Mbali za Inconel Alloy: 625 ndi 718 za Kutentha Kwambiri ndi Malo Owononga 

Pamene injiniya akulemba mndandanda wa gawo la inconel pakugwiritsa ntchito movutikira, Aloyi 625 ndi Aloyi 718 nthawi zambiri amawonekera pamndandanda womwewo. Onsewa ndi ma superalloys opangidwa ndi faifi okhala ndi kukhazikika kwapamwamba kwambiri. Onse amakana oxidation. Zonsezi zimapezeka mu bar, mbale, ndi mafomu oponyedwa. Komabe amapangidwira mitundu yosiyanasiyana yolephera, ndipo kusankha yolakwika kungayambitse dzimbiri msanga kapena chinthu chopangidwa mopitilira muyeso chomwe chimawonjezera mtengo popanda kuwonjezera moyo wantchito.

Kusiyanitsa sikukutanthauza kuti aloyi ndi ati "champhamvu" kapena "chosachita dzimbiri" munjira zambiri. Ndi momwe njira yolimbikitsira ikufanana ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu cha kuwonongeka. Inconel 625 imadalira kulimbikitsa yankho lolimba pakukana kwa dzimbiri komanso kukhazikika kwa kutentha. Inconel 718 imagwiritsa ntchito kuuma kwa mvula kuti ipeze mphamvu zambiri, koma mphamvuzo zimakhala ndi denga la kutentha. Kumvetsetsa komwe denga limakhala, ndi zomwe zimachitika kupitilira apo, ndiye poyambira kwa aliyense gawo la inconel chisankho chosankha.

Nkhaniyi idalembedwera akatswiri opanga ndege, petrochemical, ndi zida zotentha kwambiri komanso ogula omwe amafunikira dongosolo losankhira ntchito. Imayang'ana pamalingaliro azitsulo kumbuyo kwa aloyi iliyonse, momwe ntchitoyo imakondera ina kuposa imzake, ndi malingaliro opanga omwe amatsimikizira ngati alloy yomwe yatchulidwayo ikugwira ntchito momwe ikufunira.

Kusiyana Kwapakati: Kulimbitsa Kwambiri Kuthetsa Kulimbitsira Kulimbana ndi Kuuma kwa Mvula

Njira yosavuta yopangira kusiyana ndi iyi: Inconel 625 imapeza mphamvu kuchokera ku zomwe zimasungunuka mmenemo; Inconel 718 imapeza mphamvu kuchokera kuzomwe zimatulukamo.

Inconel 625 (UNS N06625) ndi aloyi yolimba yokhazikika. Molybdenum (8-10%) ndi niobium (3.15-4.15%) amakhalabe kusungunuka mu matrix a nickel-chromium, kusokoneza crystal lattice ndi kulepheretsa kusuntha. Kulimbitsa uku kulipo mu chikhalidwe chomwe chimaperekedwa. Palibe mankhwala okalamba omwe amafunikira. Zomwezo zomwe zimapereka mphamvu - makamaka kuchuluka kwa molybdenum ndi chromium - zimapanganso kukana kwa dzimbiri kwa alloy. Inconel 625 kwenikweni ndi alloy corrosion alloy yomwe imakhala ndi mphamvu zothandiza, osati mphamvu ya alloy yomwe imachitika kuti zisawonongeke.

Inconel 718 (UNS N07718) imagwira ntchito ndi mfundo ina. Niobium (4.75-5.5%) imaphatikizana ndi nickel paukalamba kupanga gamma double prime (Ni₃Nb) precipitates, ikugwira ntchito limodzi ndi gamma prime (Ni₃Al/Ti) kuti ipereke chilimbikitso choyambirira. Munthawi yothandizidwa ndi yankho, 718 ndi yofewa. Pambuyo pa ukalamba, mphamvu zake zokolola zimafika pafupifupi 1000-1100 MPa malingana ndi mawonekedwe a mankhwala ndi ndondomeko, poyerekeza ndi 320-450 MPa ya 625 yowonjezereka.

Inconel 600, yomwe nthawi zina imaphatikizidwa ndi ma alloys awa muzokambirana za nickel-alloy, ndi alloy Ni-Cr popanda zowonjezera za molybdenum kapena niobium zomwe zimatanthawuza 625 ndi 718. Kulimbitsa kwake ndi kukana kwa dzimbiri ndizochepa kwambiri, ndipo zimakhala kunja kwa kufananitsa uku.

Za a gawo la inconel pomwe chiwopsezo chachikulu ndi kuponya kwa chloride kapena kuwukira kwa acidic, 625's solid-solution chemistry ndiye mwayi woyenera. Kumene chiwopsezo chachikulu ndi kutopa kapena zokolola pansi pa katundu wambiri pa kutentha pang'ono, mawonekedwe olimba a 718 ndi chisankho choyenera. Nkhani yonseyi ikuwunika komwe mikhalidwe imeneyi imachitika.

Momwe Kutentha ndi Kuwonongeka Kumapangira Kusankha

Inconel 625: Utumiki Wowongoleredwa ndi Corrosion ndi Mapangidwe Owotcherera

Inconel 625 ndiye chikhazikitso chosasinthika pomwe kukana kwa dzimbiri ndiko kusankha. Zomwe zili ndi molybdenum zimapereka kukana kwa dzimbiri komanso kutsekeka kwa dzimbiri m'malo okhala ndi chloride, okhala ndi nambala yofanana ndi pitting resistance (PREN) yokwera kwambiri kuposa ya 718 chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwake kwa molybdenum. M'madzi a m'nyanja, mitsinje ya acidic process, ndi ntchito ya gasi wowawasa, kukana uku ndichifukwa chake 625 imasankhidwa m'malo mosankha njira yamphamvu kwambiri. Aloyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa nyanja zam'madzi, zida zopangira mankhwala kuphatikiza ma valve ndi osinthanitsa kutentha, ndi machitidwe otulutsa madzi am'madzi.

Kutentha kwa kutentha kwa 625 nthawi zambiri sikumveka bwino. Aloyiyo imakhalabe ndi mphamvu zothandiza komanso kukana kwa okosijeni pafupifupi 980 ° C, ndipo magwero ena amatchula kutentha kwa ntchito mpaka 1093 ° C pamitundu inayake yazinthu. Koma "mphamvu zothandiza" pa 980 ° C sizofanana ndi mphamvu yonyamula katundu yomwe 718 imapereka pa kutentha kochepa. Inconel 625 pa kutentha kwakukulu imasankhidwa kuti ikanize makutidwe ndi okosijeni ndi kukhazikika kwadongosolo, osati chifukwa cha mphamvu zokolola pansi pa katundu wolemetsa.

Ubwino wopanga 625 ndiwofunikiranso. Aloyi angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati-welded chikhalidwe popanda pambuyo kuwotcherera kutentha mankhwala ndi kugonjetsedwa ndi intergranular dzimbiri ngakhale welded chikhalidwe. Pazinthu zowotcherera, zokutira zokutira zowotcherera, ndi zopangira zovuta zomwe kukalamba pambuyo pa kuwotcherera kumatha kuyambitsa kupotoza kapena kuwonjezera mtengo, kuphweka uku ndi njira yosankha yoyenera. Aloyi nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kuwotcherera pazitsulo za carbon zitsulo zowawasa, pomwe zophimbazo zimapereka kukana kwa dzimbiri popanda kufunikira kutentha kwa chigawo chonsecho.

Inconel 718: Utumiki Wolamulidwa ndi Mphamvu Pansi pa Zenera Lokalamba

Inconel 718 ndiye superalloy yodziwika bwino pamapulogalamu opanikizika kwambiri omwe ali pansi pa 650 ° C. Ma disks a injini ya jet, zomangira zolimba kwambiri, zida zogwetsera mafuta ndi gasi, ndi ma turbopump a injini ya roketi zonse zimadalira mphamvu zazaka za 718. Kuthamanga kwa alloy ndi kupsinjika-kuphulika kwakuchita bwino mumtundu uwu.

Pamwamba pa kutentha kumeneku, njira yolimbikitsira imayamba kulephera. Ma gamma double prime precipitates omwe amapereka mphamvu za 718 kulimba ndikusintha mpaka gawo la delta pa kutentha kozungulira 650 ° C ndi kupitilira apo, kupangitsa kutaya mphamvu. Uku sikutsika pang'onopang'ono komwe kungathe kuyendetsedwa ndi chitetezo. Ndi kusintha kwa gawo komwe kumasintha chikhalidwe cha alloy. Pantchito yokhazikika pamwamba pa 650-700 ° C, 718 sichirinso chisankho choyenera pazifukwa zamphamvu, mosasamala kanthu za kutentha kwa chipinda. Malire apamwamba enieni amadalira msinkhu wa kupsinjika maganizo ndi moyo wofunikira, koma makinawa amaika malire othandiza omwe sangapangidwe mozungulira mpaka kalekale.

Inconel 718 ili ndi kukana kwa dzimbiri kothandiza. Imakana makutidwe ndi okosijeni ndi media zambiri zamadzimadzi mokwanira kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito pamapangidwe. Koma m'malo ovuta kwambiri a kloridi kapena kuchepetsa asidi, kutsika kwake kwa molybdenum (2.8-3.3%) ndi chitsulo chochuluka kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yolimba kuposa 625. gawo la inconel zomwe zafotokozedwa mu 718 kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito ndi dzimbiri zimachulukitsidwa mochulukira pa mphamvu ndipo sizidziwika bwino pakukana kwa dzimbiri. Lingaliro losankhira liyenera kutsata njira yolephereka kwambiri, osati zokonda zamtundu wa "higher performance" alloy.

Ma Fomu Odziwika a Inconel Part ndi Komwe Aloyi Iliyonse Ikwanira

Ma Valve Bodies ndi Chemical Processing Components

Pokonza mankhwala, ma valavu ndi zida zamkati zimakumana ndi zinthu zowononga zowononga, kutuluka kwamadzi, komanso kufuna kusindikiza pamwamba. Pamene ndondomekoyi ili ndi ma chloride, kuchepetsa ma acid, kapena kuziziritsa kwa madzi a m'nyanja, Inconel 625 ndiyomwe ili yoyenera. Zomwe zili mu molybdenum zimayang'ana kuphulika ndi kuphulika kwa ming'alu pa ma flanges ndi nkhope zomata, ndipo kugwiritsira ntchito kwake kumathandizira kupanga ma geometri ovuta.

Inconel 718 imawoneka mu ntchito yamankhwala makamaka mu zomangira zolimba kwambiri ndi zigawo zamapangidwe pomwe mphamvu ndizofunikira zolamulira, osati m'malo onyowa omwe ali ndi chemistry yowopsa. Za a gawo la inconel zomwe zimaphatikiza ntchito zonse ziwiri - gawo lopanikizika kwambiri lomwe limalumikizananso ndi media zowononga - kusankha kungafunike kusagwirizana kapena aloyi yosiyana kwathunthu.

Chidziwitso chotsimikizira: Masamba amakono a webusaitiyi akuphimba Inconel 600 ndi Inconel 718. Kupezeka kwa magawo a Inconel 625 kuyenera kutsimikiziridwa musanatchule 625 ngati zinthu zomwe zaperekedwa.

Zisindikizo za Turbine, Ma Diski, ndi Magawo Ozungulira Opanikizika Kwambiri

Muzamlengalenga ndi makina opangira gasi, 718 ndiyosakhazikika pa ma turbine discs, ma compressor disc, ma shafts, ndi zida zolimba kwambiri zomwe zimagwira ntchito pansi pa 650°C. Kuphatikizika kwa alloy kwa mphamvu zokolola zambiri, kukana kutopa, komanso kupsinjika kwapang'onopang'ono pakutentha kumeneku kumakhala kovuta kusintha. Zisindikizo za Turbine zomwe zimakhala ndi kukhudzana kwambiri komanso kuyendetsa njinga zotentha nthawi zambiri zimatchulidwa mu 718 pamene nkhope za chisindikizo sizikukhudzidwa ndi kuwononga koopsa.

Inconel 625 imawoneka mu makina otulutsa injini, ma ducting, ndi zigawo zomwe kukana kwa okosijeni ndi kukana kwa dzimbiri ndizofunikira kwambiri kuposa kunyamula katundu. Kusankha pakati pa ziwirizi m'malo opangira makina opangira magetsi nthawi zambiri kumatsatira funso lomveka bwino: kodi gawoli ndi njira yolemetsa, kapena gawo lotsekera ndikuyenda? Woyamba amakonda 718; yachiwiri imakonda 625.

Manifolds, Fasteners, ndi Exhaust Components

Zomangira ndi pulogalamu yapamwamba ya 718. Kudzaza kwambiri, kukana kupumula kupsinjika, komanso kukana kutopa pansi pa kukweza kwapang'onopang'ono ndizofunika zolamulira, ndipo mphamvu za 718 za okalamba ndi kupsinjika kwapang'onopang'ono kumawongolera mwachindunji. Mgwirizano wotentha kwambiri wotchulidwa mu 625 ungafunike chomangira chokulirapo kapena chotsitsa chocheperako kuti chikwaniritse ntchito yofananira, kuwonjezera kulemera ndi zovuta.

Kuchuluka kwa utsi ndi zigawo zofananira zikuwonetsa vuto lambiri. Ngati kutentha kwa ntchito kumakhalabe pansi pa 650 ° C ndipo chilengedwe ndi oxidizing koma sichikuwononga kwambiri, 718 ndi chisankho choyenera. Ngati mtsinje wotopa uli ndi ma condensates okhala ndi chloride kapena mitundu ya acidic, kukana kwa dzimbiri kwa 625 kumatha kupitilira mphamvu ya 718. Chigamulocho chiyenera kukhazikitsidwa pa chemistry yeniyeni ya gasi ndi kutentha kwachitsulo, osati poganiza kuti mphamvu zapamwamba nthawi zonse zimakhala zabwino.

Zovuta Zopanga ndi Zoponya: 625 vs 718

Machining Khalidwe

Ma aloyi onsewa ndi ovuta kupanga makina poyerekeza ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri, koma pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Inconel 625 yomwe ili mu annealed ndi gummy ndipo imagwira ntchito mwachangu. Ma chips ndi aatali komanso azingwe, kuvala kwa zida kumafulumizitsa, ndipo zinthuzo zimakonda kukankhira kutali m'malo mometa bwino. Kugwiritsira ntchito zida zakuthwa, zoziziritsa kukhosi kwambiri, komanso ma feed osamala ndizofunikira kuti tipewe kusanjikiza kolimba komwe kumapangitsa kuti maopaleshoni azichitika.

Inconel 718 nthawi zambiri imapangidwa ndi njira yothetsera vuto kapena ukalamba pang'ono, kenako imakalamba pambuyo popanga. Kuuma kwake kwakukulu kumatanthawuza kuvala kwa zida ndizofunikira kwambiri, koma mapangidwe a chip ndi odziwikiratu ndipo kuwongolera kwazithunzi kumakhala bwinoko kuposa 625. Ngati gawo liri lokalamba musanapange makina omaliza, kuuma kumawonjezeka kwambiri ndipo makina amakhala ovuta kwambiri. Njira zothandiza ambiri gawo la inconel kupanga ndi makina akhakula mu chikhalidwe chofewa, zaka, ndiye kumaliza makina ndi malipiro a dimensional kusintha kuti ukalamba umatulutsa.

Kuwotcherera ndi Chithandizo cha Post-Weld

Inconel 625 imatha kuwotcherera ndikuyikidwa muutumiki popanda chithandizo cha kutentha kwapambuyo-weld, ndipo aloyiyo imalimbana ndi dzimbiri la intergranular ngakhale mutakhala ndi welded. Uwu ndi mwayi wopangira zopangira zazikulu kapena zovuta zomwe kukalamba pambuyo pa weld sikungakhale kosatheka kapena kungayambitse kusokonekera. Aloyi amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri monga kuwotcherera pamwamba chitetezo dzimbiri, ntchito pa carbon zitsulo kapena m'munsi aloyi gawo lapansi popanda kutentha kutentha chigawo chomalizidwa.

Inconel 718 ndi yowotcherera, koma zida zowotcherera nthawi zambiri zimafunikira kukalamba pambuyo pa kuwotcherera kuti zibwezeretse mphamvu pamalo omwe amakhudzidwa ndi kutentha. Njira yowotcherera yokha imatha kupanga mawonekedwe owoneka ngati ma microstructure ndi tsankho lomwe limakhudza kuyankha kokalamba kotsatira. Pazinthu zowotcherera 718, kutentha kwa kutentha kumakhala gawo la njira yopangira, osati njira yomaliza.

Malingaliro a Kupereka

Ma alloys onsewa amatha kuponyedwa ndalama, koma zofunikira zowongolera njira zimasiyana. Inconel 718 ili ndi niobium yokwanira yomwe Laves gawo lingapange panthawi yolimba. Gawoli limawononga zinthu zamakina ndipo liyenera kusungunuka kudzera mu njira yothetsera ukalamba. Chithandizo chokhazikika cha kutentha kwa cast 718, monga tafotokozera mu AMS 5383, chimaphatikizapo kugwirizanitsa ma homogenization ndikutsatiridwa ndi chithandizo chamankhwala ndi kukalamba kwa magawo awiri. Ndondomeko yoponya ndi kutentha kwa 718 iyenera kupangidwa ngati njira yophatikizira, osati ngati ntchito zosiyana. Inconel 625 imakhululukira kwambiri pakuponya, ngakhale kuwongolera tsankho m'magawo okhuthala kumakhalabe kofunikira.

Za a gawo la inconel zomwe zimafuna kuponyedwa komanso mphamvu yayikulu, chithandizo cha kutentha kwa 718 ndi gawo lofunikira pakukwaniritsa zomwe zatchulidwa. Chigawo cha 718 chomwe sichinalandire chithandizo choyenera cha zaka ndi zaka sichingapereke mphamvu zomwe aloyi akutanthauza.

Mndandanda Wotsimikizira Kusankhidwa

Mndandanda wotsatirawu udapangidwa kuti ugwiritsidwe ntchito musanatchulidwe kapena kuwunikiranso kapangidwe kake, monga njira yotsimikizira kuti kusankha kwa alloy kumagwirizana ndi zomwe zimafunikira pautumiki.

The 800–900 MPa poyambira pa tebulo ili ndi kusiyana kothandiza pakati pa mphamvu zokolola za annealed 625 ndi zaka 718. Si malire. Kusankhidwa kwa zinthu zomaliza kuyenera kutengera zomwe zimafunikira pamapangidwe ndi miyeso yoyenera pazomwe zili gawo la inconel.

FAQ

Kodi Inconel 718 ndi yamphamvu kuposa 625 pa kutentha konse?
Mphamvu ya No. 718 imadalira ma gamma double prime precipitates omwe amakhala okhazikika pansi pafupifupi 650 ° C. Pamwamba pa kutenthako, madziwo amaundana ndikusintha, ndipo mphamvu yake imachepa. Inconel 625's solid-solution kulimbikitsa sikudalira gawo la mpweya ndipo imakhalabe yogwira ntchito pamatenthedwe apamwamba, ngakhale pamlingo wotsika kwambiri.

Kodi Inconel 625 ikhoza kukhala yokalamba kuti ifanane ndi mphamvu za 718?
No. Inconel 625 ilibe titaniyamu, aluminiyamu, ndi niobium yokwanira yofunikira kuti mvula iwumitse kwambiri. Mphamvu zake zimachokera ku molybdenum ndi niobium mu njira yolimba, ndipo chithandizo cha ukalamba sichitulutsa mpweya wa gamma womwe umalimbitsa 718.

Ndi aloyi iti yomwe ili yabwino pakugwiritsa ntchito madzi am'nyanja?
Inconel 625. Zomwe zili mu molybdenum zimapereka kukana kwa dzimbiri ndi PREN yapamwamba kwambiri kuposa 718, ndipo imadziwika kuti ndi ntchito yamadzi am'nyanja kuphatikiza mapaipi, zopangira, ndi zida zam'madzi. Inconel 718 ili ndi kukana kokwanira kwa dzimbiri m'malo ambiri koma si chisankho chomwe chimakondedwa pa ntchito yaukali ya chloride.

Chifukwa chiyani Inconel 718 imafuna chithandizo cha ukalamba?
M'malo otetezedwa, ma alloying a 718 amakhalabe munjira ndipo aloyi ndi yofewa. Kukalamba kumapangitsa gamma double prime (Ni₃Nb), yomwe imalepheretsa kusuntha kwapang'onopang'ono ndikupanga mphamvu yayikulu yomwe aloyi imatchulidwa. Popanda ukalamba, gawo la 718 silikwaniritsa zomwe akufuna kuchita.

Kodi ma alloys onsewa atha kukhala ndalama zoponyedwa?
Inde. Onse akhoza kupangidwa ndi kuponya ndalama. Kuponyedwa kwa Inconel 718 kumafuna chithandizo chamankhwala kuti asungunuke gawo la Laves lomwe limapangidwa panthawi yolimba, ndikutsatiridwa ndi ukalamba kuti ukhale wamphamvu. Kuchiza kutentha ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pakupanga, osati sitepe yosankha. Kutulutsa kwa Inconel 625 ndikokhululuka pang'ono, ngakhale kuwongolera tsankho kumakhalabe kofunikira pazigawo zazikuluzikulu.

Khwerero Chotsatira: Fananizani Njira ndi Njira Yolephereka

Kusankha pakati pa Inconel 625 ndi 718 pa gawo la inconel ayenera kutsatira funso limodzi lokonzekera: ndi njira yotani yochepetsera anthu? Ngati dzimbiri-pitting, crevice attack, acidic kapena chloride-bearing media-ndizowopsa, 625's solid-solution chemistry ndi molybdenum zimayilankhula mwachindunji, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito kwake monga welded kumathandizira kupanga. Ngati kupsinjika kwakukulu, kutopa, kapena kukolola pansi pa katundu wochepera pafupifupi 650 ° C ndikufunika kolamulira, mphamvu ya 718 ya mvula-yolimba ndiyomwe ili yoyenera, malinga ngati kutentha kwa kutentha kumalemekezedwa.

Kwa mapulogalamu omwe pali dzimbiri komanso kupsinjika kwakukulu, palibe aloyi ndi yankho lachilengedwe chonse. Kuunikaku kuyenera kuyeza zotsatira za kulephera kwa dzimbiri ndi zotsatira za kulephera kwa makina, ndikuwunikanso ngati chinthu china kapena njira yoteteza pamwamba ingathe kuthana ndi zofunikira zonse ziwirizo moyenera.

Kuti muwunikenso zilipo Magawo a Inconel, kuphatikiza zambiri za Inconel 600 ndi Inconel 718, pitani patsamba lazogulitsa. Pamagawo a Inconel 625 kapena zida zopangidwa mwamakonda ndi makina opangidwa ndi aloyi, tsimikizirani kuchuluka kwazomwe mukupanga komanso mphamvu zochizira kutentha musanatchule.