto engagqibekanga kwiidiski zeinjini yomoya, iidiski zokucinezela, iishafti, kunye nezixhobo ezimileyo ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu ezisebenza ngaphantsi kwe-650°C. Ukudibanisa kwe-alloy yamandla aphezulu esivuno, ukuxhathisa ukukhathala, kunye nokukwazi ukuxinzelela uxinzelelo kolu luhlu lweqondo lokushisa kunzima ukubuyisela. Iitywina ze-turbine ezifumana imithwalo ephezulu yoqhagamshelwano kunye nokuhamba ngebhayisikile eshushu zihlala zicaciswa kwi-718 xa ubuso betywina bungavezwanga kuhlaselo oluyingozi olunoburharha.

I-Inconel 625 ibonakala kwiinkqubo zokukhupha i-injini, i-ducting, kunye namacandelo apho ukuxhathisa kwe-oxidation kunye nokumelana nokugqwala kubaluleke kakhulu kunomthwalo wokuthwala. Ukhetho phakathi kwezi zimbini kwimekobume yeinjini yeinjini ngokuqhelekileyo lulandela umbuzo ocacileyo: ingaba inxalenye ikakhulu yindlela yokwakhiwa komthwalo, okanye ikakhulu icandelo lesithintelo kunye nendlela yokuhamba? Eyokuqala ithanda ama-718; owesibini uthanda 625.

Ii-Manifolds, iFasteners, kunye ne-Exhaust Components

Izibophelelo zi a classic 718 isicelo. Ukulayishwa kwangaphambili okuphezulu, ukuchasana nokuphumla koxinzelelo, kunye nokuchasana nokukhathala phantsi komthwalo we-cyclic yimfuneko yokulawula, kunye namandla angama-718 ubudala kunye nokusebenza koxinzelelo-ukuphazamiseka ngokuthe ngqo. Ubushushu obuphezulu obudityanisiweyo obudityanisiweyo obuchazwe ku-625 bunokufuna isibophelelo esikhulu okanye ukulayisha kwangaphambili okusezantsi ukuphumeza ukusebenza okulinganayo, ukongeza ubunzima kunye nobunzima.

I-exhaust manifolds kunye nezinto ezifanayo zibonisa imeko entsonkothileyo. Ukuba iqondo lokushisa elisebenzayo lihlala lingaphantsi kwe-650 ° C kwaye indawo engqongileyo i-oxidizing kodwa ayidli kakhulu, i-718 yinto efanelekileyo yokukhetha. Ukuba umlambo wokukhupha uqulethe i-chloride-bearing condensates okanye iintlobo ze-acidic, i-625 ye-corrosion resistance ingaba ngaphezu kwe-718 yamandla anamandla. Isigqibo kufuneka sisekelwe kwi-chemistry yegesi yangempela kunye nobushushu bensimbi, kungekhona kwingcinga jikelele yokuba amandla aphezulu ahlala ekhethwa.

Imiceli mngeni yoKwakha kunye nokuphosa: 625 vs 718

Machining Ukuziphatha

Zombini ii-alloys zinzima kumatshini xa kuthelekiswa neentsimbi ezingenasici, kodwa ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo. I-Inconel 625 ekwimeko efakiweyo i-gummy kwaye isebenza ngokukhawuleza. Iichips zinde kwaye zineentambo, ukunxiba kwesixhobo kuyakhawuleza, kwaye izinto zithanda ukutyhala zisuka kumphetho wokucheba ngokucocekileyo. Ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezibukhali, ukupholisa koxinzelelo oluphezulu, kunye neefidi ezigcinayo zibalulekile ukunqanda umaleko oqinileyo womphezulu odibanisa imisebenzi elandelayo.

I-Inconel 718 iqhele ukwenziwa ngoomatshini kwisisombululo sonyango okanye imeko yobudala, emva koko ibe mdala emva komatshini. Ubunzima bayo obuphezulu buthetha ukunxitywa kwesixhobo yeyona nto iphambili, kodwa ukwenziwa kwetshiphu kuqikelelwa ngakumbi kwaye ulawulo lomda ngokuqhelekileyo lungcono kune-625. Indlela esebenzayo kwabaninzi inxalenye ye-inconel ukuvelisa kumatshini orhabaxa okwimeko ethambileyo, ubudala, emva koko ugqibezele umatshini kunye nezibonelelo zotshintsho oluphakathi oluveliswa kukuguga.

Ukuwelda kunye noNyango lwe-Post-Weld

I-Inconel 625 inokudityaniswa kwaye ibekwe kwinkonzo ngaphandle konyango lobushushu be-post-weld, kwaye i-alloy iyamelana ne-intergranular corrosion nakwimeko edibeneyo. Le yinzuzo yokwenyani yokwenziwa kweendibano ezinkulu okanye ezintsonkothileyo apho umjikelo wokuguga wasemva kwe-weld ungenakusebenza okanye ungenise ukugqwetheka. I-alloy iphinda isetyenziswe ngokubanzi njenge-weld overlay yokukhusela i-corrosion, ifakwe kwi-carbon steel okanye i-substrates ye-alloy ephantsi ngaphandle kokufuna unyango olushushu lwecandelo eligqityiweyo.

I-Inconel 718 i-weldable, kodwa amacandelo adibeneyo afuna ngokubanzi ukuguga emva kwe-weld ukubuyisela amandla kwindawo ye-weld kunye nobushushu obuchaphazelekayo. Inkqubo ye-welding ngokwayo inokuvelisa i-microstructure efana ne-cast kunye nokwahlula okuchaphazela impendulo yokuguga elandelayo. Kwizakhiwo ze-welded 718, umjikelo wonyango lobushushu uba yinxalenye yendlela ebalulekileyo yokuvelisa, hayi inyathelo lokugqiba elikhethiweyo.

Ukuphosa Iingqwalasela

Zombini ii-alloys zinokufakwa kutyalo-mali, kodwa iimfuno zolawulo lwenkqubo ziyahluka. I-Inconel 718 iqulethe i-niobium eyaneleyo ukuba isigaba seLaves sinokusenza ngexesha lokuqina. Esi sigaba siyingozi kwiipropati zemishini kwaye kufuneka ichithwe ngonyango lwesisombululo ngaphambi kokuguga. Ukuphathwa kobushushu obuqhelekileyo be-cast 718, njengoko kuchazwe kwi-AMS 5383, kubandakanya i-homogenization elandelwa unyango lwesisombululo kunye nomjikelo wokuguga wamanyathelo amabini. Inkqubo yokuphosa kunye neshedyuli yokunyanga ukushisa kwe-718 kufuneka yenziwe njengenkqubo edibeneyo, kungekhona njengemisebenzi eyahlukileyo. I-Inconel 625 ixolela ngakumbi ekuphoseni, nangona ulawulo lolwahlulo kumacandelo ashinyeneyo luhlala lubalulekile.

Kweye inxalenye ye-inconel efuna zombini ukuphosa kunye namandla aphezulu, unyango lobushushu lwe-718 luyingxenye ebalulekileyo yokufezekisa iipropati ezichaziweyo. Icandelo le-718 elingakhange lifumane isisombululo esichanekileyo-kunye-ubudala bonyango aluyi kuhambisa amandla abonisa ukutyunjwa kwe-alloy.

Uluhlu loQinisekiso lokuKhetha

Olu luhlu lulandelayo lwenzelwe ukusetyenziswa phambi kwekowuteshini okanye ukuphononongwa koyilo, njengendlela yokuqinisekisa ukuba ukhetho lwe-alloy luhambelana nemfuno ephambili yenkonzo.

I-800–900 MPa threshold kule theyibhile ngumahluko obonakalayo phakathi kwamandla esivuno esiqhelekileyo se-625 kunye ne-718 yobudala. Ukukhethwa kwezinto zokugqibela kufuneka kusekelwe kwiimfuno ezichanekileyo zoyilo kunye nemigangatho esebenzayo kwizinto ezithile inxalenye ye-inconel.

FAQ

Ngaba i-Inconel 718 yomelele kune-625 kuwo onke amaqondo obushushu?
No. 718’s power advantage ixhomekeke kwigamma double prime precipitates ezihlala zizinzile ngaphantsi kwe650°C. Ngaphezulu kwelo qondo lobushushu, imvula irhabaxa kwaye iyaguquka, kwaye inzuzo yamandla iyancipha. Ukuqiniswa kwe-Inconel 625's solid-solution-solution ayixhomekanga kwi-precipitate phase kwaye ihlala isebenza kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu, nangona ikwinqanaba elisezantsi lamandla apheleleyo.

Ngaba i-Inconel 625 inokuba mdala ukuze itshatise amandla e-718?
Inombolo ye-Inconel 625 ayinayo i-titanium, i-aluminiyam, kunye nebhalansi ye-niobium efunekayo kwimpendulo enzima yemvula. Amandla ayo avela kwi-molybdenum kunye ne-niobium kwisisombululo esiqinileyo, kwaye unyango lokuguga aluvelisi i-gamma ephindwe kabini i-precipitates eyomeleza i-718.

Yeyiphi i-alloy engcono kusetyenziso lwamanzi olwandle?
I-Inconel 625. Umxholo wayo we-molybdenum ubonelela nge-pitting kunye ne-crevice corrosion resistance kunye ne-PREN ephezulu kakhulu kune-718, kwaye iphawulwe ngokukodwa ngenkonzo yamanzi olwandle kuquka imibhobho, ukufakwa, kunye namalungu olwandle. I-Inconel 718 inokumelana ne-corrosion okwaneleyo kwiindawo ezininzi kodwa ayisiyiyo inketho ekhethwayo yenkonzo yekloride enobundlobongela.

Kutheni i-Inconel 718 ifuna unyango lokuguga?
Kwimeko yokulungiswa kwesisombululo, i-718 ye-alloying elements ihlala ininzi kwisisombululo kwaye i-alloy ithambile. Ukuguga kwandisa i-gamma double prime (Ni₃Nb), ethintela ukuhamba kwe-dislocation kwaye ivelise amandla aphezulu apho i-alloy ichaziwe. Ngaphandle kokuguga, inxalenye ye-718 ayiphumeleli kwiipropati zayo ezijoliswe kuyo.

Ngaba zombini ii-alloys zinokufakwa kutyalo-mali?
Ewe. Zombini zinokuveliswa ngokufakwa kotyalo-mali. I-Inconel 718 casting idinga unyango lwesisombululo sokunyibilikisa isigaba seLaves esakhiwe ngexesha lokuqina, kulandelwa ukuguga ukuphuhlisa amandla. Ukunyangwa kobushushu yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yenkqubo yokuvelisa, kungekhona inyathelo lokuzikhethela. Ukuphosa kwe-Inconel 625 kuxolele ngakumbi, nangona ulawulo localucalulo luhlala lubalulekile kumacandelo ashinyeneyo.

Inyathelo elilandelayo: Tshatisa iNdlela yokuSebenza kunye neNdlela yokuSilela

Ukhetho phakathi kwe-Inconel 625 kunye ne-718 ye inxalenye ye-inconel Kufuneka ilandele umbuzo omnye wolungiselelo: yintoni eyona ndlela ibalaseleyo yokuthotywa kwesidima? Ukuba i-corrosion-i-pitting, i-crevice attack, i-acidic okanye i-chloride-bearing media-yiyoyikiso ethembekileyo, i-625's solid-solution chemistry kunye nomxholo we-molybdenum ilungisa ngokuthe ngqo, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwayo njenge-welded kwenza kube lula ukwenza. Ukuba uxinzelelo oluphezulu, ukukhathala, okanye isivuno phantsi komthwalo ongaphantsi kwe-650 ° C yimfuno elawulayo, amandla e-718's precipitation-hardened yinkcazo efanelekileyo, ngaphandle kokuba isilingi yobushushu iyahlonishwa.

Kwizicelo apho zombini i-corrosion kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu zikhona, akukho ngxubevange iyimpendulo yendalo yonke. Uvavanyo kufuneka luvavanye iziphumo zokungaphumeleli komhlwa ngokuchasene neziphumo zokusilela koomatshini, kwaye luthathele ingqalelo ukuba imathiriyeli eyahlukileyo okanye indlela yokhuselo lomphezulu inokujongana neemfuneko zombini ngokufanelekileyo.

Ukujongwa kwakhona Inxalenye yenkcazelo engafakwanga, kuquka i-Inconel 600 kunye ne-Inconel 718 ulwazi lwemveliso, tyelela amaphepha afanelekileyo emveliso. Kwicandelo le-Inconel 625 okanye i-custom cast kunye nezinto ezenziwe ngoomatshini kuyo nayiphi na i-alloy, qinisekisa umda wangoku wokuvelisa kunye namandla onyango lobushushu ngokuthe ngqo phambi kokuba uchaze.